, SOLUTION MANUAL FOR Data Visualization
Exploring and Explaining with Data 2nd Edition by
Jeffrey D. Camm
Notes
1- The file is chapter after chapter.
2- We have shown you few pages sample.
3- The file contains all Appendix and Excel sheet
if it exists.
4- We have all what you need, we make update
at every time. There are many new editions
waiting you.
5- If you think you purchased the wrong file You
can contact us at every time, we can replace it
with true one.
Our email:
,Solution and Answer Guide: Camm/Cochran/Fry/Ohlmann, Data Visualization - Exploring and Explaining with Data, 2nd Edition, © 2025,
9780357929766; Chapter 1: Introduction
Solution and Answer Guide
CAMM/COCHRAN/FRY/OHLMANN, DATA VISUALIZATION - EXPLORING AND EXPLAINING WITH
DATA, 2ND EDITION, © 2025, 9780357929766; CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
TABLE OF CONTENTS
End of Section Problem Solutions ............................................................................................ 1
END OF SECTION PROBLEM SOLUTIONS
1. Types of Analytics. Indicate which type of analytics (descriptive, predictive, or prescriptive analytics)
each of the following represents. LO 1
a. a data dashboard
b. a model that finds the production schedule that minimizes overtime
c. a model that forecasts sales for the next quarter
d. a bar chart
e. a model that allocates your financial investments to achieve your financial goal
Solution:
a. descriptive
b. prescriptive
c. predictive
d. descriptive
e. prescriptive
2. Transportation Planning. An analytics professional is asked to plan the shipment of a product for
the next quarter. She employs the following process:
Step 1. For each of the 12 distribution centers, she plots the quarterly demand for the product over
the last three years.
Step 2. Based on the plot for each distribution center, she develops a forecasting model to forecast
demand for next quarter for each distribution center.
Step 3. She takes the forecast for next quarter for each distribution center and inputs those
forecasts, along with the capacities of the company’s four factories and transportation rates
from each factory to each distribution center, into an optimization model. The optimization
model suggests a shipping plan that minimizes the cost of how to satisfy the forecasted
demand from the company’s four different factories to the distribution centers.
Describe the type of analytics being utilized in each of the three steps outlined
above. LO 1
© 2025 Cengage Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly 1
accessible website, in whole or in part.
,Solution and Answer Guide: Camm/Cochran/Fry/Ohlmann, Data Visualization - Exploring and Explaining with Data, 2nd Edition, © 2025,
9780357929766; Chapter 1: Introduction
Solution:
Step 1. Data visualization is descriptive analytics.
Step 2. A forecasting model is predictive analytics.
Step 3. An optimization mode is prescriptive analytics.
3. Wall Street Journal Subscriber Characteristics. A Wall Street Journal subscriber
survey asked a series of questions about subscriber characteristics and interests. State whether each
of the following questions provides categorical or quantitative data. LO 2
a. What is your age?
b. Are you male or female?
c. When did you first start reading the WSJ? High school, college, early career, midcareer, late
career, or retirement?
d. How long have you been in your present job or position?
e. What type of vehicle are you considering for your next purchase? Nine response categories
for this question include sedan, sports car, SUV, minivan, and so on.
Solution:
a. quantitative
b. categorical
c. categorical
d. quantitative
e. categorial
4. Comparing Smartwatches. Consumer Reports provides product evaluations for its subscribers. The
following table shows data from Consumer Reports for five smartwatches on the following
characteristics:
Overall Score—a score awarded for a variety of performance factors
Price—the retail price
Recommended—does Consumer Reports recommend purchasing the smartwatch based on
performance and strengths?
Best Buy—if Consumer Reports recommends purchasing the smartwatch, does it also consider it a
“best buy” based on a blend of performance and value?
