Understanding Pathophysiology 7e by Huether & McCance |
Full Test Bank + Verified Solutions | All Chapters Covered |
Nursing & Medical Exam Prep | Top-Rated Study Guide |
Latest Edition
,Table of contents
PART ONE: BASIC CONCEPTS OF PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Unit 1: The Cell
Chapter 01. Cellular Biology
Chapter 02. Genes and Genetic Diseases
Chapter 03. Epigenetics and Disease
Chapter 04. Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology
Chapter 05. Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases
Unit 2: Mechanisms of Self-Defense
Chapter 06. Innate Immunity: Inflammation and Wound Healing
Chapter 07. Adaptive Immunity
Chapter 08. Alterations in Immunity
Chapter 09. Infection and Defects in Mechanisms of Defense
Chapter 10. Stress and Disease
Unit 3: Cellular Proliferation: Cancer
Chapter 11. Biology of Cancer
Chapter 12. Cancer Epidemiology
Chapter 13. Cancer in Children and Adolescents
PART TWO: BODY SYSTEMS AND DISEASES
Unit 4: The Neurologic System
Chapter 14. Structure and Function of the Neurologic System
Chapter 15. Pain, Temperature, Sleep, and Sensory Function
Chapter 16. Alterations in Cognitive Systems, Cerebral Hemodynamics, and Motor Function
Chapter 17. Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and Neuromuscular Junction
Chapter 18. Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children
Unit 5: The Endocrine System
Chapter 19. Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation
Chapter 20. Alterations of Hormonal Regulation
Chapter 21. Obesity and Disorders of Nutrition
Unit 6: The Hematologic System
Chapter 22. Structure and Function of the Hematologic System
,Chapter 23. Alterations of Hematologic Function
Chapter 24. Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children
Unit 7: The Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems
Chapter 25. Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems
Chapter 26. Alterations of Cardiovascular Function
Chapter 27. Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children
Unit 8: The Pulmonary System
Chapter 28. Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System
Chapter 29. Alterations of Pulmonary Function
Chapter 30. Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children
Unit 9: The Renal and Urologic Systems
Chapter 31. Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems
Chapter 32. Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function
Chapter 33. Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children
Unit 10: The Reproductive Systems
Chapter 34. Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems
Chapter 35. Alterations of the Female Reproductive System
Chapter 36. Alterations of the Male Reproductive System
Unit 11: The Digestive System
Chapter 37. Structure and Function of the Digestive System
Chapter 38. Alterations of Digestive Function
Chapter 39. Alterations of Digestive Function in Children
Unit 12: The Musculoskeletal and Integumentary Systems
Chapter 40. Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System
Chapter 41. Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function
Chapter 42. Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children
Chapter 43. Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument
Chapter 44. Alterations of the Integument in Children
, PART ONE: BASIC CONCEPTS OF
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Unit 1: The Cell
Chapter 01: Cellular Biology
Huether: Understanding Pathophysiology, 7th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. A student is observing a cell under the microscope. It is observed to have supercoiled DNA
with histones. Which of the following would also be observed by the student?
a. A single circular chromosome
b. A nucleus
c. Free-floating nuclear material
d. No organelles
CORRECT
RESPONSE: B
The cell described is a eukaryotic cell, so it has histones and a supercoiled DNA within its
nucleus; thus, the nucleus should be observed. A single circular chromosome called a
prokaryote contains free-floating nuclear material but has no organelles.
2. A nurse is instructing the staff about cellular functions. Which cellular function is the nurse
describing when an isolated cell absorbs oxygen and uses it to transform nutrients to
energy?
a. Metabolic absorption
b. Communication
c. Secretion
d. Respiration
CORRECT
RESPONSE: D
The cell’s ability to absorb oxygen is referred to as respiration while its communication
ability involves maintenance of a steady dynamic state, metabolic absorption provides
nutrition, and
secretion allows for the synthesizing of new substances.
3. A eukaryotic cell is undergoing DNA replication. In which region of the cell would most of
the genetic information be contained?
a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Nucleus cytoplasm
CORRECT
RESPONSE: C
The region of the cell that contains genetic material, including a large amount of ribonucleic
acid, most of the DNA, and DNA-binding proteins, is the nucleolus, which is located within
the cell’s nucleus. Mitochondria is associated with cellular respiration while ribosomes are
involved with protein manufacturing. Cytoplasm is a fluid filling that is a component of the
cell.
