stahl's essential psychopharmacology neuroscientific basis and practical applications 5th edition | complete guide | Chapter 1-13 | Complete Questions And Answers A+ Test bank

StahlsEssentialPsychopharmacology5thEdition
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Test Bank.
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, Stahl'sEssential Psychopharmacology 78 78




NeuroscientificBasisandPracticalApplications5th EditionTestbank/Study Guide 78 78 78 78 78 78 78 78




Chapter1 Chemicalneurotransmission 78 78 78




MULTIPLECHOICE 78




1. A patient with depression mentions to the nurse, My mother says depression is a
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chemicaldisorder.Whatdoesshemean?Thenurses responseis basedonthetheory that
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depression primarily involves which of the following neurotransmitters?
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a. CortisolandGABA 78 78




b. COMT and glutamate 78 78




c. Monamineandglycine 78 78




d. Serotoninandnorepinephrine 78 78




ANS: D
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Onepossible cause ofdepression isthought toinvolveoneormoreneurotransmitters.
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Serotonin and norepinephrine have been found to be important in the regulation of
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depression.Thereis noresearch tosupport thattheotheroptions play asignificant role in
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the development of depression.
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2. A patient has experienced a stroke (cerebral vascular accident) that has resulted in
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damage to the Broca area. Which evaluation does the nurse conduct to reinforce this
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diagnosis?
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a. Observingthe patient pickup aspoon 78 78 78 78 78 78




b. Askingthepatient torecitethe alphabet 78 78 78 78 78 78




c. Monitoringthepatientsbloodpressure 78 78 78 78




d. Comparingthepatientsgripstrengthinbothhands 78 78 78 78 78 78 78




ANS: B
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Accidentsorstrokesthatdamage Brocas area mayresultintheinability tospeak (i.e.,
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motoraphasia).Finemotorskills,bloodpressurecontrol,andmusclestrengtharenot controlled by
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the Broca area of the left frontal lobe.
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3. The patient diagnosed with schizophrenia asks why psychotropic medications are
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alwaysprescribedbythedoctor.Thenursesanswerwillbebasedoninformationthat the
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therapeutic action of psychotropic drugs is the result of their effect on:
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a. Thetemporallobe;especiallyWernickesarea 78 78 78 78 78




b. Dendritesandtheirabilitytotransmitelectricalimpulses 78 78 78 78 78 78 78




c. Theregulationofneurotransmittersespeciallydopamine
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d. Theperipheralnervoussystemsensitivitytothepsychotropicmedications
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,ANS: C 78




Medicationsusedtotreatpsychiatricdisordersoperateinandaroundthesynapticcleft and 78 78 78 78 78 78 78 78 78 78 78 78 78




have action at the neurotransmitter level, especially in the case of schizophrenia, on
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dopamine. The Wernickes area, dendrite function, or the sensitivity of the peripheral
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nervous system are not relevant to either schizophrenia or psychotropic medications.
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4. Astudentnursemutters thatitseems entirelyunnecessarytohavetostrugglewith
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understanding the anatomy and physiology of the neurologic system. The mentor would
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base a response on the understanding that it is:
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Necessarybutgenerallyforpsychiatricnurseswhofocusprimarilyon 78 78 78 78 78 78 78 78 78




a. behavioralinterventions 78




Acomplexundertakingthatadvancepracticepsychiatricnursesfrequentlyuse in
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b. their practice
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Importantprimarilyforthenursingassessmentofpatientswithbrain traumacaused 78 78 78 78 78 78 78 78 78 78




c. cognitive symptoms
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Necessaryforplanningpsychiatriccareforallpatientsespeciallythose 78 78 78 78 78 78 78 78 78




d. experiencing psychiatric disorders
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ANS: D 78




Nurses must understand that many symptoms of psychiatric disorders have a neurologic
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basis, although the symptoms are manifested behaviorally. This understandingfacilitates
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effectivecareplanning.Thefoundationofknowledgeisnot used exclusively by advanced
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practice psychiatric nurses nor is it relevant for only behavior therapies or brain trauma
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since dealing with the results of normal and abnormalbrain function is aresponsibility of all
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nurses providing all types of care to the psychiatric patient.
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5. A patientasks the nurse,My wifehas breastcancer.Could it becausedby her chronic
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depression? Which response is supported by research data?
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a. Too much stress has been proven to causeallkinds of cancer. 78 78 78 78 78 78 78 78 78 78 78




b. Therehave been noresearch studies done onstress anddisease yet. 78 78 78 78 78 78 78 78 78 78 78




c. Stressdoescause thereleaseoffactorsthatsuppress theimmune system. 78 78 78 78 78 78 78 78 78 78 78




d. Thereappears tobelittleconnectionbetweenstressanddiseases ofthebody ANS:
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C
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Researchindicatesthatstresscausesareleaseofcorticotropin-releasingfactorsthat
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suppress theimmunesystem. Studies indicate thatpsychiatric disorders such as mood
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disordersaresometimesassociatedwithdecreasedfunctioningoftheimmunesystem.
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Research does not support a connection between many cancers and stress. There is a
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significant amount of research about stress and the body. Research has shown that there are
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some connections between stress and physical disease.
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, 6. A patient who has a parietal lobe injury is being evaluated for psychiatric rehabilitation
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needs.Oftheaspectsoffunctioninglisted,whichwillthenurseidentify as a focus of nursing
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intervention?
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a. Expressionofemotion 78 78




b. Detectingauditorystimuli 78 78




c. Receivingvisualimages 78 78




d. Processing associations 78




ANS: D
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Theparietallobeisresponsibleforassociatingandprocessingsensoryinformation
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that allows for functions such as following directions on a map, reading a clock, dressing
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self, keeping appointments, and distinguishing right from left. Emotional expression is
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associated with frontal lobe function. Detecting auditory stimuli is a temporallobe
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function.Receivingvisualimagesisrelatedtooccipitallobefunction.
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7. At admission,thenurselearnsthatsometime agothe patienthadaninfarctinthe right
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cerebral cortex. During assessment, the nurse would expect to find that the patient:
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a. Demonstratesmajordeficienciesinspeech 78 78 78 78




b. Is unableto effectively hold aspoon inthe left hand
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c. Hasdifficultyexplaininghowto goabout usingthetelephone
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d. Cannotusehis righthandtoshavehimselforcombhis ownhair ANS: 78 78 78 78 78 78 78 78 78 78 78 78 78




B
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Thecerebralhemispheresareresponsible forfunctions suchascontrolofmuscles.
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Therighthemispheremainlycontrolsthemotorandsensoryfunctionsontheleftside of the
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body. Damage to the right side would result in impaired function on the left side of the
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body. The motor cortex controls voluntary motor activity. Brocas area controls motor
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speech. Cognitive functions are attributed to the association cortex.
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Therightsideofthebodys motoractivityiscontrolledbythe leftcerebral cortex.
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8. Apatientwithchronicschizophreniahadastrokeinvolvingthehippocampus.The
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patient will be discharged on low doses of haloperidol. The nurse will need to
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individualize the patients medication teaching by:
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a. Includingthepatients caregiverintheeducation 78 78 78 78 78 78




b. Beingcarefultostresstheimportanceoftakingthemedicationasprescribed
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Providing the education at a time when the patient is emotionally calm and
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c. relaxed
Encouragingthepatienttocrushordissolvethemedicationtohelpwith swallowing 78 78 78 78 78 78 78 78 78 78 78 78




d.
ANS: A 78




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