NUR 265 Exam 1 Actual Exam Questions with Elaborate Answers Already Graded A+

NUR 265 Exam 1 Actual Exam Questions with Elaborate Answers Already Graded A+ 1. oliguria - ANSWER Decreased urine output less than 30ml/hr 2. best way to measure kidney function - ANSWER intake and output 3. dyspnea is a sign of - ANSWER fluid overload 4. you should avoid this type of med with an AKI - ANSWER NSAIDS 5. complications associated with acute renal failure - ANSWER pericarditis seizures anemia 6. pericardial friction rub - ANSWER pericarditis 7. chronic kidney disease - ANSWER the progressive loss of renal function over months or years 8. uremia - ANSWER metallic taste in the mouth uremic frost on skin 9. Asterixis - ANSWER involuntary flapping movements of the hands ng interventions for chronic kidney disease - ANSWER monitor fluid status protein restrictions Na and K+ restrictions 11.Describe Intrarenal AKI. Give examples. - ANSWER Tissue damage to the actual kidneys. -Glomerulonephritis or inflammation of the glomeruli -Sepsis -Intrarenal bleeding -Pyelonephritis 12.Describe Postrenal AKI. Give examples. - ANSWER Obstruction that occurs after the kidney. -Enlarged prostate (BPH) -Bladder Cancer -Kidney stones 13.How do you determine the mean arterial pressure (MAP)? - ANSWER Systolic + (Diastolic*2) /3 14.Describe peritoneal dialysis - ANSWER -Sterile procedure at home where catheter is placed into the abdomen -Wear a mask -Solution may be warmed using a heating bag or blanket, not microwave! -Make sure patient turns and repositions to mix solution in the cavity 15.Describe nursing care for an AV fistula. - ANSWER -Palpate and auscultate- bruit and thrill -Distal pulses -ROM- helps form the fistula -Monitor for infection -No heavy lifting or carrying -No pressure -Aneurysm can form at AV fistula site 16.Describe dialysis disequilibrium syndrome - ANSWER -Life threatening! (occurs if fluid is pulled off too fast) -S/S: restless, headache, decreased LOC, seizures, coma -Call a rapid immediately -Give barbiturates and anticonvulsants 17.What is cirrhosis? - ANSWER An extensive, irreversible scarring of the liver. 18.What are common causes of cirrhosis? - ANSWER -ETOH -Viral hepatitis (HEP C) - Autoimmune hepatitis -Drugs and chemicals (aetaminophen or anything else hepatotoxic) 19.What are early S/S of cirrhosis? - ANSWER -Enlarged liver -Fatigue -Weight loss -Anorexia -N/V -Abdominal pain 20.What is nephrotic syndrome? - ANSWER A condition of increased glomerular permeability that allows larger molecules to pass through the membrane into the urine and then be excreted. 21.What are key features of nephrotic syndrome? - ANSWER -*Massive proteinuria* -*Hypoalbuminemia* -*Edema (facial and periorbital)* -Lipiduria -Hyperlipidemia -Increased coagulation -Reduced kidney function 22.In nephrotic syndrome, severe protein loss in the urine is greater than what? - ANSWER 3.5g in 24 hours 23.What is nephrotic syndrome treated with? - ANSWER -immunosuppressant agents (if immunity based).