RIVERS:
River basin: This is the area drained by a river and its tributaries endorsed by the water shield.
All the water entering the drainage basin from precipitation and melting ice and snow ends up in
the river.
Interception: Precipitating falling unto the drainage basin can be intercepted by the leaves of
trees and by ground vegetation.
Infiltration: Some of the precipitation reaches the ground and continues downwards through the
soil.
Overland flow: Some of the precipitation reaching the ground flows over the surface until it
reaches the river channel.
Evaporation: Water from the trees, vegetation or lying in the ground or in the river channels can
be evaporated back into the atmosphere.
Throughtflows: Infiltrating water continues down the soil towards the river channels
Groundwater flow: Some infiltrated water continues to the pores and cracks in the underlying
rocks and flows towards the river groundwater.
, LONG RIVER PROFILE:
As the river advances downwards in the long river profile, it gets wider as more water is added to
it, the river bed gets flatter and as it has more water it also flows with greater force.
River hazards:
● Flooding
● River erosion in terrain
● Areas like this are always prone to some infections from vectors that breeds on or
around water lodged areas such as mosquitoes which are one of the most disease
transmitter animals.
River opportunities:
● Wide availability of water
● Provides jobs; like fishing
● Provides hydroelectricity in some areas
● Soil near rivers is very fertile, aswell it has almost constant water flow so crop grow very
easily
● One of the main transportation routes for trading
Explain what can be done to manage the impacts of river flooding:
● Construct buildings and houses above flood level
● Build dams and channels on the main course in order to take off water from the river
● Permanent solid flood walls and banks
● Glass Floodwall
River basin: This is the area drained by a river and its tributaries endorsed by the water shield.
All the water entering the drainage basin from precipitation and melting ice and snow ends up in
the river.
Interception: Precipitating falling unto the drainage basin can be intercepted by the leaves of
trees and by ground vegetation.
Infiltration: Some of the precipitation reaches the ground and continues downwards through the
soil.
Overland flow: Some of the precipitation reaching the ground flows over the surface until it
reaches the river channel.
Evaporation: Water from the trees, vegetation or lying in the ground or in the river channels can
be evaporated back into the atmosphere.
Throughtflows: Infiltrating water continues down the soil towards the river channels
Groundwater flow: Some infiltrated water continues to the pores and cracks in the underlying
rocks and flows towards the river groundwater.
, LONG RIVER PROFILE:
As the river advances downwards in the long river profile, it gets wider as more water is added to
it, the river bed gets flatter and as it has more water it also flows with greater force.
River hazards:
● Flooding
● River erosion in terrain
● Areas like this are always prone to some infections from vectors that breeds on or
around water lodged areas such as mosquitoes which are one of the most disease
transmitter animals.
River opportunities:
● Wide availability of water
● Provides jobs; like fishing
● Provides hydroelectricity in some areas
● Soil near rivers is very fertile, aswell it has almost constant water flow so crop grow very
easily
● One of the main transportation routes for trading
Explain what can be done to manage the impacts of river flooding:
● Construct buildings and houses above flood level
● Build dams and channels on the main course in order to take off water from the river
● Permanent solid flood walls and banks
● Glass Floodwall
