Test Bank Advanced Physiology And Pathophysiology Essentials For Clinical
1 of Practice,
108 1st Edition Nancy C. Tkacs,Linda L. Herrmann
Chapter 1. THE FOUNDATIONAL CONCEPTS OF
CLINICALPRACTICE
1. The characteristic, localized cardinal signs of acute inflammation
include:
A) fever.
B) fatigue.
C) redness.
D) granuloma.
2. The vascular, hemodynamic stage of acute inflammation is
initiated by momentary vasoconstriction followed by vasodilation
that causes localized:
A) bleeding.
B) congestion.
C) pale skin.
D) coolness.
3. The cellular stage of acute inflammation is marked by the
movement of leukocytes into the area. Which of the following
cells arrives early in great numbers?
A) Basophils
B) Lymphocytes
C) Neutrophils
D) Platelets
Page 1 Test Bank Advanced Physiology And Pathophysiology Essentials For Clinical Practice, 1st Edition Nancy C. Tkacs,Linda L. Herrmann.pdf
,Test Bank Advanced Physiology And Pathophysiology Essentials For Clinical
2 of Practice,
108 1st Edition Nancy C. Tkacs,Linda L. Herrmann
4. The phagocytosis process involves three distinct steps. What is
the initial step in the process?
A) Engulfment
B) Intracellular killing
C) Antigen margination
D) Recognition and adherence
5. Which of the following mediators of inflammation causes increased
capillary permeability and pain?
A) Serotonin
B) Histamine
C) Bradykinin
D) Nitric oxide
6. Inflammatory exudates are a combination of several types.
Which of the following exudates is composed of enmeshed
necrotic cells?
A) Serous
B) Fibrinous
C) Suppurative
D) Membranous
7. The acute-phase systemic response usually begins within hours of
the onset of inflammation and includes:
A) fever and lethargy.
B) decreased C-reactive protein.
C) positive nitrogen balance.
D) low erythrocyte sedimentation rate.
8. In contrast to acute inflammation, chronic inflammation is
characterized by which of the following phenomena?
Page 2 Test Bank Advanced Physiology And Pathophysiology Essentials For Clinical Practice, 1st Edition Nancy C. Tkacs,Linda L. Herrmann.pdf
,Test Bank Advanced Physiology And Pathophysiology Essentials For Clinical
3 of Practice,
108 1st Edition Nancy C. Tkacs,Linda L. Herrmann
A) Profuse fibrinous exudation
B) A shift to the left of granulocytes
C) Metabolic and respiratory alkalosis
D) Lymphocytosis and activated macrophages
9. Exogenous pyrogens (interleukin-1) and the presence of bacteria
in the blood lead to the release of endogenous pyrogens that:
A) stabilize thermal control in the brain.
B) produce leukocytosis and anorexia.
C) block viral replication in cells.
D) inhibit prostaglandin release.
10 An older adult patient has just sheared the skin on her elbow while
attempted
. to boost herself up in bed, an event that has precipitated acute
inflammation in the region surrounding the wound. Which of the
following events will occur during the vascular stage of the
patients inflammation?
A) Outpouring of exudate into interstitial spaces
B) Chemotaxis
C) Accumulation of leukocytes along the epithelium
D) Phagocytosis of cellular debris
11 Which of the following individuals most likely has the highest risk of
. experiencing chronic inflammation?
A) A patient who has recently been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes
B) A patient who is a carrier of an antibiotic-resistant organism
C) A patient who is taking oral antibiotics for an upper respiratory
infection
D) A patient who is morbidly obese and who has a sedentary lifestyle
12 Which of the following core body temperatures is within normal
range?
.
A) 35.9C (96.6F)
Page 3 Test Bank Advanced Physiology And Pathophysiology Essentials For Clinical Practice, 1st Edition Nancy C. Tkacs,Linda L. Herrmann.pdf
, Test Bank Advanced Physiology And Pathophysiology Essentials For Clinical
4 of Practice,
108 1st Edition Nancy C. Tkacs,Linda L. Herrmann
B) 38.0C (100.4F)
C) 35.5C (95.9F)
D) 37.3C (99.1F)
13 A postsurgical patient who is recovering in the postanesthetic
recovery unit
. states that she is freezing cold. Which of the following measures is
likely to be initiated in the patients hypothalamus in an effort to
reduce heat loss?
A) Opening of arteriovenous (AV) shunts
B) Reduced exhalation of warmed air
C) Contraction of pilomotor muscles
D) Decreased urine production
14 An elderly patient is dressed only in a hospital gown and complains of
a
. draft in her room. Consequently, she has requested a warm blanket
while she sits in her wheelchair. Which of the following
mechanisms of heat loss is most likely the primary cause of her
request?
A) Evaporation and conduction
B) Radiation and convection
C) Conduction and convection
D) Convection and evaporation
15 Which of the following pathophysiologic processes are capable of
inducing
. the production of pyrogens? Select all that apply.
A) Acute inflammation
B) Obesity
C) Myocardial infarction
D) Malignancy
E) Renal failure
16 Which of the following patients is most likely to be susceptible to
. developing a neurogenic fever?
