ENTRANCE SEMMELWEIS EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+ 2025/2026

ENTRANCE SEMMELWEIS EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
2025/2026




Electron configuration for cations - ANS Subtract 1 from exponent of highest n-value orbital
(ex. remove from 4s before 3d)



Ag+ = [Kr]5s^1 4d^9



Electron configuration for anions - ANS Add 1 to closest orbital



Cl- = [Ne]3s^2 3p^6



Atomic orbitals - ANS s, p, d, f



Primary vs secondary structures of proteins - ANS Primary - AA chain (linked by peptide
bonds)



Secondary - stabilized by non-covalent bonds (alpha helices & beta sheets)



Most bonds in organic compounds are - ANS covalent

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,Properties of water - ANS 1. polar

2. capable of adhesion and cohesion

3. high heat capacity (so it's hard to raise its temp)

4. great solvent

5. high heat of vaporization (allows humans to cool off via sweat)

6. water is less dense as a solid than a liquid



Intermolecular forces of water - ANS hydrogen bonding



Solution components - ANS 1. solvent (product being dissolved)

2. solute (medium for dissolving solvent)



Molarity - ANS the number of moles of solute per liter of solution



Solubility rules - ANS SOLUBLE

1. alkali metals (group 1) & NH4+ cations

2. NO3- or CH3COO- anions

3. Cl, Br, I (except when bonded to Ag+, Pb2+ or Hg2+)

4. sulfate ions (except when with Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+, Pb2+)



INSOLUBLE

1. Metal oxides (except CaO, SrO, BaO)

2. Hydroxides (except when with Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+)

3. Carbonates, phosphates, sulfides, and sulfites (unless bound to alkali metal or NH4+)


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,Solubility product - ANS Ksp = [A]^a[B]^b



**only products because we don't include solids in the equilibrium expression



for NaCl

- Ksp = x^2



for PbCl2

- Ksp = 4x^3



for Cr(OH)3

- Ksp = 27x^4



Large Ksp means - ANS strong electrolyte (more soluble)



Strong acids - ANS So I brought no clean clothes



1. H2SO4

2. HI

3. HBr

4. HNO3

5. HCl

6. HClO4

7. HClO3



Strong bases - ANS 1. NaOH
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, 2. LiOH

3. KOH

4. CsOH

5. RbOH

6. Ba(OH)2

7. Ca(OH)2

8. Sr(OH)2



Bases can certainly look pleasing (K), really something strong (Na)



Le Chatlier's principle: pressure - ANS pressure applied (or volume reduced) --> equilibrium
proceeds in direction with fewer moles



pressure removed (or volume increased) --> equilibrium proceeds in direction with more moles



Le Chatlier's principle: temperature - ANS increasing temperature

- toward products (if endothermic)

- toward reactants (if exothermic)



decreasing temperature

- toward products (if exothermic)

- toward reactants (if endothermic)



Le Chatlier's principle: concentration - ANS increase concentration of reactants

- reaction shifts toward products



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