4. Which of the following can remove proteins attached to the cell’s bilayer by dissolving the
,layer itself?
a. Peripheral membrane proteins
b. Integral membrane proteins
c. Glycoproteins
d. Cell adhesion molecules
, CORRECT RESPONSE: B
Proteins directly attached to the membrane bilayer can be removed by the action of integral
membrane proteins that dissolve the bilayer. Peripheral membrane proteins reside at the
surface while cell adhesion molecules are on the outside of the membrane. Glycoprotein
marks cells and does not float.
5. Which of the following can bind to plasma membrane receptors?
a. Oxygen
b. Ribosomes
c. Amphipathic lipids
d. Ligands
CORRECT RESPONSE: D
Ligands are the only specific molecules that can bind with receptors on the cell membrane.
6. A nurse is reviewing a report from a patient with metastatic cancer. What alternation
in the extracellular matrix would support the diagnosis of metastatic cancer?
a. Decreased fibronectin
b. Increased collagen
c. Decreased elastin
d. Increased glycoproteins
CORRECT RESPONSE: A
Only a reduced amount of fibronectin is found in some types of cancerous cells, allowing
them to travel or metastasize.
7. Which form of cell communication is used to relate to other cells in direct physical contact?
a. Cell junction
b. Gap junction
c. Desmosome
d. Tight junction
CORRECT RESPONSE: A
Cell junctions hold cells together and permit molecules to pass from cell to cell. Gap junctions
allow for cellular communication between cells. Neither desmosomes nor tight junctions are
associated with cellular communication.
8. Pancreatic beta cells secrete insulin, which inhibits secretion of glucagon from
neighboring alpha cells. This action is an example of which of the following signaling
types?
a. Paracrine
b. Autocrine
c. Neurohormonal
d. Hormonal
CORRECT RESPONSE: A
Paracrine signaling involves the release of local chemical mediators that are quickly taken
up, destroyed, or immobilized, as in the case of insulin and the inhibition of the secretion of
glucagon. None of the other options involve signaling that is associated with a local chemical
mediator like insulin.
9. In cellular metabolism, each enzyme has a high affinity for a:
a. solute.
Full Test Bank + Verified Solutions | All Chapters Covered |
Nursing & Medical Exam Prep | Top-Rated Study Guide |
Latest Edition
,Table of contents
PART ONE: BASIC CONCEPTS OF PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Unit 1: The Cell
Chapter 01. Cellular Biology
Chapter 02. Genes and Genetic Diseases
Chapter 03. Epigenetics and Disease
Chapter 04. Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology
Chapter 05. Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases
Unit 2: Mechanisms of Self-Defense
Chapter 06. Innate Immunity: Inflammation and Wound Healing
Chapter 07. Adaptive Immunity
Chapter 08. Alterations in Immunity
Chapter 09. Infection and Defects in Mechanisms of Defense
Chapter 10. Stress and Disease
Unit 3: Cellular Proliferation: Cancer
Chapter 11. Biology of Cancer
Chapter 12. Cancer Epidemiology
Chapter 13. Cancer in Children and Adolescents
PART TWO: BODY SYSTEMS AND DISEASES
Unit 4: The Neurologic System
Chapter 14. Structure and Function of the Neurologic System
Chapter 15. Pain, Temperature, Sleep, and Sensory Function
Chapter 16. Alterations in Cognitive Systems, Cerebral Hemodynamics, and Motor Function
Chapter 17. Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and Neuromuscular Junction
Chapter 18. Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children
Unit 5: The Endocrine System
Chapter 19. Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation
Chapter 20. Alterations of Hormonal Regulation
Chapter 21. Obesity and Disorders of Nutrition
Unit 6: The Hematologic System
Chapter 22. Structure and Function of the Hematologic System
,Chapter 23. Alterations of Hematologic Function
Chapter 24. Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children
Unit 7: The Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems
Chapter 25. Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems
Chapter 26. Alterations of Cardiovascular Function
Chapter 27. Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children
Unit 8: The Pulmonary System
Chapter 28. Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System
Chapter 29. Alterations of Pulmonary Function
Chapter 30. Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children
Unit 9: The Renal and Urologic Systems
Chapter 31. Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems
Chapter 32. Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function
Chapter 33. Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children
Unit 10: The Reproductive Systems
Chapter 34. Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems
Chapter 35. Alterations of the Female Reproductive System
Chapter 36. Alterations of the Male Reproductive System
Unit 11: The Digestive System
Chapter 37. Structure and Function of the Digestive System
Chapter 38. Alterations of Digestive Function
Chapter 39. Alterations of Digestive Function in Children
Unit 12: The Musculoskeletal and Integumentary Systems
Chapter 40. Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System
Chapter 41. Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function
Chapter 42. Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children
Chapter 43. Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument
Chapter 44. Alterations of the Integument in Children
, PART ONE: BASIC CONCEPTS OF
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Unit 1: The Cell
Chapter 01: Cellular Biology
Huether: Understanding Pathophysiology, 7th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. A student is observing a cell under the microscope. It is observed to have supercoiled DNA
with histones. Which of the following would also be observed by the student?
