VENTRICULAR ASSIST DEVICE VAD C PRACTICE EXAM 2026 COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

VENTRICULAR ASSIST DEVICE VAD C
PRACTICE EXAM 2026 COMPLETE QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS

◉ Types of Cardiogenic Shock (CS). Answer: Left ventricular
dominant
Right ventricular dominant
Biventricular failure


◉ Bridge to Transplant (BTT):. Answer: Support while awaiting
transplant- receive VAD therapy as a step to cardiac transplantation


◉ destination therapy. Answer: Lifelong MCS for non-transplant
candidates- VAD is used as a treatment for cardiac failure.


◉ Bridge to Candidacy (BTC):. Answer: Temporary support for
potentially transplant-eligible patients


◉ Bridge to recovery (BTR). Answer: Temporary support during
cardiac recovery


◉ Bridge to Decision (BTD):. Answer: Support pending definitive
care plan

, ◉ IABP (intra-aortic balloon pump). Answer: inflates during
dyastole and deflates during systole to increase coronary blood flow,
reducing afterload, allowing heart to empty and increase Cardiac
Output


◉ Impella (Abiomed). Answer: Micro axial flow, non-pulsatile,
catheter-based pump


◉ Left Ventricle- HeartMate percutaneous pump. Answer: Second-
generation axial pump


◉ Right Atrium- VA-ECMO (Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation).
Answer: Provides full cardiopulmonary support
Two types: VV-ECMO (respiratory) VA-ECMO (cardiac + respiratory)


◉ Left Atrium: TandemHeart. Answer: Centrifugal, continuous flow
pump


◉ CentriMag and Rotaflow. Answer: magnetically levitated
extracorporeal centrifugal flow pumps designed to provide
continuous blood flow of up to 10 L/min.