FORT TEST| TOP SCORES MADE SIMPLE | TRUSTED TEST SOLUTIONS!
QUALITY CONTENT YOU CAN RELY ON!
phonological awareness Answer: child's awareness of sounds in words
demonstrated by counting words in a sentence, syllables, and identifying rhymes.
Phoemic awareness Answer: ability to identify and manipulate sounds
phoneme Answer: The smallest part of spoken language that makes a difference in the
meaning of words.
41 total
can be represented by more than one letter
grapheme Answer: the smallest part of written language that represents a phoneme in
the spelling of a word
phonics Answer: The understanding of the relationships between the written letters of
the alphabet and the sounds of spoken language.
This knowledge allows a reader to "decode" words by translating the letters into speech
sounds.
phonological awareness skills in order (simple to complex) Answer: rhymes/alliteration,
concept of word, syllabication, onset/rime, phonemic awareneess
What is introduced first? phonological awareness or phonics Answer: phonological
awareness
rhymes activities Answer: recognize when words rhyme/don't rhyme
produce rhyming words
play with rhyming words
alliteration Answer: sort words by initial/first sounds (SOUNDS not spelling) phone and
fun=same sound
concept of word Answer: students understand what words are and how to count them
in a sentence
1
APPHIA - Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
,syllables Answer: big parts in a word
segment and blend syllables
say _ w/o _ (cupcake w/o cake)
count syllables
onset and rime Answer: onset-initial sound
rime-rest of word
(not all words have onsets)
phonemic awareness skills (most complex to least) Answer: substitution, deletion,
addition, segmentation, blending, phoneme isolation
phoneme isolation Answer: the ability to identify where a sound appears in a word or to
identify what sound appears in a given position in a word
example: does /p/ sound come at start/missle/end of tap?
phoneme blending Answer: combining phonemes to make a word
c-a-t
phoneme segmentation Answer: break words into ind. sounds
run=/r/-/u/-/n/
phoneme addition Answer: add a phoneme to part of a word
phoneme deletion Answer: delete phoneme from part of a word
phoneme substitution Answer: delete phoneme from part of a word and adding a new
one.
Environmental Print Answer: print found authentically in our environment (stop sign,
labels on food).
Alphabetic Principle Answer: phonemes (speech sounds) that are represented by
letters and letters pairs.
2
APPHIA - Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
,Emergent Literacy: Answer: "There is not a point in a child's life when literacy begins;
rather it is a continuous process of learning." This means that we are emerging in our
understanding of literacy before we can even speak. Literacy development begins with
one's earliest experiences of authentic literacy in the home (from the development of
oral language, to having books read to you, to "scribbling" as a precursor to
conventional letter formation). On the FORT, students described as "emergent readers"
are typically in an early childhood setting or kindergarten. They have not yet begun
formal reading instruction.
Book Handling Skills Answer: Illustrates a child's knowledge of how books "work" (how
to hold the book, tracking print from left to right, front and back cover, title page,
dedication page etc.
Concept of Print Answer: The basic understandings of how books and print work are
referred to as concepts of print.
Why Are Print Concepts Important? Answer: Before children can begin to read, they
must understand how books and print work. Considered precursors to reading and
writing, concepts of print are crucial for future reading success.
How Do Children Develop Concepts of Print? Answer: -Read Alouds
-invite children to explore books, writings, drawings often
-Point to Words while reading
-Use environmental print to make references to words, spaces, letters and lines of print.
-Have children suggest where the teacher should begin reading the words on the page
of a big book.
-Count the words in a line of print or clap for each word spoken aloud can help develop
concept of a word.
How to teach concepts of print Answer: - classroom labels/nametags
-hands-on activities with letters
-display an alphabet card at children's eye level
3
APPHIA - Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
, Why use environmental print? Answer: builds confidence in students
excitement about reading
How to use environmental print: Answer: -using cereal box covers and make a book
-play bingo with environmental print
-environmental print word wall
Knowledge of the alphabetic principle is evidenced in a student's ability to: Answer:
identify letters (Which letter is a "b"?)
name letters (What letter is this?)
Identify sounds (Which letter makes the /m/ sound?)
Form letter sounds (What sound does the letter "m" make?)
Write letters
Phonics is similar to Answer: alphabetic principle
Letter names Answer: Research indicates that a child's ability to identify and name
letters strongly indicates a child's future success in reading.
-distinguish between letters and to correspond the letter shape with the letter name.
-uppercase and lowercase letters.
Teaching Strategies for letter names: Answer: Letter stamps
Flashcards
Alphabet Books
Alphabet Songs
Forming Letters out of Clay
To avoid confusion, it is best not to introduce two similar letter-sounds at the same time
(similar sounds or visually). Here are a few examples of letter sounds that should be
taught separately: Answer: b & v
b&d
4
APPHIA - Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
QUALITY CONTENT YOU CAN RELY ON!
phonological awareness Answer: child's awareness of sounds in words
demonstrated by counting words in a sentence, syllables, and identifying rhymes.