For each of the four pieces of data, indicate whether the data are quantitative or categorical and
whether the data are cross-sectional or time series. LO 2
Make Overall Score Recommended Best Buy Price
Apple Watch Series 5 84 Yes No $395
Fitbit Versa 2 78 Yes Yes $200
Garmin Venu 77 Yes No $350
Fitbit Versa Lite 65 No No $100
Solution:
Overall Score and Price are quantitative. Recommended and Best Buy are categorical (both are yes
or no). All of these data are cross-sectional.
© 2025 Cengage Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly 2
accessible website, in whole or in part.
,Solution and Answer Guide: Camm/Cochran/Fry/Ohlmann, Data Visualization - Exploring and Explaining with Data, 2nd Edition, © 2025,
9780357929766; Chapter 1: Introduction
5. House Price and Square Footage. Suppose we want to better understand the relationship between
house price and square footage of the house, and we have collected house price and square footage
for 75 houses in a particular neighborhood of Cincinnati, Ohio, from the Zillow website on January 3,
2021. LO 2, 3
a. Are these data quantitative or categorical?
b. Are these data cross-sectional or times series?
c. Which of the following type of chart would provide the best display of these data? Explain your
answer.
i. Bar chart
ii. Column chart
iii. Scatter chart
Solution:
a. House price and square footage are quantitative.
b. The data were collected at a single point in time, so these data are cross-sectional.
c. iii Bar charts and column charts are better for categories. Here we do not have categories, we
have pairs of numerical data for each of 75 houses (price, square footage). Therefore, a
scatter chart with square footage as the horizontal axis and price as the vertical axis would be
appropriate.
6. Netflix Subscribers. The following chart displays the total number of Netflix subscribers from 2010 to
2019. LO 1, 2, 3
a. Are these data quantitative or categorical?
b. Are these data cross-sectional or time series?
c. What type of chart is this?
Solution:
a. Number of Netflix subscribers is quantitative.
b. Since these data are collected at several points in time, they are time series data.
c. This is a column chart.
7. U.S. Netflix Subscribers. Refer to the previous problem. Suppose that in addition to the total number
of Netflix subscribers, we have the number of those subscribers by year for the years 2010–2019 who
live in the United States. Our message is to emphasize how much of the growth is coming from the
United States. Which of the following types of charts would best display the data? Explain your
answer. LO 2, 3
© 2025 Cengage Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly 3
accessible website, in whole or in part.
,Solution and Answer Guide: Camm/Cochran/Fry/Ohlmann, Data Visualization - Exploring and Explaining with Data, 2nd Edition, © 2025,
9780357929766; Chapter 1: Introduction
i. Bar chart
ii. Clustered column chart
iii. Stacked column chart
iv. Stock chart
Solution:
A stacked column chart is most appropriate here as it will show the total number of subscribers
(height of the column) but also the same for U.S. subscribers (denoted by color within a column).
8. How Data Scientists Spend Their Day. The Wall Street Journal reported the results of a survey of
data scientists. The survey asked the data scientists how they spend their time. The following chart
shows the percentage of respondents who answered less than five hours per week or at least five
hours per week for the amount of time they spend on exploring data and on presenting analyses. LO
2, 3, 4
a. Are these data quantitative or categorical?
b. Are these data cross-sectional or time series?
c. What type of chart is this?
d. What conclusions can you make based on this chart?
Solution:
a. These data are categorical: exploring data and presenting analysis; less than or equal to four
hours per week or at least five hours per week.
b. These data are cross sectional since the survey was administered to a person at one point in
time.
c. The chart is a clustered bar chart (also known as a side-by-side bar chart).
d. Data scientists spend more time exploring data than presenting results.
9. Industries in the Dow Jones Industrial Index. Refer to the data on the Dow Jones Industrial Index
given in Table 1.3. The following chart displays the number of companies in each industry that make
up this index. LO 3
© 2025 Cengage Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly 4
accessible website, in whole or in part.
