NR 568 Midterm Exam -Questions
with Correct Verified and Well
Analyzed Answers Graded A+
Polyene: amphotericin b (Abelcet)
Antifungal: systemic mycoses
Polyene: amphotericin b (Abelcet) - Mechanism of Action
Binds to components of the fungal cell membrane-increasing
permeability. This results in intracellular leakage, which reduces the
organism's viability.
Polyene: amphotericin b (Abelcet) - Adverse Effects
(Intrathecal) Infusion reactions, Nephrotoxicity, hypokalemia,
Hematologic effects
Polyene: amphotericin b (Abelcet) - Precautions
Renal Impairment
Polyene: amphotericin b (Abelcet) - Interactions
Other nephrotoxic meds, flucytosine
Polyene: amphotericin b (Abelcet) - Education
IV administration
Polyene: amphotericin b (Abelcet) - Labs
BMP, CBC
Azoles: itraconazole (Sporanox)
Antifungal: broad spectrum fungal pathogens
,Azoles: itraconazole (Sporanox) - Mechanism of Action
Inhibits the synthesis of ergosterol (sterol), resulting in increased
membrane permeability and leakage of cellular components.
Azoles: itraconazole (Sporanox) - Adverse Effects
GI upset, Cardiac suppression, Hepatic injury
Azoles: itraconazole (Sporanox) - Precautions
Hepatic dysfunction, Heart failure
Azoles: itraconazole (Sporanox) - Interactions
PPIs, CYP3A4 inhibitors
Azoles: itraconazole (Sporanox) - Education
Take with food/cola
Azoles: itraconazole (Sporanox) - Labs
BMP, Coagulation, Serum Drug Levels
Echinocandins: caspofungin (Cancidas)
Antifungal: aspergillus and candida infections
Echinocandins: caspofungin (Cancidas) - Mechanism of Action
Inhibits the biosynthesis of beta-1,3-d-glucan, an essential fungal cell
wall component.
Echinocandins: caspofungin (Cancidas) - Adverse Effects
Histamine-mediated reactions, Injection site reactions
Echinocandins: caspofungin (Cancidas) - Precautions
Embryotoxic, Hepatic impairment
Echinocandins: caspofungin (Cancidas) - Interactions
Drugs that induce CYP450 enzymes, tacrolimus, cyclosporine
Echinocandins: caspofungin (Cancidas) - Education
IV administration
, Echinocandins: caspofungin (Cancidas) - Labs
LFTs, Serum Drug Levels
Pyrimidines: flucytosine (Ancobon)
Antifungal: Candida and C. neoformans
Pyrimidines: flucytosine (Ancobon) - Mechanism of Action
Taken up by fungal cells and converted to the powerful antimetabolite
5-fluorouracil (5-FU). These metabolites disrupt fungal DNA and RNA
synthesis.
Pyrimidines: flucytosine (Ancobon) - Adverse Effects
Hematologic effects, Hepatotoxicity
Pyrimidines: flucytosine (Ancobon) - Precautions
Renal Impairment, Hematologic disorders, Bone Marrow suppression
Pyrimidines: flucytosine (Ancobon) - Interactions
amphotericin b, cisapride, pimozide, dofetilide, quinidine
Pyrimidines: flucytosine (Ancobon) - Dose
50 - 150 mg/kg/day administered in four divided doses at 6-hour
intervals.
Pyrimidines: flucytosine (Ancobon) - Labs
BMP, CBC, LFTs, Serum Drug Levels
Allylamines: terbinafine (Lamisil)
Antifungal: tinea and onycho-mycosis
Allylamines: terbinafine (Lamisil) - Mechanism of Action
Inhibits squalene epoxidase with resultant inhibition of ergosterol
synthesis.
