Comprehensive General Surgery Exam Review: Hernias, Acute Abdomen, SBO, Appendicitis, Hepatobiliary, Pancreatitis & Endocrine Disorders – Complete Verified Questions Provided with A+ Graded Rationales Latest Updated 2026

Comprehensive General Surgery Exam Review: Hernias, Acute Abdomen, SBO, Appendicitis, Hepatobiliary, Pancreatitis & Endocrine Disorders – Complete Verified Questions Provided with A+ Graded Rationales Latest Updated 2026 Indirect Inguinal Hernia Most common type of hernia Men what sex is more likely to get an inguinal hernia? Right inguinal hernias are more common on what side of the body? Delay in atrophy of the processes vaginalis why are inguinal hernias more common on the right side? Femoral Hernias what type of hernias have the highest rate of strangulation? External Oblique -the most superficial of the lateral abdominal muscles -the superficial boundary of the inguinal canal Internal Oblique -the middle layer of the lateral abdominal wall -the superior border of the inguinal canal Transverse Abdominis -this muscle provides strength and continuity for prevention and treatment of inguinal hernia Round ligament of the uterus the inguinal canal contains _____________ in women Indirect A bulge moving lateral to medial in the inguinal canal suggests an __________ hernia Direct if a bulge progresses from deep to superficial through the inguinal floor, it is a ___________ hernia Medial Direct hernias are ___________ to the inferior epigastric vessels Lateral Indirect hernias are _____________ to the inferior epigastric vessels Anterior, Tension-Free Repair the most common operative approach for inguinal hernias Sliding Inguinal Hernia when an internal organ composes a portion of the wall of the hernia sac Strangulated Inguinal Hernia blood supply to the incarcerated small intestine hernia is jeopardized; requires immediate medical attention -Ilioinguinal -Genital br. of the genitofemoral -Iliohypogastric Nerves most affected during an open hernia repair Acute Abdomen signs and symptoms of abdominal pain and tenderness that often represents an underlying surgical problem Visceral _____________ abdominal pain: -distention of hollow organs -diffuse and poorly localized Parietal _____________ abdominal pain: -sharp and better localized -sensation via nerve roots supplying peritoneum Laparoscopy -procedure that can be diagnostic and therapeutic -should not be used when irreversible sepsis is present Small Bowel Obstruction -diarrhea (early), colickly abdominal pain, N/V, distention, obstipation -intestinal activity increases and then decreases -KUB shows dilated loops w/o colonic obstruction 30 days Early post-op bowel obstruction is obstruction within ____________ after surgery Functional ___________ ileus: caused by inhibition of propulsive bowel activity Mechanical ___________ ileus: due to a barrier Immediately ileus occurring _______________ after surgery in the absence of precipitating factors -Aggressive fluids (isotonic saline) -Electrolytes -Abx -Tube decompression -Lysis of adhesions, manual reduction of hernias, intestinal bypass, laparoscopy Treatment for SBO Distal Large bowel obstruction occurs ____________ to the ileocecal valve Ogilvie's Syndrome (Pseudo-obstruction) -acute colonic di