AQA GCSE Chemistry - Paper 1 Exam
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Update 2026-2027 | 100% Guaranteed
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What is the relative mass of an electron? -ANSWER Very small
How many types of atoms do elements contain? -ANSWER Only one type
What are compounds? -ANSWER Substances containing two or more different elements
that are chemically bonded together
What are mixtures? -ANSWER Substances containing two or more different elements
that are not chemically bonded together
What pattern is formed from carrying out paper chromatography? -ANSWER
Chromatogram
Which method of separation is useful to separate an insoluble solid from a liquid? -
ANSWER Filtration
Which method of separation is useful to separate a soluble solid from a liquid? -ANSWER
Evaporation or Crystillisation
Which method of distillation separates liquids with similar boiling points? -ANSWER
Fractional distillation
Who discovered that the plum pudding model was wrong? -ANSWER Ernest Rutherford
Who devised an experiment that proved the existence of the neutron? -ANSWER Niels
Bohr
Why did Mendeleev leave gaps in his Table of Elements? -ANSWER To ensure that
elements with similar properties stayed in the same groups. The gaps indicated the
existence of undiscovered elements and allowed Mendeleev to predict what their
properties might be
How are the group number and the number of electrons in the outer shell of an element
related? -ANSWER The group number tells you how many electrons are in the outer shell
of an element. E.g. sodium is in Group 1 therefore it has 1 electron on its outer shell
What kind of ions do metals form? -ANSWER Positive
,Where are the non-metals on the periodic table? -ANSWER On the right hand side
Give three properties which are specific to transition metals -ANSWER 1) They can form
more than one ion e.g cobalt form Co2+
2) They are often coloured, therefore compounds which contain them are colourful e.g.
potassium chromate is yellow
3) They often make good catalysts e.g. nickel based catalysts are used in the
hydrogenation of alkenes
State three trends as you go down Group 1 -ANSWER 1) Increased reactivity - the outer
electron is more easily lost as the attraction between the nucleus and the electron
decreases because the electron is further away from the nucleus
2) Lower melting and boiling points
3) Higher relative atomic mass
What are the products of the reaction of a Group 1 metal and water -ANSWER Hydrogen
gas and a metal hydroxide
E.g. sodium + water --> sodium hydroxide + hydrogen
What's the difference between the hardness of Group 1 and transition metals? -ANSWER
Transition metals are harder, denser and stronger than Group 1 metals
What's the difference between the reactivity of Group 1 and transition metals? -ANSWER
Group 1 metals are much more reactive than transition metals
What's the difference between the melting points of Group 1 and transition metals? -
ANSWER Transition metals have higher melting points than Group 1 metals
What trends occur as you go down Group 7? -ANSWER 1) They become less reactive -
it's harder to gain an extra electron because the outer shell's further from the nucleus
2) They have higher melting and boiling points
3) They have higher relative atomic masses
What is the charge of the ions that halogens form when they react with metals? -
ANSWER They form negative ions
What is the trend in boiling point as you go down Group 0? -ANSWER The boiling points
increase
What subatomic particles does the nucleus contain? -ANSWER Protons and neutrons
What is relative atomic mass? -ANSWER The mass number which refers to the element
as a whole
How are positive ions formed? -ANSWER A metal atom loses electrons
, How are negative ions formed? -ANSWER A non-metal gains electrons
What is air a mixture of? -ANSWER Gases, mainly nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide and
argon
What is crude oil a mixture of? -ANSWER Different length hydrocarbon molecules
How can you separate substances in a mixture? -ANSWER Chromatography
What is simple distillation used for? -ANSWER Separating out a liquid from a solution
E.g. separating pure water from seawater
How were elements arranged in the early 1800s? -ANSWER By their physical and
chemical properties and their relative atomic mass
How are columns arranged? -ANSWER Elements with similar properties
What are the three similar basic properties of metals? -ANSWER 1) They're strong but
are malleable
2) They're great at conducting heat and electricity
3) They have high boiling and melting points
What is the product of the reaction of a Group 1 metal with chlorine? -ANSWER A metal
chloride salt
E.g. sodium + chlorine --> sodium chloride
What is the product of the reaction of a Group 1 metal with oxygen? -ANSWER A metal
oxide, depending on the Group 1 metal
-Lithium + oxygen --> lithium oxide
-Sodium + oxygen --> sodium oxide + sodium peroxide
-Potassium + oxygen --> potassium peroxide + potassium superoxide
What are halogens? -ANSWER Non-metals in Group 7 with coloured vapours
What colour is fluorine? -ANSWER A very reactive, poisonous yellow gas
What colour is chlorine? -ANSWER A fairly reactive, poisonous dense green gas
What colour is bromine? -ANSWER A dense, poisonous red-brown volatile liquid
What colour is iodine? -ANSWER A dark grey crystalline solid or a purple vapour