Allylamines: terbinafine (Lamisil) - Adverse Effects
GI upset, Skin reactions, Altered taste, Hepatotoxicity
Allylamines: terbinafine (Lamisil) - Precautions
with Correct Verified and Well
Analyzed Answers Graded A+
Polyene: amphotericin b (Abelcet)
Antifungal: systemic mycoses
Polyene: amphotericin b (Abelcet) - Mechanism of Action
Binds to components of the fungal cell membrane-increasing
permeability. This results in intracellular leakage, which reduces the
organism's viability.
Polyene: amphotericin b (Abelcet) - Adverse Effects
(Intrathecal) Infusion reactions, Nephrotoxicity, hypokalemia,
Hematologic effects
Polyene: amphotericin b (Abelcet) - Precautions
Renal Impairment
Polyene: amphotericin b (Abelcet) - Interactions
Other nephrotoxic meds, flucytosine
Polyene: amphotericin b (Abelcet) - Education
IV administration
Polyene: amphotericin b (Abelcet) - Labs
BMP, CBC
Azoles: itraconazole (Sporanox)
Antifungal: broad spectrum fungal pathogens
,Azoles: itraconazole (Sporanox) - Mechanism of Action
Inhibits the synthesis of ergosterol (sterol), resulting in increased
membrane permeability and leakage of cellular components.
Azoles: itraconazole (Sporanox) - Adverse Effects
GI upset, Cardiac suppression, Hepatic injury
Azoles: itraconazole (Sporanox) - Precautions
Hepatic dysfunction, Heart failure
Azoles: itraconazole (Sporanox) - Interactions
PPIs, CYP3A4 inhibitors
Azoles: itraconazole (Sporanox) - Education
Take with food/cola
Azoles: itraconazole (Sporanox) - Labs
BMP, Coagulation, Serum Drug Levels
Echinocandins: caspofungin (Cancidas)
Antifungal: aspergillus and candida infections
Echinocandins: caspofungin (Cancidas) - Mechanism of Action
Inhibits the biosynthesis of beta-1,3-d-glucan, an essential fungal cell
wall component.
Echinocandins: caspofungin (Cancidas) - Adverse Effects
Histamine-mediated reactions, Injection site reactions
Echinocandins: caspofungin (Cancidas) - Precautions
Embryotoxic, Hepatic impairment
Echinocandins: caspofungin (Cancidas) - Interactions
Drugs that induce CYP450 enzymes, tacrolimus, cyclosporine
Echinocandins: caspofungin (Cancidas) - Education
IV administration
, Echinocandins: caspofungin (Cancidas) - Labs
LFTs, Serum Drug Levels
Pyrimidines: flucytosine (Ancobon)
Antifungal: Candida and C. neoformans
Pyrimidines: flucytosine (Ancobon) - Mechanism of Action
Taken up by fungal cells and converted to the powerful antimetabolite
5-fluorouracil (5-FU). These metabolites disrupt fungal DNA and RNA
synthesis.
Pyrimidines: flucytosine (Ancobon) - Adverse Effects
Hematologic effects, Hepatotoxicity
Pyrimidines: flucytosine (Ancobon) - Precautions
Renal Impairment, Hematologic disorders, Bone Marrow suppression
Pyrimidines: flucytosine (Ancobon) - Interactions
amphotericin b, cisapride, pimozide, dofetilide, quinidine
Pyrimidines: flucytosine (Ancobon) - Dose
50 - 150 mg/kg/day administered in four divided doses at 6-hour
intervals.
Pyrimidines: flucytosine (Ancobon) - Labs
BMP, CBC, LFTs, Serum Drug Levels
Allylamines: terbinafine (Lamisil)
Antifungal: tinea and onycho-mycosis
Allylamines: terbinafine (Lamisil) - Mechanism of Action
Inhibits squalene epoxidase with resultant inhibition of ergosterol
synthesis.
Allylamines: terbinafine (Lamisil) - Adverse Effects
GI upset, Skin reactions, Altered taste, Hepatotoxicity
Allylamines: terbinafine (Lamisil) - Precautions
