NSPN 7150 EXAM SCRIPT 2026 FULL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
ALREADY PASSED
◉ In 2018, ___% of Canadian women initiated breastfeeding at birth,
but close to ___% of these women stopped breastfeeding before their
infant was one month old. Answer: 92%, 25%
◉ According to the WHO, exclusive breastfeeding is recommended for
_____ months of age, with continued breastfeeding along with
appropriate complementary foods up to _____ years of age or beyond
Answer: Six months, two years.
◉ in 2018, ____% of mothers in Canada breastfed exclusively for six
months or more. Answer: 38%
◉ List 6 maternal benefits of breastfeeding Answer: - enhance the
normal postpartum state (breastfeeding releases oxytocin, promoting
uterine involution)
- quicker physical recovery, faster return to pre-pregnancy weight
- lactational amenorrhea (natural birth control) -> less iron loss, less
pregnancy risk due to suppression of fertility hormones
,- protects against postpartum depression (oxytocin release decreases
stress and enhances mothering behaviours)
- improves long term health (protective effect against breast and ovarian
cancer, T2D, postnatal depression)
- improves food security (safe and always available source of nutrition
for infant)
◉ List 7 infant benefits of breastfeeding Answer: - Ideal nutrition for
growth
- Optimal brain development and learning potential
- Reduces impact of infections (the four main causes of illness
(respiratory infections, diarrhoeal disease, atopic disease, and other
infections such as UTI and pyrexia) are lower in breastfed children. It
may also protect against acute otitis media in the first 2 years of life.)
- provides special protection for premature infants (abundance of IgA,
protecting against necrotizing enterocolitis)
- reduces hospital readmission rates among infants (3.6% breastfed vs.
80% artificially fed for infectious diseases (resp and GI))
- improves emotional well-being (builds bond between mother and
infant, reduces pain perception, cholecystokinin release during feeds
induces relaxation and pain relief, human milk sweetness releases
opioids in infant's midbrain for further pain relief)
- protects against SIDS and various diseases (asthma, obesity, T1D,
Crohn's, ulcerative colitis, lymphoma, allergies)
,◉ List 3 family and societal benefits to breastfeeding Answer: - Cost-
effective (powder formula costs $1140 per year, and ready-to-use
formula costs $3780, plus the cost of bottles and nipples)
- Reduces mortality rates and health care costs (the cost of NOT
breastfeeding: 595379 preventable deaths, with economic losses
estimated to be between 257-341 billion USD)
- Protects the environment (no contamination, packaging, or associated
waste)
◉ Human milk substitute can increase risk of infection through...
Answer: chemical contamination due to increased handling and
processing, occasionally causing recalls and safety alerts
◉ True or false: human milk substitute increases the risk of increased
crying Answer: false
◉ 21 dangers of infant formula (for both the child and the mother)
Answer: For the child: when feeding an infant formula, they are at an
increased risk of having asthma, allergies, ear infections, high blood
pressure and heart disease, respiratory infections, lower IQ and cognitive
development, obesity, iron-deficiency anemia, SIDS, diabetes, digestive
problems, childhood cancers, exposure to environmental contaminants,
sleep apnea, and dental problems and malocclusions
For the mother: when the mother doesn't breastfeed, she is at an
increased risk of developing diabetes, overweight and obesity,
, osteoporosis, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, and uterine cancer,
hypertension and cardiovascular disease, and reduced child spacing
◉ Health Canada, Dietitians of Canada, and the Canadian Paediatric
Society recommend only ______________________________ for
infants who are not being breastfed or receiving human milk Answer:
commercial infant formula
◉ A healthy woman is more likely to breastfeed because... Answer: she
has skills to promote health
◉ True or false: cultural beliefs and norms play a significant role in a
woman's decision to breastfeed and continue to breastfeed Answer:
True
◉ One of the main reasons given for stopping breastfeeding is:
Answer: "not enough breast milk"
44% of women surveyed felt that they had insufficient breast milk, 18%
reported that they had difficulty with breastfeeding technique, and 9%
reported a medical condition of the mother or infant.
