Care 2026 Exam Questions and
Answers | A+ Score Assured
Cardiac Index - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔2-4
SVR/Afterload - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔800-1200
MAP - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔mean CVx80/CO
PA pressure - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔15-30
Wedge PCWP pressure - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔6-12
,Hypovolemic Shock Parameters - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Preload CVP decreased,
SVR afterload increased, CI decreased, Oxygen delivery Decreased,
Venous Oxygen saturation increased
Types of hypovolemic shock - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Hemorrhage, burns,
pancreatitis
Cardiogenic shock parameters - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔CVP preload increased,
SVR afterload increased, CI decreased, oxygen delivery decreased, SV02
decreased
Types of cardiogenic shock - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Post mi, malignant
dysrhythmia, acute myocarditis
Obstructive shock parameters - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Preload either, SVR
increased, CI decreased, oxygen delivery decreased, SV02 decreased
Types of obstructive shock - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Tension pneumo, cardiac
tamponade, PE
Distributive shock parameters - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Preload CVP decreased,
afterload SVR decreased, CI increased, SV02 decreased, oxygen delivery
increased
,Types of distributive shock - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Septic shock, anaphylaxis,
neurogenic shock
CVP Preload - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔2-8
Cardiac Output - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔4-8
MAP - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔70-90
Fractional Excretion of NA <1% - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Prerenal state of kidney
dysfunction (i.e. dehydration)
Fractional Excretion of NA >2% - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔ATN (acute tubular
necrosis)
CPP equation - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔MAP-ICP
SIADH Hyposmolar hyponatremia "inappropriate water retention" - 🧠
ANSWER ✔✔serum sodium low, serum osmo low <280, urine osmo high
>100, no dehydration, tx restrict fluids
if neuro symptoms give 3%NS
DI Hyperosmolar hypernatremia dry - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Serum sodium high,
serum osmo high >290, urine osmo low <100, urine spec grave 1.005
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3
, (urine is like water), urine sodium >20, dehydration, if serum Na >150 give
D5W to replace ½ volume deficit in 12-24 hours, avoid rapid lowering of
Na, DDAVP for acute situations
Serum Osmo - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔280
Urine Osmo - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔300-800
Sodium - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔~140
Total cholesterol - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔<200
Triglycerides - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔<150
HDL - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔>40
LDL - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔<100
Management of pulm edema - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔02, sitting up, morphine 2-
4mg, Lasix 40, another Lasix 40 if needed
Left heart failure - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔LUNGS, dyspnea at rest, rales,
wheezing, generally healthy except acute event, S3, murmur of mitral
regurg
Right heart failure - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔JVD, hepatomegaly, peripheral edema