NSC 114 Exam #2 Questions and Answers
Graded A+
Critical analysis - Correct answer-is the application of a set of questions to a
particular situation or idea to determine essential information and ideas and discard
unimportant information and ideas.
Socratic questioning - Correct answer-a technique one can use to look beneath the
surface, recognize and examine assumptions, search for inconsistencies, examine
multiple points of view, and differentiate what one knows from what one merely
believes
Nurses should employ Socratic questioning when reporting about a client's
condition and current status, reviewing a client's history and progress notes, and
planning care.
How do you know?
What effect would that have?
What are the alternatives?
,What would change your mind?
inductive reasoning - Correct answer-generalizations are formed from a set of facts
or observations
deductive reasoning - Correct answer-reasoning in which a conclusion is reached
by stating a general principle and then applying that principle to a specific case
(The sun rises every morning; therefore, the sun will rise on Tuesday morning.)
Different types of statements - Correct answer-FACTS:
Can be verified through investigation
(blood pressure is affected by blood volume)
INFERENCES:
Conclusions drawn from the facts; going beyond facts to make a statement about
something not currently known.
(If blood volume is decreased the blood pressure will drop)
JUDGEMENTS:
Evaluation of facts or information that reflects values or other criteria; a type of
opinion
(it is harmful to the client's health if the blood pressure drops too low)
,OPINIONS:
beliefs formed over time; include judgements that may fit facts or be erroneous
(nursing interventions can assist in maintaining the client's blood pressure within
normal limits)
Nursing Process - Correct answer-is the method nurses use to plan and deliver
nursing care
is a systematic, rational method of planning and providing individualized nursing
care. it begins with assessment of the client and sue of clinical reasoning to identify
client problems.
problem solving - Correct answer-* mental activity in which a problem is
identified that represents an unsteady state.
* it requires the nurse to obtain information that clarifies the nature of the problem
and suggest possible solutions
* the nurse carefully evaluates the possible solutions and chooses the best one to
implement.
* the situation is carefully monitored over time to ensure that its initial and
continued effectiveness returns the client to a steady state.
, trial and error - Correct answer-* a number of approaches are tried until a solution
is found
* this method used in nursing can be dangerous because the client might suffer
harm if an approach is inappropriate.
* more common in a home setting due to equipment and lifestyle.
* ex. when teaching a client to perform a colostomy irrigation, a bent coat hanger
hung on the shower curtain rod provides an appropriate height to perform the
irrigation. in the hospital setting a lowered IV pole is more likely utilized.
intuition - Correct answer-* problem solving approach that relies on a nurse's inner
sense.
* legitimate aspect of a nursing judgement in the implementation of care.
* understanding or learning of things without the conscious use of reasoning.
* it is also known as a 6th sense, feeling, instinct, or suspicion.
clinical judgement - Correct answer-* A decision making process to ascertain the
right nursing action to be implemented at the appropriate time in the client's care
* experience is important in improving intuition because the rapidity of the
judgement depends on the nurse having seen similar client situations many times
before.
Graded A+
Critical analysis - Correct answer-is the application of a set of questions to a
particular situation or idea to determine essential information and ideas and discard
unimportant information and ideas.
Socratic questioning - Correct answer-a technique one can use to look beneath the
surface, recognize and examine assumptions, search for inconsistencies, examine
multiple points of view, and differentiate what one knows from what one merely
believes
Nurses should employ Socratic questioning when reporting about a client's
condition and current status, reviewing a client's history and progress notes, and
planning care.
How do you know?
What effect would that have?
What are the alternatives?
,What would change your mind?
inductive reasoning - Correct answer-generalizations are formed from a set of facts
or observations
deductive reasoning - Correct answer-reasoning in which a conclusion is reached
by stating a general principle and then applying that principle to a specific case
(The sun rises every morning; therefore, the sun will rise on Tuesday morning.)
Different types of statements - Correct answer-FACTS:
Can be verified through investigation
(blood pressure is affected by blood volume)
INFERENCES:
Conclusions drawn from the facts; going beyond facts to make a statement about
something not currently known.
(If blood volume is decreased the blood pressure will drop)
JUDGEMENTS:
Evaluation of facts or information that reflects values or other criteria; a type of
opinion
(it is harmful to the client's health if the blood pressure drops too low)
,OPINIONS:
beliefs formed over time; include judgements that may fit facts or be erroneous
(nursing interventions can assist in maintaining the client's blood pressure within
normal limits)
Nursing Process - Correct answer-is the method nurses use to plan and deliver
nursing care
is a systematic, rational method of planning and providing individualized nursing
care. it begins with assessment of the client and sue of clinical reasoning to identify
client problems.
problem solving - Correct answer-* mental activity in which a problem is
identified that represents an unsteady state.
* it requires the nurse to obtain information that clarifies the nature of the problem
and suggest possible solutions
* the nurse carefully evaluates the possible solutions and chooses the best one to
implement.
* the situation is carefully monitored over time to ensure that its initial and
continued effectiveness returns the client to a steady state.
, trial and error - Correct answer-* a number of approaches are tried until a solution
is found
* this method used in nursing can be dangerous because the client might suffer
harm if an approach is inappropriate.
* more common in a home setting due to equipment and lifestyle.
* ex. when teaching a client to perform a colostomy irrigation, a bent coat hanger
hung on the shower curtain rod provides an appropriate height to perform the
irrigation. in the hospital setting a lowered IV pole is more likely utilized.
intuition - Correct answer-* problem solving approach that relies on a nurse's inner
sense.
* legitimate aspect of a nursing judgement in the implementation of care.
* understanding or learning of things without the conscious use of reasoning.
* it is also known as a 6th sense, feeling, instinct, or suspicion.
clinical judgement - Correct answer-* A decision making process to ascertain the
right nursing action to be implemented at the appropriate time in the client's care
* experience is important in improving intuition because the rapidity of the
judgement depends on the nurse having seen similar client situations many times
before.
