GALEN NUR 210 PHARMACOLOGY EXAM 1 ACTUAL EXAM 2024 EXAM
COMPLETE 250 QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED VERIFIED ANSWERS (100%
CORRECT ANSWERS) /ALREADY GRADED A+
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_g52czp
1. Pharmacokinetics The process in which medications move through the
body
2. What are the 4 phas- absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion
es of pharmacokinet-
ics?
3. Absorption happens with drug movement from the GI tract into
the bloodstream. Most meds are taken by mouth.
4. Oral absorption Takes awhile to get absorbed because it has to go
through the GI system
Usually takes 2-4 hours
•Enteric coated
aspirin - hard on stomach
can not crush pill
•Extended release
absorbed in the small intestine
5. IM absorption Absorbed 1-2 hours
6. IV absorption Absorbed 30-60 minutes
7. dissolution Dissolution happens when a po medication breaks
down into particles, disintegrates, and dissolves to
combine with liquid so absorption from the GI tract
into the bloodstream occurs.
Liquid medications are absorbed faster than solids.
Food can interfere with the absorption of drugs.
8. Drugs that resist dis- Parenteral medications (SL, eyedrops, inhalants,
solution transdermal) do not pass through the GI tract.
Enteric coated medications are designed to resist
disintegration until the pill reaches the small intes-
tine. EC and sustained release meds should not be
crushed.
, GALEN NUR 210 PHARMACOLOGY EXAM 1 ACTUAL EXAM 2024 EXAM
COMPLETE 250 QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED VERIFIED ANSWERS (100%
CORRECT ANSWERS) /ALREADY GRADED A+
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_g52czp
9. Factors that affect ab- •Lack of muscle and increased fat changes medicine
sorption absorption
•Food consumption - will change medicine potency
(delayed)
•Stress - Exercise, medicine goes to muscle
•pH - Medicine is made for acidic environments
•Antacid changes absorption
•Taken alone so it doesn't change the action
10. Excipients Fillers and other substances that make up tablets as
a pill is not 100% drug.
Sometimes an excipient enhances the absorption of
a drug such as with PCN, which is not well absorbed
from the GI tract.
Adding Na to PCN, which makes it penicillin sodium,
will increase the absorption of PCN
11. first pass effect •the oral drugs go to liver via portal vein where some
of the drug becomes inactive
•Only happens with oral medications
12. delayed gastric emp- Food doesn't move like it should
tying
13. Distribution refers to the movement of the drug from the circula-
tion to body tissues
14. Factors affecting dis- -blood flow to tissues
tribution -protein binding
-blood brain barrier
-drug's affinity to the tissue
15. protein binding Drugs bind with proteins in blood
Some drugs are highly protein bound and other are
weakly protein bound
16. free drugs drugs not bound to protein
, GALEN NUR 210 PHARMACOLOGY EXAM 1 ACTUAL EXAM 2024 EXAM
COMPLETE 250 QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED VERIFIED ANSWERS (100%
CORRECT ANSWERS) /ALREADY GRADED A+
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_g52czp
17. Drug Toxicity -Two highly protein bound drugs compete and one
might accumulate and cause a toxicity
-it is important to know if you are administering highly
protein bound medications and monitor albumin lev-
els in patients with liver or kidney disease.
-Some drugs that are highly protein bound include:
Warfarin
Furosemide
Diazepam
18. Drug distribution and -A decrease in albumin levels decrease the pro-
albumin tein-binding sites, which means more of the free drug
is circulated.
-This can be fatal with some meds.
-Free drugs are those not bound to protein, which
means they are active in the body and cause a phar-
macologic response.
-Older adults, malnourished individuals, and those
with liver or kidney disease have low albumin levels.
19. Blood Brain Barrier -The BBB protects the brain from most drugs.
(BBB) -Some meds are able to cross the BBB such as
benzodiazepines.
-Drugs can cross the placenta and cause sponta-
neous abortion or alter fetal growth and develop-
ment.