◉ List 11 of today's issues contributing to breastfeeding difficulties
Answer: Aggressive global marketing of artificial feeding
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
ALREADY PASSED
◉ In 2018, ___% of Canadian women initiated breastfeeding at birth,
but close to ___% of these women stopped breastfeeding before their
infant was one month old. Answer: 92%, 25%
◉ According to the WHO, exclusive breastfeeding is recommended for
_____ months of age, with continued breastfeeding along with
appropriate complementary foods up to _____ years of age or beyond
Answer: Six months, two years.
◉ in 2018, ____% of mothers in Canada breastfed exclusively for six
months or more. Answer: 38%
◉ List 6 maternal benefits of breastfeeding Answer: - enhance the
normal postpartum state (breastfeeding releases oxytocin, promoting
uterine involution)
- quicker physical recovery, faster return to pre-pregnancy weight
- lactational amenorrhea (natural birth control) -> less iron loss, less
pregnancy risk due to suppression of fertility hormones
,- protects against postpartum depression (oxytocin release decreases
stress and enhances mothering behaviours)
- improves long term health (protective effect against breast and ovarian
cancer, T2D, postnatal depression)
- improves food security (safe and always available source of nutrition
for infant)
◉ List 7 infant benefits of breastfeeding Answer: - Ideal nutrition for
growth
- Optimal brain development and learning potential
- Reduces impact of infections (the four main causes of illness
(respiratory infections, diarrhoeal disease, atopic disease, and other
infections such as UTI and pyrexia) are lower in breastfed children. It
may also protect against acute otitis media in the first 2 years of life.)
- provides special protection for premature infants (abundance of IgA,
protecting against necrotizing enterocolitis)
- reduces hospital readmission rates among infants (3.6% breastfed vs.
80% artificially fed for infectious diseases (resp and GI))
- improves emotional well-being (builds bond between mother and
infant, reduces pain perception, cholecystokinin release during feeds
induces relaxation and pain relief, human milk sweetness releases
opioids in infant's midbrain for further pain relief)
- protects against SIDS and various diseases (asthma, obesity, T1D,
Crohn's, ulcerative colitis, lymphoma, allergies)
,◉ List 3 family and societal benefits to breastfeeding Answer: - Cost-
effective (powder formula costs $1140 per year, and ready-to-use
formula costs $3780, plus the cost of bottles and nipples)
- Reduces mortality rates and health care costs (the cost of NOT
breastfeeding: 595379 preventable deaths, with economic losses
estimated to be between 257-341 billion USD)
- Protects the environment (no contamination, packaging, or associated
waste)
◉ Human milk substitute can increase risk of infection through...
Answer: chemical contamination due to increased handling and
processing, occasionally causing recalls and safety alerts
◉ True or false: human milk substitute increases the risk of increased
crying Answer: false
◉ 21 dangers of infant formula (for both the child and the mother)
Answer: For the child: when feeding an infant formula, they are at an
increased risk of having asthma, allergies, ear infections, high blood
pressure and heart disease, respiratory infections, lower IQ and cognitive
development, obesity, iron-deficiency anemia, SIDS, diabetes, digestive
problems, childhood cancers, exposure to environmental contaminants,
sleep apnea, and dental problems and malocclusions
For the mother: when the mother doesn't breastfeed, she is at an
increased risk of developing diabetes, overweight and obesity,
, osteoporosis, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, and uterine cancer,
hypertension and cardiovascular disease, and reduced child spacing
◉ Health Canada, Dietitians of Canada, and the Canadian Paediatric
Society recommend only ______________________________ for
infants who are not being breastfed or receiving human milk Answer:
commercial infant formula
◉ A healthy woman is more likely to breastfeed because... Answer: she
has skills to promote health
◉ True or false: cultural beliefs and norms play a significant role in a
woman's decision to breastfeed and continue to breastfeed Answer:
True
◉ One of the main reasons given for stopping breastfeeding is:
Answer: "not enough breast milk"
44% of women surveyed felt that they had insufficient breast milk, 18%
reported that they had difficulty with breastfeeding technique, and 9%
reported a medical condition of the mother or infant.
◉ List 11 of today's issues contributing to breastfeeding difficulties
Answer: Aggressive global marketing of artificial feeding