Page 4 Test Bank Advanced Physiology And Pathophysiology Essentials For Clinical Practice, 1st Edition Nancy C. Tkacs,Linda L. Herrmann.pdf
1 of Practice,
108 1st Edition Nancy C. Tkacs,Linda L. Herrmann
Chapter 1. THE FOUNDATIONAL CONCEPTS OF
CLINICALPRACTICE
1. The characteristic, localized cardinal signs of acute inflammation
include:
A) fever.
B) fatigue.
C) redness.
D) granuloma.
2. The vascular, hemodynamic stage of acute inflammation is
initiated by momentary vasoconstriction followed by vasodilation
that causes localized:
A) bleeding.
B) congestion.
C) pale skin.
D) coolness.
3. The cellular stage of acute inflammation is marked by the
movement of leukocytes into the area. Which of the following
cells arrives early in great numbers?
A) Basophils
B) Lymphocytes
C) Neutrophils
D) Platelets
Page 1 Test Bank Advanced Physiology And Pathophysiology Essentials For Clinical Practice, 1st Edition Nancy C. Tkacs,Linda L. Herrmann.pdf
,Test Bank Advanced Physiology And Pathophysiology Essentials For Clinical
2 of Practice,
108 1st Edition Nancy C. Tkacs,Linda L. Herrmann
4. The phagocytosis process involves three distinct steps. What is
the initial step in the process?
A) Engulfment
B) Intracellular killing
C) Antigen margination
D) Recognition and adherence
5. Which of the following mediators of inflammation causes increased
capillary permeability and pain?
A) Serotonin
B) Histamine
C) Bradykinin
D) Nitric oxide
6. Inflammatory exudates are a combination of several types.
Which of the following exudates is composed of enmeshed
necrotic cells?
A) Serous
B) Fibrinous
C) Suppurative
D) Membranous
7. The acute-phase systemic response usually begins within hours of
the onset of inflammation and includes:
A) fever and lethargy.
B) decreased C-reactive protein.
C) positive nitrogen balance.
D) low erythrocyte sedimentation rate.
8. In contrast to acute inflammation, chronic inflammation is
characterized by which of the following phenomena?
Page 2 Test Bank Advanced Physiology And Pathophysiology Essentials For Clinical Practice, 1st Edition Nancy C. Tkacs,Linda L. Herrmann.pdf
,Test Bank Advanced Physiology And Pathophysiology Essentials For Clinical
3 of Practice,
108 1st Edition Nancy C. Tkacs,Linda L. Herrmann
A) Profuse fibrinous exudation
B) A shift to the left of granulocytes
C) Metabolic and respiratory alkalosis
D) Lymphocytosis and activated macrophages
9. Exogenous pyrogens (interleukin-1) and the presence of bacteria
in the blood lead to the release of endogenous pyrogens that:
A) stabilize thermal control in the brain.
B) produce leukocytosis and anorexia.
C) block viral replication in cells.
D) inhibit prostaglandin release.
10 An older adult patient has just sheared the skin on her elbow while
attempted
. to boost herself up in bed, an event that has precipitated acute
inflammation in the region surrounding the wound. Which of the
following events will occur during the vascular stage of the
patients inflammation?
A) Outpouring of exudate into interstitial spaces
B) Chemotaxis
C) Accumulation of leukocytes along the epithelium
D) Phagocytosis of cellular debris
11 Which of the following individuals most likely has the highest risk of
. experiencing chronic inflammation?
A) A patient who has recently been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes
B) A patient who is a carrier of an antibiotic-resistant organism
C) A patient who is taking oral antibiotics for an upper respiratory
infection
D) A patient who is morbidly obese and who has a sedentary lifestyle
12 Which of the following core body temperatures is within normal
range?
.
A) 35.9C (96.6F)
Page 3 Test Bank Advanced Physiology And Pathophysiology Essentials For Clinical Practice, 1st Edition Nancy C. Tkacs,Linda L. Herrmann.pdf
, Test Bank Advanced Physiology And Pathophysiology Essentials For Clinical
4 of Practice,
108 1st Edition Nancy C. Tkacs,Linda L. Herrmann
B) 38.0C (100.4F)
C) 35.5C (95.9F)
D) 37.3C (99.1F)
13 A postsurgical patient who is recovering in the postanesthetic
recovery unit
. states that she is freezing cold. Which of the following measures is
likely to be initiated in the patients hypothalamus in an effort to
reduce heat loss?
A) Opening of arteriovenous (AV) shunts
B) Reduced exhalation of warmed air
C) Contraction of pilomotor muscles
D) Decreased urine production
14 An elderly patient is dressed only in a hospital gown and complains of
a
. draft in her room. Consequently, she has requested a warm blanket
while she sits in her wheelchair. Which of the following
mechanisms of heat loss is most likely the primary cause of her
request?
A) Evaporation and conduction
B) Radiation and convection
C) Conduction and convection
D) Convection and evaporation
15 Which of the following pathophysiologic processes are capable of
inducing
. the production of pyrogens? Select all that apply.
A) Acute inflammation
B) Obesity
C) Myocardial infarction
D) Malignancy
E) Renal failure
16 Which of the following patients is most likely to be susceptible to
. developing a neurogenic fever?
Page 4 Test Bank Advanced Physiology And Pathophysiology Essentials For Clinical Practice, 1st Edition Nancy C. Tkacs,Linda L. Herrmann.pdf
