PHARM HESI V1 V2 V3 PHARMACOLOGY
CERTIFICATION EVALUATION EXAMS 2026
QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◉ A nurse is providing patient education to a patient as part of her work
in a fertility clinic. The nurse explains possible reasons for infertility.
When explaining how the ovaries are involved in conception, what will
the nurse stress?
A)Ova quickly degenerate and most are absorbed in the body before the
age of 12.
B)The ovaries at birth contain all of the ova that a woman will have.
C)Ova aggregate, causing millions to be contained in a storage site
called a follicle.
D)Follicles produce only estrogen; the uterus produces progesterone..
Answer: b
It would be important to explain that the woman's ova do not increase or
decrease from birth to childbearing years. The nurse will stress that all
the ova that a woman will have will be present at birth. The patient
should understand that if she does not ovulate 1 month or for several
months, it is not because she has done something to her body to cause
this. Ova slowly degenerate over a lifetime or they are released once a
month until menopause is complete. Each ovum is contained in a storage
,site called a follicle, which produces the female sex hormones, estrogen
and progesterone.
◉ The nursing instructor is discussing the physiology of pregnancy with
her clinical group. What hormone, produced during pregnancy, would
the instructor tell the students helps to maintain the pregnancy until birth
of the fetus?
A)High levels of estrogen only
B)High levels of estrogen, low levels of progesterone
C)Low levels of estrogen, high levels of progesterone
D)High levels of estrogen and progesterone. Answer: D
Feedback:
In a pregnant woman, both estrogen and progesterone hormones have
specific functions. High levels of both hormones are needed for the
maintenance of pregnancy.
◉ The nursing instructor is talking with her class of students about the
female reproductive system. A student is trying to understand the role of
progesterone in the body. What nonreproductive affect does
progesterone have on the body?
A)Decreased body temperature B)Decreased appetite C)Anti-
insulinD)Increased uterine motility. Answer: C
Feedback:
Progesterone has an anti-insulin effect to generate a higher blood
glucose concentration to allow for rapid diffusion of glucose to the
,developing embryo. Body temperature and appetite are increased by
progesterone. Uterine motility is decreased to provide increased chance
that implantation can occur.
◉ What hormone causes ovulation to occur? A)Adrenocorticotropic
hormone (ACTH)
B)Luteinizing hormone (LH)
C)Prolactin
D)Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). Answer: B
Feedback:
When the circulating estrogen level rises high enough, it stimulates a
massive release of LH from the anterior pituitary causing one of the
developing follicles to burst and release the ovum with its stored
hormones into the system. ACTH targets the adrenal corticosteroid
hormone, which helps prepare the body for the "fight or flight" response.
Prolactin is responsible for milk production and FSH in combination
with LH stimulate follicles on the outer surface of the uterus to grow and
develop and also stimulates the release of estrogen and progesterone.
◉ A 16-year-old girl comes to the clinic complaining of severe
menstrual cramps. The girl is concerned about the pain and worried that
"something is wrong." The nurse explains to the patient that she has
cramping during her menstrual period because of what?
A)An increase in the levels of estrogen and progesterone, which cause
uterine contractions
, B)Low levels of plasminogen in the uterus that cause the shedding of the
lining of the uterus
C)Prostaglandins in the uterus, which stimulate uterine contractions to
clamp off vessels as the lining of her uterus sheds
D)An increase in progesterone and a decrease of estrogen cause the
lining of the uterus to slough away. Answer: C Feedback:
Prostaglandins in the uterus stimulate uterine contractions to clamp off
vessels in the lining of the uterus, which is the cause of the cramping.
The decrease of estrogen and progesterone after the involution of the
corpus luteum triggers the release of follicle- stimulating hormone
(FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). The decreased levels of FSH and
LH cause the inner lining of the uterus to slough off because the vascular
system is no longer being stimulated. High, not low, levels of
plasminogen in the uterus prevent clotting of the lining as the vessels
shear off.
◉ What drug would the nurse expect to administer if beta-specific
adrenergic agonist effects are desired to prevent bronchospasm during
anesthesia?
A)Dobutamine (Dobutrex) B)Ephedrine (generic) C)Isoproterenol
(Isuprel) D)Phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine). Answer: C
Isoproterenol is a beta-specific adrenergic agonist used to prevent
bronchospasm during anesthesia. Phenylephrine is an alpha-specific
adrenergic agonist. Both dobutamine and ephedrine are alpha- and beta-
adrenergic agonists.