,Solution and Answer Guide: Camm/Cochran/Fry/Ohlmann, Data Visualization - Exploring and Explaining with Data, 2nd Edition, © 2025,
9780357929766; Chapter 1: Introduction
a. What type of chart is this?
b. Which industry has the highest number of companies in the Dow Jones Industrial Index?
Solution:
a. This is a bar chart.
b. Financial Services and Technology each have five companies in the Dow Jones Industrial Index.
10. Job Factors. The following chart is based on the same data used to construct Figure 1.3. The data
are percentages of respondents to a survey who listed various factors as most important when
making a job decision. LO 3, 4
a. What type of chart is this?
b. What is the fifth most-cited factor?
Solution:
a. This is a column chart.
b. The fifth most-cited factor is Industry (Day-to-day Work and Flexible Schedule tie for fourth).
© 2025 Cengage Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly 5
accessible website, in whole or in part.
,Solution and Answer Guide: Camm/Cochran/Fry/Ohlmann, Data Visualization - Exploring and Explaining with Data, 2nd Edition, © 2025,
9780357929766; Chapter 1: Introduction
11. Retirement Financial Concerns. The results of the American Institute of Certified Public
Accountants’ Personal Financial Planning Trends Survey indicated 48% of the clients had concerns
about outliving their money. The top reasons for these concerns and the percentage of respondents
who cited the reason were as follows. LO 3, 4
a. What type of chart is this?
b. Only 48% of the survey respondents had financial concerns about retirement (outliving their
money). What percentage of the total people surveyed had retirement health-care cost concerns?
Solution:
a. This is a bar chart.
b. 77% of 48% is 0.77x0.48 = 0.3696 or 36.96%.
12. Master’s Degree Program Recruiting. The recruiting process for a full-time master’s program in data
science consists of the following steps. The program director obtains email addresses of undergraduate
seniors who have taken the Graduate Record Exam (GRE) and expressed an interest in data science.
An email inviting the students to an online information session is sent. At the information session, faculty
discuss the program and answer questions. Students apply through a web portal. An admissions
committee makes an offer of admission (or not) along with any financial aid. If the person is admitted,
the person either accepts or rejects the offer. Consider the following chart. LO 3, 4
© 2025 Cengage Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly 6
accessible website, in whole or in part.
,Solution and Answer Guide: Camm/Cochran/Fry/Ohlmann, Data Visualization - Exploring and Explaining with Data, 2nd Edition, © 2025,
9780357929766; Chapter 1: Introduction
a. What type of chart is this?
b. Which of the following is the correct interpretation of the 21% for Enrolled?
i. Of those who were sent an email, 21% enrolled.
ii. Of those who were admitted, 21% enrolled.
iii. Of those who applied for admission, 21% enrolled.
iv. None of the above
Solution:
a. This is a funnel chart.
b. i.
13. Chemical Process Control. The following chart is a quality control chart of the temperature of a
chemical manufacturing process. What observations can you make about the process? LO 3
Solution:
The process appears to be in control. Only one point is outside the control limits
(hour 11), and it barely exceeds the upper limit. However, the last five data points exhibit an upward
trend and might be cause for concern. The temperature should be monitored closely moving forward.
14. Buying a Used Car. The following chart shows data for a sample of 18 used cars of the same brand,
model, and year. LO 2, 3, 4
© 2025 Cengage Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly 7
accessible website, in whole or in part.
, Solution and Answer Guide: Camm/Cochran/Fry/Ohlmann, Data Visualization - Exploring and Explaining with Data, 2nd Edition, © 2025,
9780357929766; Chapter 1: Introduction
a. Are these data quantitative or categorical?
b. What type of chart is this?
c. How might you use this chart to find a used car to purchase?
Solution:
a. Price and mileage are both quantitative.
b. This is a scatter chart.
c. You could identify a potentially good deal by looking for low mileage (to the left on the horizontal
axis) and low price (lower on the vertical axis). Two potential good deals are shown in the
following chart (circled and in red).
© 2025 Cengage Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly 8
accessible website, in whole or in part.
