NYU PHARMACOLOGY EXAM 1 2026
ACTUAL QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED
ANSWERS GRADED A+
⩥ Digitalis (Digoxin) (Cardiac Glycoside). Answer: Indication: HF
- narrow tp range
-antidote: digoxin immune fab.
MOA: inhibits NA/k pump to inc Ca to DECREASE HR
Induces INC intracelluar sodium drives Ca into heart and INCREASE
CONTRACTILITY
AE:
-bradycardia
-dysrhythmias
-anorexia, N/V
-headache
-blurred or yellow vision
TOXICITY:
,- anorexia, N/V, green or yellow halos, bradycardia premature
ventricular contractions, cardiac dysrhythmias, confusion, delirium for
elderly
R4 toxicity:
- low K+
-renal failure
-loop diuretics
-Hypercalcemia
Considerations:
- pulse full min apical prior to taking
-eyes on periph/pulm edema
-MONITOR K + CREATININE!
INTERACTIONS:
-duretics = hypoK
-Cortison= Na retention / hypoK
-antacids = dec digitalis absorption
⩥ Classic (stable) angina. Answer: Stress, exertion induced, cause
narrowing of arteries
,⩥ Unstable (preinfarction) angina. Answer: Occurs frequently with
progressive severity unrelated to activity; unpredictable regarding
stress/exertion and intensity
DT artery narrowing/partial occlusion
⩥ Variant (vasospastic) angina. Answer: Occurs during rest
Caused by vessel spasm (Vasospasm)
⩥ Nitroglycerin. Answer: Indication: Angina
- subling = most comon= avoids first pass via liver = inc ABSORPTION
- max 3 doses, 5 mins apart
*TAKE DOSE 1 LAYING DOWN, CALL 911 IF PAIN PERSISTS
+5MINS*
**AVOID WEATHER EXTREMES!**
**avoid alcohol + extreme exercise!**
*rotate patch site. PATCH OFF FOR BEDTIME!*
MOA:
- relax smooth musc + vasodilate
- dec myocardial 02 demand
-dec preload
-dec afterload
, -dec peripheral vasc resistance
AE:
- headache tx w/ acetaminophen
- de BP/dizzy
-REBOUND MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA IF NOT TAPER!!!!
- reflex tachy if given to quickly
-circulatory collapse 911
Considerations:
-hypotension
- HOLD SBP <90!!!!
-sit/lay down esp 1st dose!!!!!
-DO NOT PLACE TOPICAL NITRO IN AREA OF
CARDIOVERTER/DEFIB PADDLE PLACEMENT!!!!!
INTERACTIONS:
- inc hypotension if given with
* beta blockers
* Ca channel blockers
* antiHTN
* alcohol
ACTUAL QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED
ANSWERS GRADED A+
⩥ Digitalis (Digoxin) (Cardiac Glycoside). Answer: Indication: HF
- narrow tp range
-antidote: digoxin immune fab.
MOA: inhibits NA/k pump to inc Ca to DECREASE HR
Induces INC intracelluar sodium drives Ca into heart and INCREASE
CONTRACTILITY
AE:
-bradycardia
-dysrhythmias
-anorexia, N/V
-headache
-blurred or yellow vision
TOXICITY:
,- anorexia, N/V, green or yellow halos, bradycardia premature
ventricular contractions, cardiac dysrhythmias, confusion, delirium for
elderly
R4 toxicity:
- low K+
-renal failure
-loop diuretics
-Hypercalcemia
Considerations:
- pulse full min apical prior to taking
-eyes on periph/pulm edema
-MONITOR K + CREATININE!
INTERACTIONS:
-duretics = hypoK
-Cortison= Na retention / hypoK
-antacids = dec digitalis absorption
⩥ Classic (stable) angina. Answer: Stress, exertion induced, cause
narrowing of arteries
,⩥ Unstable (preinfarction) angina. Answer: Occurs frequently with
progressive severity unrelated to activity; unpredictable regarding
stress/exertion and intensity
DT artery narrowing/partial occlusion
⩥ Variant (vasospastic) angina. Answer: Occurs during rest
Caused by vessel spasm (Vasospasm)
⩥ Nitroglycerin. Answer: Indication: Angina
- subling = most comon= avoids first pass via liver = inc ABSORPTION
- max 3 doses, 5 mins apart
*TAKE DOSE 1 LAYING DOWN, CALL 911 IF PAIN PERSISTS
+5MINS*
**AVOID WEATHER EXTREMES!**
**avoid alcohol + extreme exercise!**
*rotate patch site. PATCH OFF FOR BEDTIME!*
MOA:
- relax smooth musc + vasodilate
- dec myocardial 02 demand
-dec preload
-dec afterload
, -dec peripheral vasc resistance
AE:
- headache tx w/ acetaminophen
- de BP/dizzy
-REBOUND MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA IF NOT TAPER!!!!
- reflex tachy if given to quickly
-circulatory collapse 911
Considerations:
-hypotension
- HOLD SBP <90!!!!
-sit/lay down esp 1st dose!!!!!
-DO NOT PLACE TOPICAL NITRO IN AREA OF
CARDIOVERTER/DEFIB PADDLE PLACEMENT!!!!!
INTERACTIONS:
- inc hypotension if given with
* beta blockers
* Ca channel blockers
* antiHTN
* alcohol