a. A single circular chromosome
b. A nucleus
c. Free-floating nuclear material
d. No organelles
CORRECT
RESPONSE: B
The cell described is a eukaryotic cell, so it has histones and a supercoiled DNA within its
nucleus; thus, the nucleus should be observed. A single circular chromosome called a
prokaryote contains free-floating nuclear material but has no organelles.
2. A nurse is instructing the staff about cellular functions. Which cellular function is the nurse
describing when an isolated cell absorbs oxygen and uses it to transform nutrients to
energy?
a. Metabolic absorption
b. Communication
c. Secretion
d. Respiration
CORRECT
RESPONSE: D
The cell’s ability to absorb oxygen is referred to as respiration while its communication
ability involves maintenance of a steady dynamic state, metabolic absorption provides
nutrition, and
secretion allows for the synthesizing of new substances.
3. A eukaryotic cell is undergoing DNA replication. In which region of the cell would most of
the genetic information be contained?
a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Nucleus cytoplasm
CORRECT
RESPONSE: C
The region of the cell that contains genetic material, including a large amount of ribonucleic
acid, most of the DNA, and DNA-binding proteins, is the nucleolus, which is located within
the cell’s nucleus. Mitochondria is associated with cellular respiration while ribosomes are
involved with protein manufacturing. Cytoplasm is a fluid filling that is a component of the
cell.
4. Which of the following can remove proteins attached to the cell’s bilayer by dissolving the
,layer itself?
a. Peripheral membrane proteins
b. Integral membrane proteins
c. Glycoproteins
d. Cell adhesion molecules
, CORRECT RESPONSE: B
Proteins directly attached to the membrane bilayer can be removed by the action of integral
membrane proteins that dissolve the bilayer. Peripheral membrane proteins reside at the
surface while cell adhesion molecules are on the outside of the membrane. Glycoprotein
marks cells and does not float.
5. Which of the following can bind to plasma membrane receptors?
a. Oxygen
b. Ribosomes
c. Amphipathic lipids
d. Ligands
CORRECT RESPONSE: D
Ligands are the only specific molecules that can bind with receptors on the cell membrane.
6. A nurse is reviewing a report from a patient with metastatic cancer. What alternation
in the extracellular matrix would support the diagnosis of metastatic cancer?
a. Decreased fibronectin
b. Increased collagen
c. Decreased elastin
d. Increased glycoproteins
CORRECT RESPONSE: A
Only a reduced amount of fibronectin is found in some types of cancerous cells, allowing
them to travel or metastasize.
7. Which form of cell communication is used to relate to other cells in direct physical contact?
a. Cell junction
b. Gap junction
c. Desmosome
d. Tight junction
CORRECT RESPONSE: A
Cell junctions hold cells together and permit molecules to pass from cell to cell. Gap junctions
allow for cellular communication between cells. Neither desmosomes nor tight junctions are
associated with cellular communication.
8. Pancreatic beta cells secrete insulin, which inhibits secretion of glucagon from
neighboring alpha cells. This action is an example of which of the following signaling
types?
a. Paracrine
b. Autocrine
c. Neurohormonal
d. Hormonal
CORRECT RESPONSE: A
Paracrine signaling involves the release of local chemical mediators that are quickly taken
up, destroyed, or immobilized, as in the case of insulin and the inhibition of the secretion of
glucagon. None of the other options involve signaling that is associated with a local chemical
mediator like insulin.
9. In cellular metabolism, each enzyme has a high affinity for a:
a. solute.
