Pathophysiology BIOD 331 Module 1 Exam with Questions and Answers

Pathophysiology BIOD 331 Module 1 Exam with Questions and Answers What is epithelial tissue and its characteristics? ANSWER Epithelial tissue: covers body's outer surface, lines inner surfaces, and forms glandular tissue. It is avascular and draws oxygen and nutrients from capillaries of the connective tissue on which it rests. What is connective tissue and its characteristics? ANSWER Connective tissue: produces extracellular matrix that supports and holds tissues together. Two categories are connective tissue proper (consisting of loose, adipose, reticular, and dense connective tissues) and specialized connective tissue, which includes cartilage and bone What is muscle tissue? ANSWER Muscle tissue: moves the skeletal structures, pumps blood through the heart. Three types: skeletal, cardiac, and smooth What is nervous tissue? ANSWER Nervous tissue: found throughout body and used for communication between peripheral tissues and central nervous system. Senses and moves about the environment. Two types of cells: glial (supporting neurons) and neurons (function in communication) What is atrophy and what causes it? ANSWER Atrophy is the decrease of an organ or tissue due to a decrease in the mass of pre-existing cells. Can be caused by disuse, nutritional or oxygen deprivation, aging, diminished endocrine stimulation, or denervation. What is hypertrophy? ANSWER Hypertrophy is the increase of the size of an organ or tissue due to an increase in the size of the cells that comprise it. An increase of workload causes protein synthesis and the size and number of intracellular organelles are all increased.