Phoemic awareness Answer: ability to identify and manipulate sounds
phoneme Answer: The smallest part of spoken language that makes a difference in the
meaning of words.
41 total
can be represented by more than one letter
grapheme Answer: the smallest part of written language that represents a phoneme in
the spelling of a word
phonics Answer: The understanding of the relationships between the written letters of
the alphabet and the sounds of spoken language.
This knowledge allows a reader to "decode" words by translating the letters into speech
sounds.
phonological awareness skills in order (simple to complex) Answer: rhymes/alliteration,
concept of word, syllabication, onset/rime, phonemic awareneess
What is introduced first? phonological awareness or phonics Answer: phonological
awareness
rhymes activities Answer: recognize when words rhyme/don't rhyme
produce rhyming words
play with rhyming words
alliteration Answer: sort words by initial/first sounds (SOUNDS not spelling) phone and
fun=same sound
concept of word Answer: students understand what words are and how to count them
in a sentence
1
APPHIA - Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
,syllables Answer: big parts in a word
segment and blend syllables
say _ w/o _ (cupcake w/o cake)
count syllables
onset and rime Answer: onset-initial sound
rime-rest of word
(not all words have onsets)
phonemic awareness skills (most complex to least) Answer: substitution, deletion,
addition, segmentation, blending, phoneme isolation
phoneme isolation Answer: the ability to identify where a sound appears in a word or to
identify what sound appears in a given position in a word
example: does /p/ sound come at start/missle/end of tap?
phoneme blending Answer: combining phonemes to make a word
c-a-t
phoneme segmentation Answer: break words into ind. sounds
run=/r/-/u/-/n/
phoneme addition Answer: add a phoneme to part of a word
phoneme deletion Answer: delete phoneme from part of a word
phoneme substitution Answer: delete phoneme from part of a word and adding a new
one.
Environmental Print Answer: print found authentically in our environment (stop sign,
labels on food).
Alphabetic Principle Answer: phonemes (speech sounds) that are represented by
letters and letters pairs.
2
APPHIA - Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
,Emergent Literacy: Answer: "There is not a point in a child's life when literacy begins;
rather it is a continuous process of learning." This means that we are emerging in our
understanding of literacy before we can even speak. Literacy development begins with
one's earliest experiences of authentic literacy in the home (from the development of
oral language, to having books read to you, to "scribbling" as a precursor to
conventional letter formation). On the FORT, students described as "emergent readers"
are typically in an early childhood setting or kindergarten. They have not yet begun
formal reading instruction.
Book Handling Skills Answer: Illustrates a child's knowledge of how books "work" (how
to hold the book, tracking print from left to right, front and back cover, title page,
dedication page etc.
Concept of Print Answer: The basic understandings of how books and print work are
referred to as concepts of print.
Why Are Print Concepts Important? Answer: Before children can begin to read, they
must understand how books and print work. Considered precursors to reading and
writing, concepts of print are crucial for future reading success.
How Do Children Develop Concepts of Print? Answer: -Read Alouds
-invite children to explore books, writings, drawings often
-Point to Words while reading
-Use environmental print to make references to words, spaces, letters and lines of print.
-Have children suggest where the teacher should begin reading the words on the page
of a big book.
-Count the words in a line of print or clap for each word spoken aloud can help develop
concept of a word.
How to teach concepts of print Answer: - classroom labels/nametags
-hands-on activities with letters
-display an alphabet card at children's eye level
3
APPHIA - Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
, Why use environmental print? Answer: builds confidence in students
excitement about reading
How to use environmental print: Answer: -using cereal box covers and make a book
-play bingo with environmental print
-environmental print word wall
Knowledge of the alphabetic principle is evidenced in a student's ability to: Answer:
identify letters (Which letter is a "b"?)
name letters (What letter is this?)
Identify sounds (Which letter makes the /m/ sound?)
Form letter sounds (What sound does the letter "m" make?)
Write letters
Phonics is similar to Answer: alphabetic principle
Letter names Answer: Research indicates that a child's ability to identify and name
letters strongly indicates a child's future success in reading.
-distinguish between letters and to correspond the letter shape with the letter name.
-uppercase and lowercase letters.
Teaching Strategies for letter names: Answer: Letter stamps
Flashcards
Alphabet Books
Alphabet Songs
Forming Letters out of Clay
To avoid confusion, it is best not to introduce two similar letter-sounds at the same time
(similar sounds or visually). Here are a few examples of letter sounds that should be
taught separately: Answer: b & v
b&d
4
APPHIA - Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