Exploring and Explaining with Data 2nd Edition by
Jeffrey D. Camm
Notes
1- The file is chapter after chapter.
2- We have shown you few pages sample.
3- The file contains all Appendix and Excel sheet
if it exists.
4- We have all what you need, we make update
at every time. There are many new editions
waiting you.
5- If you think you purchased the wrong file You
can contact us at every time, we can replace it
with true one.
Our email:
,Solution and Answer Guide: Camm/Cochran/Fry/Ohlmann, Data Visualization - Exploring and Explaining with Data, 2nd Edition, © 2025,
9780357929766; Chapter 1: Introduction
Solution and Answer Guide
CAMM/COCHRAN/FRY/OHLMANN, DATA VISUALIZATION - EXPLORING AND EXPLAINING WITH
DATA, 2ND EDITION, © 2025, 9780357929766; CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
TABLE OF CONTENTS
End of Section Problem Solutions ............................................................................................ 1
END OF SECTION PROBLEM SOLUTIONS
1. Types of Analytics. Indicate which type of analytics (descriptive, predictive, or prescriptive analytics)
each of the following represents. LO 1
a. a data dashboard
b. a model that finds the production schedule that minimizes overtime
c. a model that forecasts sales for the next quarter
d. a bar chart
e. a model that allocates your financial investments to achieve your financial goal
Solution:
a. descriptive
b. prescriptive
c. predictive
d. descriptive
e. prescriptive
2. Transportation Planning. An analytics professional is asked to plan the shipment of a product for
the next quarter. She employs the following process:
Step 1. For each of the 12 distribution centers, she plots the quarterly demand for the product over
the last three years.
Step 2. Based on the plot for each distribution center, she develops a forecasting model to forecast
demand for next quarter for each distribution center.
Step 3. She takes the forecast for next quarter for each distribution center and inputs those
forecasts, along with the capacities of the company’s four factories and transportation rates
from each factory to each distribution center, into an optimization model. The optimization
model suggests a shipping plan that minimizes the cost of how to satisfy the forecasted
demand from the company’s four different factories to the distribution centers.
Describe the type of analytics being utilized in each of the three steps outlined
above. LO 1
© 2025 Cengage Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly 1
accessible website, in whole or in part.
,Solution and Answer Guide: Camm/Cochran/Fry/Ohlmann, Data Visualization - Exploring and Explaining with Data, 2nd Edition, © 2025,
9780357929766; Chapter 1: Introduction
Solution:
Step 1. Data visualization is descriptive analytics.
Step 2. A forecasting model is predictive analytics.
Step 3. An optimization mode is prescriptive analytics.
3. Wall Street Journal Subscriber Characteristics. A Wall Street Journal subscriber
survey asked a series of questions about subscriber characteristics and interests. State whether each
of the following questions provides categorical or quantitative data. LO 2
a. What is your age?
b. Are you male or female?
c. When did you first start reading the WSJ? High school, college, early career, midcareer, late
career, or retirement?
d. How long have you been in your present job or position?
e. What type of vehicle are you considering for your next purchase? Nine response categories
for this question include sedan, sports car, SUV, minivan, and so on.
Solution:
a. quantitative
b. categorical
c. categorical
d. quantitative
e. categorial
4. Comparing Smartwatches. Consumer Reports provides product evaluations for its subscribers. The
following table shows data from Consumer Reports for five smartwatches on the following
characteristics:
Overall Score—a score awarded for a variety of performance factors
Price—the retail price
Recommended—does Consumer Reports recommend purchasing the smartwatch based on
performance and strengths?
Best Buy—if Consumer Reports recommends purchasing the smartwatch, does it also consider it a
“best buy” based on a blend of performance and value?
