AQA AS BIOLOGY PAPER 1 COMPLETE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS FULL
SOLUTION MANUAL 2026
‣ Differences between light microscope and electron microscope .
Answer: Light: are cheap to make and they allow you to see the outline
of cells
Electron: Very expensive, however you can visualise finer details
(including sub-cellular structures) due to higher resolution and greater
resolving power
‣ Equation for magnification . Answer: Magnification = image size / real
size
‣ Differences between Eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells . Answer:
Eukaryotes have a nucleus in which their DNA is found
(Plant and Animal cells)
Prokaryotes don't have a nucleus and their DNA is in loops call plasmids
(Bacteria)
‣ cell membrane . Answer: semi-permeable, controls what enters and
leaves
, ‣ cell wall . Answer: made of cellulose, providing rigid structure
‣ cytoplasm . Answer: liquid that makes up the cell, where most
chemical reactions take place
‣ mitochondria . Answer: where respiration takes place, releasing energy
for the cell to function
‣ chloroplasts . Answer: contain green pigment chlorophyll, where
photosynthesis takes place
‣ ribosomes . Answer: synthesises proteins
‣ vacuole . Answer: where cell sap and minerals are stored
‣ difference between diploid and haploid . Answer: diploid: 23 pairs of
chromosomes, 46 (human cells)
haploid: just 23 chromosomes, gametes (sperm/eggs)
‣ what is mitosis . Answer: division of cells for growth and repair
‣ process of mitosis . Answer: 1. nucleus dissolves, genetic material is
duplicated
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS FULL
SOLUTION MANUAL 2026
‣ Differences between light microscope and electron microscope .
Answer: Light: are cheap to make and they allow you to see the outline
of cells
Electron: Very expensive, however you can visualise finer details
(including sub-cellular structures) due to higher resolution and greater
resolving power
‣ Equation for magnification . Answer: Magnification = image size / real
size
‣ Differences between Eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells . Answer:
Eukaryotes have a nucleus in which their DNA is found
(Plant and Animal cells)
Prokaryotes don't have a nucleus and their DNA is in loops call plasmids
(Bacteria)
‣ cell membrane . Answer: semi-permeable, controls what enters and
leaves
, ‣ cell wall . Answer: made of cellulose, providing rigid structure
‣ cytoplasm . Answer: liquid that makes up the cell, where most
chemical reactions take place
‣ mitochondria . Answer: where respiration takes place, releasing energy
for the cell to function
‣ chloroplasts . Answer: contain green pigment chlorophyll, where
photosynthesis takes place
‣ ribosomes . Answer: synthesises proteins
‣ vacuole . Answer: where cell sap and minerals are stored
‣ difference between diploid and haploid . Answer: diploid: 23 pairs of
chromosomes, 46 (human cells)
haploid: just 23 chromosomes, gametes (sperm/eggs)
‣ what is mitosis . Answer: division of cells for growth and repair
‣ process of mitosis . Answer: 1. nucleus dissolves, genetic material is
duplicated
