Answers
1. Which of the following is improved when repeated trials of an
experiment have consistent results?
A. Reliability
B. Validity
C. Independent Variables
D. Dependent Variables correct answer: A. Reliability.
Reliability speaks to the repeatability of an experiment.
2. Which of the following diseases is primarily caused by a toxin
produced by a microorganism?
A. Cholera
B. Leprosy
C. Acne
D. HIV correct answer: A. Cholera
Diarrhea associated with cholera is caused by cholera toxin secreted by certain strains of the bacterium
vibrio cholerae.
3. A student wants to design an experiment to demonstrate the
effects of acid rain on plant life. Which of the following substances
should be combined with water to stimulate acid rain?
A. Vinegar
B. Table salt
C. Baking soda
D. Ammonia correct answer: A. Vinegar
Vinegar is acidic, with a pH less than 7. Adding it to the water will acidify water to stimulate acid rain.
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,4. Which of the following compounds is an ionic compound?
A. PCl3
B. H2O
C. MgF2
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, D. NH3 correct answer: C. MgF2
Each magnesium (valence = 2) atom transfers one electron to each of the fluorine (valence = 7) atoms,
forming ionic bonds. Molecules formed by the transfer of electrons are called ionic compounds.
5. Which of the following is a function of a somatic reflex?
A. It helps to produce an involuntary response in the absence of a
stimulus.
B. It helps to produce a response quickly to protect the body from
harm.
C. It helps to produce variable responses to the same sensory input.
D.It helps the individual to produce an appropriate voluntary response.
correct answer: B. It helps to produce a response quickly to protect the body from harm.
Reflex actions are involuntary, stereotyped, and predictable, as they require the body to respond quickly to
a specific sensory input to protect the body.
6. After doing a belly flop into a swimming pool, a child says, "The
water slapped me." Which of the following is the property of water
that causes the slap?
A. Irregular expansion
B. Hydrogen bonding
C. Capillary action
D. Hydrophobic exclusion correct answer: B. Hydrogen bonding
Hydrogen bonding holds the water molecules tightly together so they cannot disperse easily, increasing
surface tension and causing the slap.
7. Which of the following is an example of a long bone?
A. Vertebra
B. Sacrum
C. Ribs
D. Femur correct answer: D. Femur
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