MEDS 581 Final Review - Lecture 12 UPDATED ACTUAL
Questions and CORRECT Answers
, Uzbekistan -Inhabited for centuries
-Part of silk trade route
-Part of Russia for most history
-Joined USSR in 1920
-Declared independence in 1991 under Islam Karimov
-Shavkat Mirziyoyev is the current president
-No opposition allowed
-Totalitarian state with tight media restrictions
-Previous mandatory cotton harvesting "service"
Aral Sea -Formed by 2 rivers
-Syr Darya
-Amu Darya
-Previously 4th largest lake in world
-No outflow
-Sustained local economy through fishing
Engineering Nature -Stalin decided in 1920s to turn Central Asian Republics into cotton plantations
-Arid climate not suited for cotton, which requires lots of water
-Required Soviet Engineering as a solution
-Part of Stalin's "Great Plan for the Transformation of Nature"
-Response to famine in the USSR that killed roughly 1 million people
Aral Sea Engineering -Failure of interactions between people and environment negatively impacts
health
-Soviets hand dug canals to bring water to surrounding desert
-Grew crops like melons and cotton
-Climatologist referred to sea as "useless evaporator" and "mistake of nature"
-Little concern for lake
-Crops > fish
Consequences of Aral Sea Shrinkage -Evaporation happened quicker than expected
-Irrigation canals were inefficient
-Most water evaporated before use
-Aral sea drained much faster than expected
-Little public support for restoring the lake
Cotton Policy -Karimov maintained cotton industry after independence
-Up to 2 M Uzbeks forced to work in cotton industry to harvest
-Failure can result in imprisonment
-As of 2022, entire force was reportedly a volunteer force
Aral Sea Shrinkage Problems -Sea size decreased, salinity increased
-Destroyed fishing industry of surrounding villages
-Declining sea exposed lots of salt covered land leading to dust storms
-Cotton farming required fertilizers and pesticides that have seeped into dust
making them toxic
-DDT, hexachlorocyclohexane, toxaphene, phosalone
Questions and CORRECT Answers
, Uzbekistan -Inhabited for centuries
-Part of silk trade route
-Part of Russia for most history
-Joined USSR in 1920
-Declared independence in 1991 under Islam Karimov
-Shavkat Mirziyoyev is the current president
-No opposition allowed
-Totalitarian state with tight media restrictions
-Previous mandatory cotton harvesting "service"
Aral Sea -Formed by 2 rivers
-Syr Darya
-Amu Darya
-Previously 4th largest lake in world
-No outflow
-Sustained local economy through fishing
Engineering Nature -Stalin decided in 1920s to turn Central Asian Republics into cotton plantations
-Arid climate not suited for cotton, which requires lots of water
-Required Soviet Engineering as a solution
-Part of Stalin's "Great Plan for the Transformation of Nature"
-Response to famine in the USSR that killed roughly 1 million people
Aral Sea Engineering -Failure of interactions between people and environment negatively impacts
health
-Soviets hand dug canals to bring water to surrounding desert
-Grew crops like melons and cotton
-Climatologist referred to sea as "useless evaporator" and "mistake of nature"
-Little concern for lake
-Crops > fish
Consequences of Aral Sea Shrinkage -Evaporation happened quicker than expected
-Irrigation canals were inefficient
-Most water evaporated before use
-Aral sea drained much faster than expected
-Little public support for restoring the lake
Cotton Policy -Karimov maintained cotton industry after independence
-Up to 2 M Uzbeks forced to work in cotton industry to harvest
-Failure can result in imprisonment
-As of 2022, entire force was reportedly a volunteer force
Aral Sea Shrinkage Problems -Sea size decreased, salinity increased
-Destroyed fishing industry of surrounding villages
-Declining sea exposed lots of salt covered land leading to dust storms
-Cotton farming required fertilizers and pesticides that have seeped into dust
making them toxic
-DDT, hexachlorocyclohexane, toxaphene, phosalone
