PRESSURE ULCERS -NDNQI MODULE 1
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
GRADED A+ 2025/2026
Pressure Ulcer? - ANS localized injury to the skin and/or underlying tissue usually over a bony
prominence, as a result of pressure, or pressure in combination with shear.
Pressure - ANS the force per unit surface area that is applied vertically or perpendicular to
the surface of the skin. It deforms underlying tissue and compresses small blood vessels
hindering blood flow and nutrient supply. Tissues become ischemic and are damaged or die.
ischemic - ANS Disruption of the blood supply due to an obstruction, usually a thrombus or
embolism, that causes infarction of brain tissue
Shear - ANS the force per unit surface area applied parallel to the skin surface. It occurs when
one layer of tissue slides horizontally over another, deforming adipose and muscle tissue, and
disrupting blood flow.
classification system for pressure ulcers - ANS includes four numerical categories/stages with
two additional categories/stages for use in the United States.
Category/Stage I
Category/Stage II
Category/Stage III
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, Category/Stage IV
Unstageable/Unclassified
Suspected Deep Tissue Injury
Category/Stage I Pressure Ulcer - ANS -Intact skin with non-blanchable redness (erythema) of
a localized area usually over a bony prominence.
-Darkly pigmented skin may not have visible blanching; its color may differ from the surrounding
area.
-The area may be painful, firm, soft, warmer, or cooler as compared to adjacent tissue.
-may be difficult to detect in individuals with dark skin tones.
May indicate "at risk" persons.
Blanchable - ANS apply fingertip and slight pressure to red area; if skin turn a lighter shade of
of red or whitish color,injury is not severe
NonBlanchable Erythema - ANS a defined area of redness that persists (does not
blanch/become pale) when pressure is applied to the area.
Category/Stage II Pressure Ulcer - ANS -Partial thickness loss of dermis presenting as a
shallow open ulcer with a red pink wound bed, without slough.
-may also present as an intact or open/ruptured serum-filled or serosangineous-filled blister.
-Presents as a shiny or dry shallow ulcer without slough or bruising.
-This stage should not be used to describe skin tears, tape burns, incontinence- associated
dermatitis, maceration, or excoriation.
2 @COPYRIGHT 2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
GRADED A+ 2025/2026
Pressure Ulcer? - ANS localized injury to the skin and/or underlying tissue usually over a bony
prominence, as a result of pressure, or pressure in combination with shear.
Pressure - ANS the force per unit surface area that is applied vertically or perpendicular to
the surface of the skin. It deforms underlying tissue and compresses small blood vessels
hindering blood flow and nutrient supply. Tissues become ischemic and are damaged or die.
ischemic - ANS Disruption of the blood supply due to an obstruction, usually a thrombus or
embolism, that causes infarction of brain tissue
Shear - ANS the force per unit surface area applied parallel to the skin surface. It occurs when
one layer of tissue slides horizontally over another, deforming adipose and muscle tissue, and
disrupting blood flow.
classification system for pressure ulcers - ANS includes four numerical categories/stages with
two additional categories/stages for use in the United States.
Category/Stage I
Category/Stage II
Category/Stage III
1 @COPYRIGHT 2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
, Category/Stage IV
Unstageable/Unclassified
Suspected Deep Tissue Injury
Category/Stage I Pressure Ulcer - ANS -Intact skin with non-blanchable redness (erythema) of
a localized area usually over a bony prominence.
-Darkly pigmented skin may not have visible blanching; its color may differ from the surrounding
area.
-The area may be painful, firm, soft, warmer, or cooler as compared to adjacent tissue.
-may be difficult to detect in individuals with dark skin tones.
May indicate "at risk" persons.
Blanchable - ANS apply fingertip and slight pressure to red area; if skin turn a lighter shade of
of red or whitish color,injury is not severe
NonBlanchable Erythema - ANS a defined area of redness that persists (does not
blanch/become pale) when pressure is applied to the area.
Category/Stage II Pressure Ulcer - ANS -Partial thickness loss of dermis presenting as a
shallow open ulcer with a red pink wound bed, without slough.
-may also present as an intact or open/ruptured serum-filled or serosangineous-filled blister.
-Presents as a shiny or dry shallow ulcer without slough or bruising.
-This stage should not be used to describe skin tears, tape burns, incontinence- associated
dermatitis, maceration, or excoriation.
2 @COPYRIGHT 2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