CERTIFICATION EVALUATION EXAMS 2026
QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◉ A nurse is providing patient education to a patient as part of her work
in a fertility clinic. The nurse explains possible reasons for infertility.
When explaining how the ovaries are involved in conception, what will
the nurse stress?
A)Ova quickly degenerate and most are absorbed in the body before the
age of 12.
B)The ovaries at birth contain all of the ova that a woman will have.
C)Ova aggregate, causing millions to be contained in a storage site
called a follicle.
D)Follicles produce only estrogen; the uterus produces progesterone..
Answer: b
It would be important to explain that the woman's ova do not increase or
decrease from birth to childbearing years. The nurse will stress that all
the ova that a woman will have will be present at birth. The patient
should understand that if she does not ovulate 1 month or for several
months, it is not because she has done something to her body to cause
this. Ova slowly degenerate over a lifetime or they are released once a
month until menopause is complete. Each ovum is contained in a storage
,site called a follicle, which produces the female sex hormones, estrogen
and progesterone.
◉ The nursing instructor is discussing the physiology of pregnancy with
her clinical group. What hormone, produced during pregnancy, would
the instructor tell the students helps to maintain the pregnancy until birth
of the fetus?
A)High levels of estrogen only
B)High levels of estrogen, low levels of progesterone
C)Low levels of estrogen, high levels of progesterone
D)High levels of estrogen and progesterone. Answer: D
Feedback:
In a pregnant woman, both estrogen and progesterone hormones have
specific functions. High levels of both hormones are needed for the
maintenance of pregnancy.
◉ The nursing instructor is talking with her class of students about the
female reproductive system. A student is trying to understand the role of
progesterone in the body. What nonreproductive affect does
progesterone have on the body?
A)Decreased body temperature B)Decreased appetite C)Anti-
insulinD)Increased uterine motility. Answer: C
Feedback:
Progesterone has an anti-insulin effect to generate a higher blood
glucose concentration to allow for rapid diffusion of glucose to the
,developing embryo. Body temperature and appetite are increased by
progesterone. Uterine motility is decreased to provide increased chance
that implantation can occur.
◉ What hormone causes ovulation to occur? A)Adrenocorticotropic
hormone (ACTH)
B)Luteinizing hormone (LH)
C)Prolactin
D)Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). Answer: B
Feedback:
When the circulating estrogen level rises high enough, it stimulates a
massive release of LH from the anterior pituitary causing one of the
developing follicles to burst and release the ovum with its stored
hormones into the system. ACTH targets the adrenal corticosteroid
hormone, which helps prepare the body for the "fight or flight" response.
Prolactin is responsible for milk production and FSH in combination
with LH stimulate follicles on the outer surface of the uterus to grow and
develop and also stimulates the release of estrogen and progesterone.
◉ A 16-year-old girl comes to the clinic complaining of severe
menstrual cramps. The girl is concerned about the pain and worried that
"something is wrong." The nurse explains to the patient that she has
cramping during her menstrual period because of what?
A)An increase in the levels of estrogen and progesterone, which cause
uterine contractions
, B)Low levels of plasminogen in the uterus that cause the shedding of the
lining of the uterus
C)Prostaglandins in the uterus, which stimulate uterine contractions to
clamp off vessels as the lining of her uterus sheds
D)An increase in progesterone and a decrease of estrogen cause the
lining of the uterus to slough away. Answer: C Feedback:
Prostaglandins in the uterus stimulate uterine contractions to clamp off
vessels in the lining of the uterus, which is the cause of the cramping.
The decrease of estrogen and progesterone after the involution of the
corpus luteum triggers the release of follicle- stimulating hormone
(FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). The decreased levels of FSH and
LH cause the inner lining of the uterus to slough off because the vascular
system is no longer being stimulated. High, not low, levels of
plasminogen in the uterus prevent clotting of the lining as the vessels
shear off.
◉ What drug would the nurse expect to administer if beta-specific
adrenergic agonist effects are desired to prevent bronchospasm during
anesthesia?
A)Dobutamine (Dobutrex) B)Ephedrine (generic) C)Isoproterenol
(Isuprel) D)Phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine). Answer: C
Isoproterenol is a beta-specific adrenergic agonist used to prevent
bronchospasm during anesthesia. Phenylephrine is an alpha-specific
adrenergic agonist. Both dobutamine and ephedrine are alpha- and beta-
adrenergic agonists.