What do halogens exist as? -ANSWER Molecules - pairs of atoms
With Possible Solutions | Newest
Update 2026-2027 | 100% Guaranteed
Pass | Graded A+
What is the relative mass of an electron? -ANSWER Very small
How many types of atoms do elements contain? -ANSWER Only one type
What are compounds? -ANSWER Substances containing two or more different elements
that are chemically bonded together
What are mixtures? -ANSWER Substances containing two or more different elements
that are not chemically bonded together
What pattern is formed from carrying out paper chromatography? -ANSWER
Chromatogram
Which method of separation is useful to separate an insoluble solid from a liquid? -
ANSWER Filtration
Which method of separation is useful to separate a soluble solid from a liquid? -ANSWER
Evaporation or Crystillisation
Which method of distillation separates liquids with similar boiling points? -ANSWER
Fractional distillation
Who discovered that the plum pudding model was wrong? -ANSWER Ernest Rutherford
Who devised an experiment that proved the existence of the neutron? -ANSWER Niels
Bohr
Why did Mendeleev leave gaps in his Table of Elements? -ANSWER To ensure that
elements with similar properties stayed in the same groups. The gaps indicated the
existence of undiscovered elements and allowed Mendeleev to predict what their
properties might be
How are the group number and the number of electrons in the outer shell of an element
related? -ANSWER The group number tells you how many electrons are in the outer shell
of an element. E.g. sodium is in Group 1 therefore it has 1 electron on its outer shell
What kind of ions do metals form? -ANSWER Positive
,Where are the non-metals on the periodic table? -ANSWER On the right hand side
Give three properties which are specific to transition metals -ANSWER 1) They can form
more than one ion e.g cobalt form Co2+
2) They are often coloured, therefore compounds which contain them are colourful e.g.
potassium chromate is yellow
3) They often make good catalysts e.g. nickel based catalysts are used in the
hydrogenation of alkenes
State three trends as you go down Group 1 -ANSWER 1) Increased reactivity - the outer
electron is more easily lost as the attraction between the nucleus and the electron
decreases because the electron is further away from the nucleus
2) Lower melting and boiling points
3) Higher relative atomic mass
What are the products of the reaction of a Group 1 metal and water -ANSWER Hydrogen
gas and a metal hydroxide
E.g. sodium + water --> sodium hydroxide + hydrogen
What's the difference between the hardness of Group 1 and transition metals? -ANSWER
Transition metals are harder, denser and stronger than Group 1 metals
What's the difference between the reactivity of Group 1 and transition metals? -ANSWER
Group 1 metals are much more reactive than transition metals
What's the difference between the melting points of Group 1 and transition metals? -
ANSWER Transition metals have higher melting points than Group 1 metals
What trends occur as you go down Group 7? -ANSWER 1) They become less reactive -
it's harder to gain an extra electron because the outer shell's further from the nucleus
2) They have higher melting and boiling points
3) They have higher relative atomic masses
What is the charge of the ions that halogens form when they react with metals? -
ANSWER They form negative ions
What is the trend in boiling point as you go down Group 0? -ANSWER The boiling points
increase
What subatomic particles does the nucleus contain? -ANSWER Protons and neutrons
What is relative atomic mass? -ANSWER The mass number which refers to the element
as a whole
How are positive ions formed? -ANSWER A metal atom loses electrons
, How are negative ions formed? -ANSWER A non-metal gains electrons
What is air a mixture of? -ANSWER Gases, mainly nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide and
argon
What is crude oil a mixture of? -ANSWER Different length hydrocarbon molecules
How can you separate substances in a mixture? -ANSWER Chromatography
What is simple distillation used for? -ANSWER Separating out a liquid from a solution
E.g. separating pure water from seawater
How were elements arranged in the early 1800s? -ANSWER By their physical and
chemical properties and their relative atomic mass
How are columns arranged? -ANSWER Elements with similar properties
What are the three similar basic properties of metals? -ANSWER 1) They're strong but
are malleable
2) They're great at conducting heat and electricity
3) They have high boiling and melting points
What is the product of the reaction of a Group 1 metal with chlorine? -ANSWER A metal
chloride salt
E.g. sodium + chlorine --> sodium chloride
What is the product of the reaction of a Group 1 metal with oxygen? -ANSWER A metal
oxide, depending on the Group 1 metal
-Lithium + oxygen --> lithium oxide
-Sodium + oxygen --> sodium oxide + sodium peroxide
-Potassium + oxygen --> potassium peroxide + potassium superoxide
What are halogens? -ANSWER Non-metals in Group 7 with coloured vapours
What colour is fluorine? -ANSWER A very reactive, poisonous yellow gas
What colour is chlorine? -ANSWER A fairly reactive, poisonous dense green gas
What colour is bromine? -ANSWER A dense, poisonous red-brown volatile liquid
What colour is iodine? -ANSWER A dark grey crystalline solid or a purple vapour
What do halogens exist as? -ANSWER Molecules - pairs of atoms
