Nutrition 313 Exam 1 Questions and
Answers 2026 Update
What are DRIs and who are they used for? - Correct Answers ✅DRIs
(Dietary Reference Intakes) are used to assess the nutritional adequacy of
individuals as well as populations (healthy people)
What are the 4 standards under the umbrella of DRIs and what do they
determine? - Correct Answers ✅- RDA (Recommended Dietary Allowance):
used to ensure adequate intake of a nutrient in an individual, decrease risk of
certain chronic diseases
- AI (Adequate Intake): used to assess nutrient adequacy when no RDA is set
(tentative RDA's)
- EAR (Estimated Average Requirement): estimated values to meet
requirements of half the healthy individuals in a group, used to assess
adequacy of intakes of population groups
- UL (Tolerable Upper Intake): used to assess the likelihood of nutrient excess
or level in which a nutrient becomes toxic
What is the ripple effect? - Correct Answers ✅dietary changes introduced
to improve intake of one nutrient affect intake levels of other nutrients
What are the 7 steps in developing a deficiency? - Correct Answers ✅1.
Inadequate nutrient intake
2. Depletion of tissue reserves of the nutrient
3. Decreased blood nutrient level
4. Insufficient nutrient available to cells
5. Impaired cellular functions
6. Physical signs and symptoms of deficiency
7. Long-term impairment of health
,Nutrition 313 Exam 1 Questions and
Answers 2026 Update
What are the 7 steps in developing toxicity of a nutrient? - Correct Answers
✅1. Excessive nutrient intake
2. Saturation of tissue reserves of the nutrient
3. Increased blood nutrient level
4. Excessive nutrient available to cells
5. Impaired cellular functions
6. Physical signs and symptoms of toxicity
7. Long-term impairment of health
What is daily values? (DVs) - Correct Answers ✅daily values are standards
for daily intakes of nutrients used on a nutrition label (based on intakes of
2000 cals per day in adults and children aged 4 and up)
Is the DV for proteins required? - Correct Answers ✅no, only if the product
makes a protein claim or the product is used for children or infants less than
4 years of age
How are the ingredients on a food label listed? - Correct Answers
✅ingredients are listed in descending order of weight
What's the rule for Daily Value Quick Guide? - Correct Answers ✅5% or
less is too low and 20% or higher is too much
What is enrichment? - Correct Answers ✅refined grain products have
added thiamin, niacin, riboflavin, and iron
What is fortification? - Correct Answers ✅addition of any other nutrient
ex. refined flour--> folic acid
, Nutrition 313 Exam 1 Questions and
Answers 2026 Update
milk-->vitamin D
low-fat and skim milk-->vitamins A and D
some salt-->iodine
What 4 micronutrients are on food labels and why? - Correct Answers ✅-
Vitamin A, Calcium, Vitamin C, Iron
- getting enough of these nutrients can improve overall health and may
reduce the risk of several chronic diseases
What are herbal remedies considered as by the FDA, and what's the concern
behind them? - Correct Answers ✅- dietary supplements
- some act as drugs, have side effects; vary in their safety and effectiveness
Whats another name for functional foods, and what are they? - Correct
Answers ✅- nutraceuticals
- foods made "functional" by removing harmful or increasing beneficial
substances
ex. removing cholesterol from egg yolks, adding calcium and vitamin C to
orange juice; or adding beneficial compounds like friendly bacteria
(probiotics)
What is a prebiotic? - Correct Answers ✅fiber-like, ingestible CHO broken
down by bacteria (wheat, barely, onions, garlic)
What is a probiotic? - Correct Answers ✅live, beneficial bacteria entering
food during fermentation and aging (fermented or aged milk and milk
products; other fermented products like soy sauce)
Answers 2026 Update
What are DRIs and who are they used for? - Correct Answers ✅DRIs
(Dietary Reference Intakes) are used to assess the nutritional adequacy of
individuals as well as populations (healthy people)
What are the 4 standards under the umbrella of DRIs and what do they
determine? - Correct Answers ✅- RDA (Recommended Dietary Allowance):
used to ensure adequate intake of a nutrient in an individual, decrease risk of
certain chronic diseases
- AI (Adequate Intake): used to assess nutrient adequacy when no RDA is set
(tentative RDA's)
- EAR (Estimated Average Requirement): estimated values to meet
requirements of half the healthy individuals in a group, used to assess
adequacy of intakes of population groups
- UL (Tolerable Upper Intake): used to assess the likelihood of nutrient excess
or level in which a nutrient becomes toxic
What is the ripple effect? - Correct Answers ✅dietary changes introduced
to improve intake of one nutrient affect intake levels of other nutrients
What are the 7 steps in developing a deficiency? - Correct Answers ✅1.
Inadequate nutrient intake
2. Depletion of tissue reserves of the nutrient
3. Decreased blood nutrient level
4. Insufficient nutrient available to cells
5. Impaired cellular functions
6. Physical signs and symptoms of deficiency
7. Long-term impairment of health
,Nutrition 313 Exam 1 Questions and
Answers 2026 Update
What are the 7 steps in developing toxicity of a nutrient? - Correct Answers
✅1. Excessive nutrient intake
2. Saturation of tissue reserves of the nutrient
3. Increased blood nutrient level
4. Excessive nutrient available to cells
5. Impaired cellular functions
6. Physical signs and symptoms of toxicity
7. Long-term impairment of health
What is daily values? (DVs) - Correct Answers ✅daily values are standards
for daily intakes of nutrients used on a nutrition label (based on intakes of
2000 cals per day in adults and children aged 4 and up)
Is the DV for proteins required? - Correct Answers ✅no, only if the product
makes a protein claim or the product is used for children or infants less than
4 years of age
How are the ingredients on a food label listed? - Correct Answers
✅ingredients are listed in descending order of weight
What's the rule for Daily Value Quick Guide? - Correct Answers ✅5% or
less is too low and 20% or higher is too much
What is enrichment? - Correct Answers ✅refined grain products have
added thiamin, niacin, riboflavin, and iron
What is fortification? - Correct Answers ✅addition of any other nutrient
ex. refined flour--> folic acid
, Nutrition 313 Exam 1 Questions and
Answers 2026 Update
milk-->vitamin D
low-fat and skim milk-->vitamins A and D
some salt-->iodine
What 4 micronutrients are on food labels and why? - Correct Answers ✅-
Vitamin A, Calcium, Vitamin C, Iron
- getting enough of these nutrients can improve overall health and may
reduce the risk of several chronic diseases
What are herbal remedies considered as by the FDA, and what's the concern
behind them? - Correct Answers ✅- dietary supplements
- some act as drugs, have side effects; vary in their safety and effectiveness
Whats another name for functional foods, and what are they? - Correct
Answers ✅- nutraceuticals
- foods made "functional" by removing harmful or increasing beneficial
substances
ex. removing cholesterol from egg yolks, adding calcium and vitamin C to
orange juice; or adding beneficial compounds like friendly bacteria
(probiotics)
What is a prebiotic? - Correct Answers ✅fiber-like, ingestible CHO broken
down by bacteria (wheat, barely, onions, garlic)
What is a probiotic? - Correct Answers ✅live, beneficial bacteria entering
food during fermentation and aging (fermented or aged milk and milk
products; other fermented products like soy sauce)