For each of the four pieces of data, indicate whether the data are quantitative or categorical and
whether the data are cross-sectional or time series. LO 2
Make Overall Score Recommended Best Buy Price
Apple Watch Series 5 84 Yes No $395
Fitbit Versa 2 78 Yes Yes $200
Garmin Venu 77 Yes No $350
Fitbit Versa Lite 65 No No $100
Solution:
Overall Score and Price are quantitative. Recommended and Best Buy are categorical (both are yes
or no). All of these data are cross-sectional.
© 2025 Cengage Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly 2
accessible website, in whole or in part.
,Solution and Answer Guide: Camm/Cochran/Fry/Ohlmann, Data Visualization - Exploring and Explaining with Data, 2nd Edition, © 2025,
9780357929766; Chapter 1: Introduction
5. House Price and Square Footage. Suppose we want to better understand the relationship between
house price and square footage of the house, and we have collected house price and square footage
for 75 houses in a particular neighborhood of Cincinnati, Ohio, from the Zillow website on January 3,
2021. LO 2, 3
a. Are these data quantitative or categorical?
b. Are these data cross-sectional or times series?
c. Which of the following type of chart would provide the best display of these data? Explain your
answer.
i. Bar chart
ii. Column chart
iii. Scatter chart
Solution:
a. House price and square footage are quantitative.
b. The data were collected at a single point in time, so these data are cross-sectional.
c. iii Bar charts and column charts are better for categories. Here we do not have categories, we
have pairs of numerical data for each of 75 houses (price, square footage). Therefore, a
scatter chart with square footage as the horizontal axis and price as the vertical axis would be
appropriate.
6. Netflix Subscribers. The following chart displays the total number of Netflix subscribers from 2010 to
2019. LO 1, 2, 3
a. Are these data quantitative or categorical?
b. Are these data cross-sectional or time series?
c. What type of chart is this?
Solution:
a. Number of Netflix subscribers is quantitative.
b. Since these data are collected at several points in time, they are time series data.
c. This is a column chart.
7. U.S. Netflix Subscribers. Refer to the previous problem. Suppose that in addition to the total number
of Netflix subscribers, we have the number of those subscribers by year for the years 2010–2019 who
live in the United States. Our message is to emphasize how much of the growth is coming from the
United States. Which of the following types of charts would best display the data? Explain your
answer. LO 2, 3
© 2025 Cengage Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly 3
accessible website, in whole or in part.
,Solution and Answer Guide: Camm/Cochran/Fry/Ohlmann, Data Visualization - Exploring and Explaining with Data, 2nd Edition, © 2025,
9780357929766; Chapter 1: Introduction
i. Bar chart
ii. Clustered column chart
iii. Stacked column chart
iv. Stock chart
Solution:
A stacked column chart is most appropriate here as it will show the total number of subscribers
(height of the column) but also the same for U.S. subscribers (denoted by color within a column).
8. How Data Scientists Spend Their Day. The Wall Street Journal reported the results of a survey of
data scientists. The survey asked the data scientists how they spend their time. The following chart
shows the percentage of respondents who answered less than five hours per week or at least five
hours per week for the amount of time they spend on exploring data and on presenting analyses. LO
2, 3, 4
a. Are these data quantitative or categorical?
b. Are these data cross-sectional or time series?
c. What type of chart is this?
d. What conclusions can you make based on this chart?
Solution:
a. These data are categorical: exploring data and presenting analysis; less than or equal to four
hours per week or at least five hours per week.
b. These data are cross sectional since the survey was administered to a person at one point in
time.
c. The chart is a clustered bar chart (also known as a side-by-side bar chart).
d. Data scientists spend more time exploring data than presenting results.
9. Industries in the Dow Jones Industrial Index. Refer to the data on the Dow Jones Industrial Index
given in Table 1.3. The following chart displays the number of companies in each industry that make
up this index. LO 3
© 2025 Cengage Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly 4
accessible website, in whole or in part.
