,Chapter 01: Food, Nutrition, and Health
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
Nix: Williams’ Basic Nutrition and Diet Therapy, 17th Edition
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
MULTIPLE CHOICE 2+
1. Promoting a health care service that improves diabetes management for the elderly i
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
n a community would assist in which of the following?
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
a. Supporting the national health goals Healthy People 20202+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
b. Reducing hunger in a subset of the United States population
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
c. Improving Medicare reimbursement claims 2+ 2+ 2+
d. Providing access to primary health care services 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
ANS: 2 + A
Healthy People 2020 has a wide influence and is the focus of the nation’s main objecti
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
ve to promote health and prevent disease.
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application 2+ 2+
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotio
2 + 2+ 2+ 2+ 2 + 2+ 2+
n and Maintenance
2+ 2+
2. A patient requires a nutrition assessment. The most appropriate professional to pe orm t
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
he assessment is a
2+ 2+ 2+
a. physician.
b. nurse.
c. public health nutritionist. 2+ 2+
d. registered dietitian. 2+
ANS: 2 + D
The registered dietitian is the nutrition expert registered with the Commission of Dietetic
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
Registration (CDR), the certifying agency of Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics.
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
Registered dietitians are the only professionals who have met strict educational and profe
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
ssional prerequisites and passed a national registration examination that properly prepares
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
them to conduct a nutrition assessment.
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application 2+ 2+
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effecti
2 + 2+ 2+ 2+ 2 + 2+ 2+ 2+
ve Care Environment: Management of Care
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
3. The sum of all body processes inside living cells that sustain life and health is
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
a. science.
b. digestion.
c. metabolism.
d. nutrition.
ANS: 2 + C
Metabolism is the sum of all chemical changes that take place in the body. Metabolism p
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
rovides energy, builds tissue, and regulates metabolic processes in the body.
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge 2+ 2+
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Physiological In
2 + 2+ 2+ 2+ 2 + 2+ 2+
tegrity: Physiological Adaptation
2+ 2+
4. The nutrients that provide the body with its primary source of fuel for energy are
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
,a. vitamins.
, b. minerals.
c. fiber.
d. carbohydrates.
ANS: 2 + D
Carbohydrates (e.g., starches and sugars) are the body’s primary fuel to carry out neces
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
sary processes; fat is the secondary source of energy.
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge 2+ 2+
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Physiological In
2 + 2+ 2+ 2+ 2 + 2+ 2+
tegrity: Physiological Adaptation
2+ 2+
5. Which of the following is the most accurate statement regarding the functions of protein?
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
a. Proteins can be a primary fuel source even if there is adequate carbohydrate intake.
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
b. Proteins are a necessary nutrient to provide energy for the body in times of stress.
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
c. Proteins can be used as coenzyme factors during cell metabolism.
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
d. Proteins are essential to building and repairing tissues within the body.
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
ANS: 2 + D
The primary function of proteins is to provide amino acids, which are the building unit
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
s necessary to building and repairing tissues within the body. This is a constant process
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
that ensures adequate growth and maintenance of tissues for a strong body.
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension 2+ 2+
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Physiological In
2 + 2+ 2+ 2+ 2 + 2+ 2+
tegrity: Physiological Adaptation
2+ 2+
6. A 65-year-
2+
old man requires 2000 kcal/day without any specific fat or carbohydrate requirements.
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
The approximate number of kilocalories per day from fat that his diet should provide is
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
kcal/day.
a. 400–700
b. 100–300
c. 500–800
d. 900–1200
ANS: 2 + A
Fat should provide no more than 20% to 35% of the total kilocalories per day, so f
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
or a 2000-kcal diet, 400–700 kcal should be provided.
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application 2+ 2+
TOP: Nursing Process: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotio
2 + 2+ 2+ 2+ 2 + 2+ 2+
n and Maintenance
2+ 2+
7. The body’s main storage form of carbohydrate is
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
a. glycogen.
b. glycerol.
c. glucagon.
d. glucose.
ANS: 2 + A
Glycogen is a polysaccharide that is the main storage form of carbohydrate in the human
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
body. It is mainly stored in the liver and to a lesser extent in muscle tissue.