20. Metabolism •Chemically changes drug to a form that can be
excreted
•Liver primary site
21. half-life •the time it takes for the drug in the body to be
reduced by half
22. Loading dose use of a higher dose than what is usually used for
treatment to allow the drug to reach the critical con-
centration (therapeutic level) sooner
COMPLETE 250 QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED VERIFIED ANSWERS (100%
CORRECT ANSWERS) /ALREADY GRADED A+
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_g52czp
1. Pharmacokinetics The process in which medications move through the
body
2. What are the 4 phas- absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion
es of pharmacokinet-
ics?
3. Absorption happens with drug movement from the GI tract into
the bloodstream. Most meds are taken by mouth.
4. Oral absorption Takes awhile to get absorbed because it has to go
through the GI system
Usually takes 2-4 hours
•Enteric coated
aspirin - hard on stomach
can not crush pill
•Extended release
absorbed in the small intestine
5. IM absorption Absorbed 1-2 hours
6. IV absorption Absorbed 30-60 minutes
7. dissolution Dissolution happens when a po medication breaks
down into particles, disintegrates, and dissolves to
combine with liquid so absorption from the GI tract
into the bloodstream occurs.
Liquid medications are absorbed faster than solids.
Food can interfere with the absorption of drugs.
8. Drugs that resist dis- Parenteral medications (SL, eyedrops, inhalants,
solution transdermal) do not pass through the GI tract.
Enteric coated medications are designed to resist
disintegration until the pill reaches the small intes-
tine. EC and sustained release meds should not be
crushed.
, GALEN NUR 210 PHARMACOLOGY EXAM 1 ACTUAL EXAM 2024 EXAM
COMPLETE 250 QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED VERIFIED ANSWERS (100%
CORRECT ANSWERS) /ALREADY GRADED A+
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_g52czp
9. Factors that affect ab- •Lack of muscle and increased fat changes medicine
sorption absorption
•Food consumption - will change medicine potency
(delayed)
•Stress - Exercise, medicine goes to muscle
•pH - Medicine is made for acidic environments
•Antacid changes absorption
•Taken alone so it doesn't change the action
10. Excipients Fillers and other substances that make up tablets as
a pill is not 100% drug.
Sometimes an excipient enhances the absorption of
a drug such as with PCN, which is not well absorbed
from the GI tract.
Adding Na to PCN, which makes it penicillin sodium,
will increase the absorption of PCN
11. first pass effect •the oral drugs go to liver via portal vein where some
of the drug becomes inactive
•Only happens with oral medications
12. delayed gastric emp- Food doesn't move like it should
tying
13. Distribution refers to the movement of the drug from the circula-
tion to body tissues
14. Factors affecting dis- -blood flow to tissues
tribution -protein binding
-blood brain barrier
-drug's affinity to the tissue
15. protein binding Drugs bind with proteins in blood
Some drugs are highly protein bound and other are
weakly protein bound
16. free drugs drugs not bound to protein
, GALEN NUR 210 PHARMACOLOGY EXAM 1 ACTUAL EXAM 2024 EXAM
COMPLETE 250 QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED VERIFIED ANSWERS (100%
CORRECT ANSWERS) /ALREADY GRADED A+
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_g52czp
17. Drug Toxicity -Two highly protein bound drugs compete and one
might accumulate and cause a toxicity
-it is important to know if you are administering highly
protein bound medications and monitor albumin lev-
els in patients with liver or kidney disease.
-Some drugs that are highly protein bound include:
Warfarin
Furosemide
Diazepam
18. Drug distribution and -A decrease in albumin levels decrease the pro-
albumin tein-binding sites, which means more of the free drug
is circulated.
-This can be fatal with some meds.
-Free drugs are those not bound to protein, which
means they are active in the body and cause a phar-
macologic response.
-Older adults, malnourished individuals, and those
with liver or kidney disease have low albumin levels.
19. Blood Brain Barrier -The BBB protects the brain from most drugs.
(BBB) -Some meds are able to cross the BBB such as
benzodiazepines.
-Drugs can cross the placenta and cause sponta-
neous abortion or alter fetal growth and develop-
ment.
20. Metabolism •Chemically changes drug to a form that can be
excreted
•Liver primary site
21. half-life •the time it takes for the drug in the body to be
reduced by half
22. Loading dose use of a higher dose than what is usually used for
treatment to allow the drug to reach the critical con-
centration (therapeutic level) sooner
