Experienced Academic Resource Creator, Digital Marketplace Strategist, E-Commerce Seller, Content Curator, and Global Student Engagement Specialist with Proven Track Record in Online Study Material Development and Sales Optimization Verified Questions Com

Experienced Academic Resource Creator, Digital Marketplace Strategist, E-Commerce Seller, Content Curator, and Global Student Engagement Specialist with Proven Track Record in Online Study Material Development and Sales Optimization Verified Questions Complete with A+ Graded Rationales Latest Updated 2026 Comprehensive Clinical Pharmacology, Toxicology, Withdrawal Management, and Therapeutic Interventions for Marijuana, PCP, LSD, Dextromethorphan, Ketamine, Alcohol, and Opioid Use Disorders Questions Verified and Provided with A+ Graded • Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) • If severe: dronabinol, gabapentin • Sleep disturbance with sedative hypnotics (zolpidem) or BZDs Treatment for Marijuana Withdrawal • Supportive care; fluids • BZDs for agitation -Chlorpromazine (hyperemesis) -Albuterol (bronchospasms) Treatment for acute Marijuana toxicity Marijuana ____________________ Toxicity: • Tachycardia, blood pressure changes (hypo or hypertension); tachypnea, conjunctival injection, dry mouth, increased appetite, impaired attention, concentration and memory • Severe effects at higher doses include delirium, panic attacks, myoclonic jerking and rarely psychosis/hallucinations Marijuana Therapeutic uses (NOT FDA approved): • Treatment of chronic severe pain (e.g., cancer), refractory nausea/vomiting, anorexia/cachexia, glaucoma, seizures CB2 Receptor that is assoc with regulation of immune response and inflammatory reactions CB1 Receptor that Inhibits release of ACh, L-glutamate, GABA, NE, DA, and 5-HT into CNS Marijuana -Partial agonist to GPCR cannabinoid receptors CB1 and CB2, inhibits adenylyl cyclase, ↓cAMP -Supportive -Benzodiazepines -Haloperidol -Barbituates -Nitroglycerin or Nitroprusside (htn) Treatment for PCP intoxication Phencyclidine (PCP) ________________ Toxicity: • Adrenergic Stimulation: Hypertension, tachycardia, hypo or hyperthermia, rhabdomyolysis • Altered mental status: CNS stimulation or depression, odd or violent behavior secondary to hallucinations, diminished perception of pain • Rotary nystagmus and pain insensitivity (hallmark) • Psychomotor agitation similar to acute psychosis • Severe intoxication can include acute brain syndrome, seizures, respiratory depression and coma Phencyclidine (PCP) • Non-competitive antagonist of NMDA receptors which leads to excess of excitatory neurotransmitter release • DA, NE and 5HT reuptake inhibitor • Therapeutic uses: non-narcotic dissociative anesthetic in 1950s; post-op dysphoria and hallucinations occurred frequently Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD) __________________ Toxicity: • Patients feel a heightened perception of sensory input, distorted sense of time, euphoria/well-being, enhanced mystical/spiritual experiences • Synesthesia: blending of the senses (e.g., "hearing" colors; "seeing" sounds) • Fear, panic, dysphoria, overwhelming sense of dread may also occur • Serotonin syndrome may occur • Sympathomimetic effects: mydriasis, tachycardia, hypertension, hyperthermia Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD) -1st synthetic hallucinogen -interaction w/serotonin, dopamine and glutamate via 5-HT2A receptors • Physical dependence is not thought to occur; psychological dependence may occur • Supportive care • BZD • Add barbiturates (seizures) • Nitroprusside (htn) • Cyproheptadine (SS) • Naloxone Treatment for Dextromethorphan Toxicity Dextromethorphan __________________ Toxicity: • 1st plateau: mild stimulation; similar to common AEs • 2nd plateau: euphoria and hallucinations • 3rd plateau: Dissociative "out of body" state *desired by misuse* • 4th plateau: Complete dissociation and unresponsiveness Dextromethorphan AEs: • Common: dizziness, somnolence, fatigue • Serious: manic symptoms, visual hallucinations, serotonin syndrome Dextromethorphan -cough suppressant -works in the medulla oblongata cough center to elevate the threshold for cough (affects 5HT, NE reuptake, receptors) • May decrease glutamate activity via non-competitive antagonism of the NMDA receptor Lofexidine Indications: mitigate