,Solution and Answer Guide: Camm/Cochran/Fry/Ohlmann, Data Visualization - Exploring and Explaining with Data, 2nd Edition, © 2025,
9780357929766; Chapter 1: Introduction
a. What type of chart is this?
b. Which industry has the highest number of companies in the Dow Jones Industrial Index?
Solution:
a. This is a bar chart.
b. Financial Services and Technology each have five companies in the Dow Jones Industrial Index.
10. Job Factors. The following chart is based on the same data used to construct Figure 1.3. The data
are percentages of respondents to a survey who listed various factors as most important when
making a job decision. LO 3, 4
a. What type of chart is this?
b. What is the fifth most-cited factor?
Solution:
a. This is a column chart.
b. The fifth most-cited factor is Industry (Day-to-day Work and Flexible Schedule tie for fourth).
© 2025 Cengage Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly 5
accessible website, in whole or in part.
,Solution and Answer Guide: Camm/Cochran/Fry/Ohlmann, Data Visualization - Exploring and Explaining with Data, 2nd Edition, © 2025,
9780357929766; Chapter 1: Introduction
11. Retirement Financial Concerns. The results of the American Institute of Certified Public
Accountants’ Personal Financial Planning Trends Survey indicated 48% of the clients had concerns
about outliving their money. The top reasons for these concerns and the percentage of respondents
who cited the reason were as follows. LO 3, 4
a. What type of chart is this?
b. Only 48% of the survey respondents had financial concerns about retirement (outliving their
money). What percentage of the total people surveyed had retirement health-care cost concerns?
Solution:
a. This is a bar chart.
b. 77% of 48% is 0.77x0.48 = 0.3696 or 36.96%.
12. Master’s Degree Program Recruiting. The recruiting process for a full-time master’s program in data
science consists of the following steps. The program director obtains email addresses of undergraduate
seniors who have taken the Graduate Record Exam (GRE) and expressed an interest in data science.
An email inviting the students to an online information session is sent. At the information session, faculty
discuss the program and answer questions. Students apply through a web portal. An admissions
committee makes an offer of admission (or not) along with any financial aid. If the person is admitted,
the person either accepts or rejects the offer. Consider the following chart. LO 3, 4
© 2025 Cengage Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly 6
accessible website, in whole or in part.
,Solution and Answer Guide: Camm/Cochran/Fry/Ohlmann, Data Visualization - Exploring and Explaining with Data, 2nd Edition, © 2025,
9780357929766; Chapter 1: Introduction
a. What type of chart is this?
b. Which of the following is the correct interpretation of the 21% for Enrolled?
i. Of those who were sent an email, 21% enrolled.
ii. Of those who were admitted, 21% enrolled.
iii. Of those who applied for admission, 21% enrolled.
iv. None of the above
Solution:
a. This is a funnel chart.
b. i.
13. Chemical Process Control. The following chart is a quality control chart of the temperature of a
chemical manufacturing process. What observations can you make about the process? LO 3
Solution:
The process appears to be in control. Only one point is outside the control limits
(hour 11), and it barely exceeds the upper limit. However, the last five data points exhibit an upward
trend and might be cause for concern. The temperature should be monitored closely moving forward.
14. Buying a Used Car. The following chart shows data for a sample of 18 used cars of the same brand,
model, and year. LO 2, 3, 4
© 2025 Cengage Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly 7
accessible website, in whole or in part.
, Solution and Answer Guide: Camm/Cochran/Fry/Ohlmann, Data Visualization - Exploring and Explaining with Data, 2nd Edition, © 2025,
9780357929766; Chapter 1: Introduction
a. Are these data quantitative or categorical?
b. What type of chart is this?
c. How might you use this chart to find a used car to purchase?
Solution:
a. Price and mileage are both quantitative.
b. This is a scatter chart.
c. You could identify a potentially good deal by looking for low mileage (to the left on the horizontal
axis) and low price (lower on the vertical axis). Two potential good deals are shown in the
following chart (circled and in red).
© 2025 Cengage Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly 8
accessible website, in whole or in part.
