Push pressure is _________
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Intake
Which macronutrients are not included in glycemic index?
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proteins and fats
Describe polysaccharides
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Polymers consisting of chains of
>10 monosaccharides or >5 disaccharide units
Discuss the Anaplerotic inputs into the TCA cycle and also exit points for
intermediates to feed into which other pathways
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Anaplerotic Inputs:
Pyruvate can be converted to oxaloacetate by pyruvate carboxylase,
entering the TCA cycle.
Glutamate & Glutamine, derived from amino acid metabolism, can be
converted to alpha-ketoglutarate
Succinyl-CoA
Fumarate
Exit Points:
Oxaloacetate can be used as a precursor for gluconeogenesis
a-KG is a precursor for the synthesis of several amino acids
Succinyl-CoA is used in the synthesis of porphyrins
Citrate can be exported to the cytosol for fatty acid and sterol synthesis
Who are the producers of the gradient?
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Complexes I, III, & IV
,How does protein lead to
acetyl-CoA?
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Protein —> Amino Acids —> can enter into Pyruvate or acetyl-CoA —> amine
—> urine
Hydrolyzes esters
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Esterase
The end-products of carbohydrate catabolism includes all of the following except:
a) urea
b) water
c) carbon dioxide
d) energy (atp)
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A) urea
Compare and contrast the Cori/Alanine cycle in high energy demanding activity
versus tumor growth
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, If blood vessels development does not keep pace with growth of a solid
tumor, decreased O2 concentration within the tumor leads to activation
of signal processes that result in a shift to anaerobic metabolism
uses water to cleave a molecule
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hydrolases
Describe the inner membrane of the mitochondria
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(impermeable)
Oxidative phosphorylation
Metabolite transport
Protein import (TIM)
Protein assembly
Protein degradation
__________________ stimulates gluconeogenesis and glycogenloysis
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Glucagon
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Intake
Which macronutrients are not included in glycemic index?
Give this one a try later!
proteins and fats
Describe polysaccharides
,Give this one a try later!
Polymers consisting of chains of
>10 monosaccharides or >5 disaccharide units
Discuss the Anaplerotic inputs into the TCA cycle and also exit points for
intermediates to feed into which other pathways
Give this one a try later!
Anaplerotic Inputs:
Pyruvate can be converted to oxaloacetate by pyruvate carboxylase,
entering the TCA cycle.
Glutamate & Glutamine, derived from amino acid metabolism, can be
converted to alpha-ketoglutarate
Succinyl-CoA
Fumarate
Exit Points:
Oxaloacetate can be used as a precursor for gluconeogenesis
a-KG is a precursor for the synthesis of several amino acids
Succinyl-CoA is used in the synthesis of porphyrins
Citrate can be exported to the cytosol for fatty acid and sterol synthesis
Who are the producers of the gradient?
Give this one a try later!
Complexes I, III, & IV
,How does protein lead to
acetyl-CoA?
Give this one a try later!
Protein —> Amino Acids —> can enter into Pyruvate or acetyl-CoA —> amine
—> urine
Hydrolyzes esters
Give this one a try later!
Esterase
The end-products of carbohydrate catabolism includes all of the following except:
a) urea
b) water
c) carbon dioxide
d) energy (atp)
Give this one a try later!
A) urea
Compare and contrast the Cori/Alanine cycle in high energy demanding activity
versus tumor growth
Give this one a try later!
, If blood vessels development does not keep pace with growth of a solid
tumor, decreased O2 concentration within the tumor leads to activation
of signal processes that result in a shift to anaerobic metabolism
uses water to cleave a molecule
Give this one a try later!
hydrolases
Describe the inner membrane of the mitochondria
Give this one a try later!
(impermeable)
Oxidative phosphorylation
Metabolite transport
Protein import (TIM)
Protein assembly
Protein degradation
__________________ stimulates gluconeogenesis and glycogenloysis
Give this one a try later!
Glucagon
