Advanced Medical-Surgical Nursing –
Exam 1 Comprehensive Review and
Practice Questions
domains of nursing practice - Answer--where you practice nursing
nursing practice - Answer---the protection, promotion, and optimization of health
-preventing illness and injury
-alleviation of suffering
nursing process - Answer---assessment
-diagnosis
-planning
-implementation
-evaluation
QSEN competencies - Answer---Patient - Centered Care
-Teamwork and Collaboration
-Safety
-Quality Improvement
-Informatics
-Evidence - Based Practice
,5 rights of delegation - Answer--1. Right Task
2. Right Circumstance
3. Right Person
4. Right Directions / Communication
5. Right Supervision / Evaluation
properties of cardiac cells - Answer---Automaticity - Ability to initiate an impulse
spontaneously and continuously
-Excitability - Ability to be electrically stimulated
-Conductivity - Ability to transmit an impulse along a membrane in an orderly
manner
-Contractility - Ability to respond mechanically to an impulse
SA node - Answer---pacemaker of the heart
-located in Rt atrium
-produces heart rate
-beats at *60-100 bpm*
parasympathetic nervous system - Answer--(vagal response)
-decreases rate of SA node
-*decreases heart rate*
-slows impulse conduction of AV node
sympathetic nervous system - Answer--(fight or flight)
-increases rate of SA node
-*increases heart rate*
-increases impulse conduction of AV node
-increases cardiac contractility
Electrocardiogram monitoring - Answer---Graphic tracing of electrical impulses
produced by heart
-Waveforms of ECG represent activity of charged ions across membranes of
myocardial cells
depolarization - Answer--contraction
, repolarization - Answer--Return of the cell to resting state
secondary pacemakers of the heart - Answer---AV Node: beats at 40-60 bpm
-His-Purkinje Fibers: 20-40 bpm
reading ECG - Answer---small / little boxes = 0.04 seconds
-bolded box lines = 0.2 seconds
isoelectric line - Answer--The baseline of the ECG
PR interval (PRI) - Answer---from onset of P wave to onset of QRS
-Normal duration = *0.12-0.20 sec*
-represents atria to ventricular conduction time
prolonged PR interval - Answer--may indicate first degree heart block
QT interval - Answer---total ventricular activity
-*0.34-0.43*
-measured from beginning of QRS to the end of the T wave
-varies with heart rate
-less than half of the R to R interval
P wave - Answer--caused by atrial depolarization
QRS complex - Answer---ventricular depolarization
-*less than 0.12 seconds*
-Q wave greater than 1/3 the height of the R wave, greater than 0.04 seconds are
abnormal and may represent an MI (if Q wave is wider or taller than a box it can
be a pathological Q)
T wave - Answer--results from ventricular repolarization
dysrhythmias - Answer---disorder of impulse formation, conduction of impulses,
or both
ECG heart rate calculation - Answer---always want at least a 6 second strip
-*count the "R" points (in QRS wave) within the 6 second strip to calculate HR*
-R points = high points / tips on reading
-8 R points in 6 sec. strip = HR of 80
(6 sec x 10 = 1 minute, 8 x 10 = 80)
Exam 1 Comprehensive Review and
Practice Questions
domains of nursing practice - Answer--where you practice nursing
nursing practice - Answer---the protection, promotion, and optimization of health
-preventing illness and injury
-alleviation of suffering
nursing process - Answer---assessment
-diagnosis
-planning
-implementation
-evaluation
QSEN competencies - Answer---Patient - Centered Care
-Teamwork and Collaboration
-Safety
-Quality Improvement
-Informatics
-Evidence - Based Practice
,5 rights of delegation - Answer--1. Right Task
2. Right Circumstance
3. Right Person
4. Right Directions / Communication
5. Right Supervision / Evaluation
properties of cardiac cells - Answer---Automaticity - Ability to initiate an impulse
spontaneously and continuously
-Excitability - Ability to be electrically stimulated
-Conductivity - Ability to transmit an impulse along a membrane in an orderly
manner
-Contractility - Ability to respond mechanically to an impulse
SA node - Answer---pacemaker of the heart
-located in Rt atrium
-produces heart rate
-beats at *60-100 bpm*
parasympathetic nervous system - Answer--(vagal response)
-decreases rate of SA node
-*decreases heart rate*
-slows impulse conduction of AV node
sympathetic nervous system - Answer--(fight or flight)
-increases rate of SA node
-*increases heart rate*
-increases impulse conduction of AV node
-increases cardiac contractility
Electrocardiogram monitoring - Answer---Graphic tracing of electrical impulses
produced by heart
-Waveforms of ECG represent activity of charged ions across membranes of
myocardial cells
depolarization - Answer--contraction
, repolarization - Answer--Return of the cell to resting state
secondary pacemakers of the heart - Answer---AV Node: beats at 40-60 bpm
-His-Purkinje Fibers: 20-40 bpm
reading ECG - Answer---small / little boxes = 0.04 seconds
-bolded box lines = 0.2 seconds
isoelectric line - Answer--The baseline of the ECG
PR interval (PRI) - Answer---from onset of P wave to onset of QRS
-Normal duration = *0.12-0.20 sec*
-represents atria to ventricular conduction time
prolonged PR interval - Answer--may indicate first degree heart block
QT interval - Answer---total ventricular activity
-*0.34-0.43*
-measured from beginning of QRS to the end of the T wave
-varies with heart rate
-less than half of the R to R interval
P wave - Answer--caused by atrial depolarization
QRS complex - Answer---ventricular depolarization
-*less than 0.12 seconds*
-Q wave greater than 1/3 the height of the R wave, greater than 0.04 seconds are
abnormal and may represent an MI (if Q wave is wider or taller than a box it can
be a pathological Q)
T wave - Answer--results from ventricular repolarization
dysrhythmias - Answer---disorder of impulse formation, conduction of impulses,
or both
ECG heart rate calculation - Answer---always want at least a 6 second strip
-*count the "R" points (in QRS wave) within the 6 second strip to calculate HR*
-R points = high points / tips on reading
-8 R points in 6 sec. strip = HR of 80
(6 sec x 10 = 1 minute, 8 x 10 = 80)
