NYU PHARMACOLOGY FINAL EXAM PAPER
2026 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED
A+
◉ Broad spectrum penicillin. Answer: ampicillin, used for gram + and
gram -
◉ Extended spectrum penicillin. Answer: Piperacillin, used for more
gram -
bone, joint, skin, soft tissue, respiratory tract, urinary tract infections
◉ Penicillin MOA. Answer: interferes with cell wall synthesis,
bactericidal
◉ Penicillin Adverse reactions. Answer: GI distress, superinfection, 5%-
10% of pts have allergy
◉ Penicillin contrainciations. Answer: hx of allergy/anaphylaxis; renal
insufficiency
◉ Bactericidal. Answer: kills bacteria
,◉ Bacteriostatic. Answer: inhibits bacterial growth
◉ Beta lactamase inhibitor. Answer: Tazobactam
◉ tazobactam use. Answer: treat bite wound infections, bloodstream
infections, DM foot infections, intra-abdominal infections, pneumonia,
sepsis
◉ Tazobactam Adverse reactions. Answer: GI distress, superinfection,
headache, insomina
◉ Cephalosporins MOA. Answer: inhibit cell wall synthesis;
bactericidal
◉ Cephalosporins adverse effects. Answer: GI distress, nephrotoxicity,
decresed seizure threshold, 5%-10% allergic
◉ 1st generation cephalosporins. Answer: Cephalexin; only gram +
◉ 2nd generation cephalosporins. Answer: Cefaclor; gram - but not
psudomonas
◉ 3rd generation cephalosporins. Answer: ceftrixane; more gram - and
crosses the blood brain barrier
, ◉ 4th generation cephalosporins. Answer: Cefepime; gram - and gram +
includes pseudomonas
◉ 5th generation cephalosporins. Answer: Ceftaroline; treatment for
MRSA
◉ Macrolides. Answer: Erythromycin
◉ Erythromycin MOA. Answer: inhibits protein synthesis; bacteriostatic
and can be bactericidal in large doses
◉ Erythromycin uses. Answer: Respiratory (upper), GI tract,
mycoplasma, chlamydia, legionella
◉ Erythromycin adverse reactions. Answer: GI distress, superinfection,
hepatotoxicity (excreted by the liver)/ototoxicity, prolonged QT interval
◉ Erythromycin considerations. Answer: -Contraindicated with Statins
-Decreases effectiveness of oral contraceptives
◉ Lincosamides. Answer: Clindamycin
2026 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED
A+
◉ Broad spectrum penicillin. Answer: ampicillin, used for gram + and
gram -
◉ Extended spectrum penicillin. Answer: Piperacillin, used for more
gram -
bone, joint, skin, soft tissue, respiratory tract, urinary tract infections
◉ Penicillin MOA. Answer: interferes with cell wall synthesis,
bactericidal
◉ Penicillin Adverse reactions. Answer: GI distress, superinfection, 5%-
10% of pts have allergy
◉ Penicillin contrainciations. Answer: hx of allergy/anaphylaxis; renal
insufficiency
◉ Bactericidal. Answer: kills bacteria
,◉ Bacteriostatic. Answer: inhibits bacterial growth
◉ Beta lactamase inhibitor. Answer: Tazobactam
◉ tazobactam use. Answer: treat bite wound infections, bloodstream
infections, DM foot infections, intra-abdominal infections, pneumonia,
sepsis
◉ Tazobactam Adverse reactions. Answer: GI distress, superinfection,
headache, insomina
◉ Cephalosporins MOA. Answer: inhibit cell wall synthesis;
bactericidal
◉ Cephalosporins adverse effects. Answer: GI distress, nephrotoxicity,
decresed seizure threshold, 5%-10% allergic
◉ 1st generation cephalosporins. Answer: Cephalexin; only gram +
◉ 2nd generation cephalosporins. Answer: Cefaclor; gram - but not
psudomonas
◉ 3rd generation cephalosporins. Answer: ceftrixane; more gram - and
crosses the blood brain barrier
, ◉ 4th generation cephalosporins. Answer: Cefepime; gram - and gram +
includes pseudomonas
◉ 5th generation cephalosporins. Answer: Ceftaroline; treatment for
MRSA
◉ Macrolides. Answer: Erythromycin
◉ Erythromycin MOA. Answer: inhibits protein synthesis; bacteriostatic
and can be bactericidal in large doses
◉ Erythromycin uses. Answer: Respiratory (upper), GI tract,
mycoplasma, chlamydia, legionella
◉ Erythromycin adverse reactions. Answer: GI distress, superinfection,
hepatotoxicity (excreted by the liver)/ototoxicity, prolonged QT interval
◉ Erythromycin considerations. Answer: -Contraindicated with Statins
-Decreases effectiveness of oral contraceptives
◉ Lincosamides. Answer: Clindamycin