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge 2+ 2+
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Physiological In
2 + 2+ 2+ 2+ 2 + 2+ 2+
tegrity: Physiological Adaptation
2+ 2+
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
Nix: Williams’ Basic Nutrition and Diet Therapy, 17th Edition
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
MULTIPLE CHOICE 2+
1. Promoting a health care service that improves diabetes management for the elderly i
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
n a community would assist in which of the following?
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
a. Supporting the national health goals Healthy People 20202+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
b. Reducing hunger in a subset of the United States population
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
c. Improving Medicare reimbursement claims 2+ 2+ 2+
d. Providing access to primary health care services 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
ANS: 2 + A
Healthy People 2020 has a wide influence and is the focus of the nation’s main objecti
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
ve to promote health and prevent disease.
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application 2+ 2+
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotio
2 + 2+ 2+ 2+ 2 + 2+ 2+
n and Maintenance
2+ 2+
2. A patient requires a nutrition assessment. The most appropriate professional to pe orm t
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
he assessment is a
2+ 2+ 2+
a. physician.
b. nurse.
c. public health nutritionist. 2+ 2+
d. registered dietitian. 2+
ANS: 2 + D
The registered dietitian is the nutrition expert registered with the Commission of Dietetic
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
Registration (CDR), the certifying agency of Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics.
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
Registered dietitians are the only professionals who have met strict educational and profe
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
ssional prerequisites and passed a national registration examination that properly prepares
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
them to conduct a nutrition assessment.
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application 2+ 2+
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effecti
2 + 2+ 2+ 2+ 2 + 2+ 2+ 2+
ve Care Environment: Management of Care
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
3. The sum of all body processes inside living cells that sustain life and health is
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
a. science.
b. digestion.
c. metabolism.
d. nutrition.
ANS: 2 + C
Metabolism is the sum of all chemical changes that take place in the body. Metabolism p
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
rovides energy, builds tissue, and regulates metabolic processes in the body.
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge 2+ 2+
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Physiological In
2 + 2+ 2+ 2+ 2 + 2+ 2+
tegrity: Physiological Adaptation
2+ 2+
4. The nutrients that provide the body with its primary source of fuel for energy are
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
,a. vitamins.
, b. minerals.
c. fiber.
d. carbohydrates.
ANS: 2 + D
Carbohydrates (e.g., starches and sugars) are the body’s primary fuel to carry out neces
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
sary processes; fat is the secondary source of energy.
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge 2+ 2+
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Physiological In
2 + 2+ 2+ 2+ 2 + 2+ 2+
tegrity: Physiological Adaptation
2+ 2+
5. Which of the following is the most accurate statement regarding the functions of protein?
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
a. Proteins can be a primary fuel source even if there is adequate carbohydrate intake.
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
b. Proteins are a necessary nutrient to provide energy for the body in times of stress.
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
c. Proteins can be used as coenzyme factors during cell metabolism.
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
d. Proteins are essential to building and repairing tissues within the body.
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
ANS: 2 + D
The primary function of proteins is to provide amino acids, which are the building unit
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
s necessary to building and repairing tissues within the body. This is a constant process
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
that ensures adequate growth and maintenance of tissues for a strong body.
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension 2+ 2+
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Physiological In
2 + 2+ 2+ 2+ 2 + 2+ 2+
tegrity: Physiological Adaptation
2+ 2+
6. A 65-year-
2+
old man requires 2000 kcal/day without any specific fat or carbohydrate requirements.
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
The approximate number of kilocalories per day from fat that his diet should provide is
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
kcal/day.
a. 400–700
b. 100–300
c. 500–800
d. 900–1200
ANS: 2 + A
Fat should provide no more than 20% to 35% of the total kilocalories per day, so f
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
or a 2000-kcal diet, 400–700 kcal should be provided.
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application 2+ 2+
TOP: Nursing Process: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotio
2 + 2+ 2+ 2+ 2 + 2+ 2+
n and Maintenance
2+ 2+
7. The body’s main storage form of carbohydrate is
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
a. glycogen.
b. glycerol.
c. glucagon.
d. glucose.
ANS: 2 + A
Glycogen is a polysaccharide that is the main storage form of carbohydrate in the human
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
body. It is mainly stored in the liver and to a lesser extent in muscle tissue.
2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge 2+ 2+
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Physiological In
2 + 2+ 2+ 2+ 2 + 2+ 2+
tegrity: Physiological Adaptation
2+ 2+
