UTMB 5355 EXAM 2 ADVANCED
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY BASIC EXAM SCRIPT
2026 UPDATED QUESTIONS WITH
DETAILED ANSWERS GRADED A+
⩥ Which of the following is a role of histamine when released by mast
cells? Answer: Increased Vascular Permeability
⩥ Which of the following results when histamine attaches to the H1
receptor? Answer: Smooth muscle contraction, increased chemotaxis,
stimulation of prostaglandin synthesis
⩥ Which chemical mediator is responsible for prolonged asthma
symptoms such as bronchoconstriction and inflammation? Answer:
Leukotrienes
⩥ Which of the following are an active modulator of allergic reactions in
the immune system? Answer: Eosinophils
⩥ directs movement of cells along a chemical gradient attracting
eosinophils and neutrophils to the site of inflammation. Answer:
Chemotaxis
,⩥ What are the functions of interferons? Answer: Protect against viral
infection, modulate inflammatory response
⩥ Your patient has seasonal allergic rhinitis. Which type of
hypersensitivity reaction is this? Answer: Type 1
⩥ Your patient has diagnosis of Grave's disease. Which type of
Hypersensitivity reaction is this? Answer: Type 2
⩥ Which of the following is a type III hypersensitivity reaction?
Answer: Glomerulonephritis
⩥ Which of the following statement is true regarding Type IV
Reactions? Answer: The reaction is mediated by T lymphocytes
⩥ Which of the following statements are true regarding exotoxins?
Answer: damage cell membranes, activate second messengers, inhibit
protein synthesis
⩥ immunity is produced by an individual after natural exposure to an
antigen or after immunization Answer: Active
⩥ immunity produces immunoglobulins that bind to antigens and
neutralize their effects Answer: Humoral
, ⩥ stimulates the proliferation of T cells and B cells during inflammation
Answer: Interleukins
⩥ Catecholamines decrease which of the following immune system cells
during chronic stress? Answer: Natural Killer cells
⩥ interfere with insulin signaling leading to insulin resistance in stress,
obesity, and Type 2 Diabetes. Answer: Pro-inflammatory cytokines
⩥ what type of immunity is produced when an immunoglobulin crosses
the placenta? Answer: Passive acquired
⩥ the normal microbiome Answer: The body's surfaces are colonized
with a variety of microorganisms, Surfaces, such as skin and mucous
membranes of eyes, upper and lower GI tracts, urethra and vagina are
colonized by a combination of bacteria and fungi that are unique to a
particular location and individual.
⩥ If immunocompromised the microbiome can lead to Answer:
opportunistic infections or loss of integrity of the body surface areas.
⩥ Type 1 hypersensitivity example Answer: seasonal rhinitis
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY BASIC EXAM SCRIPT
2026 UPDATED QUESTIONS WITH
DETAILED ANSWERS GRADED A+
⩥ Which of the following is a role of histamine when released by mast
cells? Answer: Increased Vascular Permeability
⩥ Which of the following results when histamine attaches to the H1
receptor? Answer: Smooth muscle contraction, increased chemotaxis,
stimulation of prostaglandin synthesis
⩥ Which chemical mediator is responsible for prolonged asthma
symptoms such as bronchoconstriction and inflammation? Answer:
Leukotrienes
⩥ Which of the following are an active modulator of allergic reactions in
the immune system? Answer: Eosinophils
⩥ directs movement of cells along a chemical gradient attracting
eosinophils and neutrophils to the site of inflammation. Answer:
Chemotaxis
,⩥ What are the functions of interferons? Answer: Protect against viral
infection, modulate inflammatory response
⩥ Your patient has seasonal allergic rhinitis. Which type of
hypersensitivity reaction is this? Answer: Type 1
⩥ Your patient has diagnosis of Grave's disease. Which type of
Hypersensitivity reaction is this? Answer: Type 2
⩥ Which of the following is a type III hypersensitivity reaction?
Answer: Glomerulonephritis
⩥ Which of the following statement is true regarding Type IV
Reactions? Answer: The reaction is mediated by T lymphocytes
⩥ Which of the following statements are true regarding exotoxins?
Answer: damage cell membranes, activate second messengers, inhibit
protein synthesis
⩥ immunity is produced by an individual after natural exposure to an
antigen or after immunization Answer: Active
⩥ immunity produces immunoglobulins that bind to antigens and
neutralize their effects Answer: Humoral
, ⩥ stimulates the proliferation of T cells and B cells during inflammation
Answer: Interleukins
⩥ Catecholamines decrease which of the following immune system cells
during chronic stress? Answer: Natural Killer cells
⩥ interfere with insulin signaling leading to insulin resistance in stress,
obesity, and Type 2 Diabetes. Answer: Pro-inflammatory cytokines
⩥ what type of immunity is produced when an immunoglobulin crosses
the placenta? Answer: Passive acquired
⩥ the normal microbiome Answer: The body's surfaces are colonized
with a variety of microorganisms, Surfaces, such as skin and mucous
membranes of eyes, upper and lower GI tracts, urethra and vagina are
colonized by a combination of bacteria and fungi that are unique to a
particular location and individual.
⩥ If immunocompromised the microbiome can lead to Answer:
opportunistic infections or loss of integrity of the body surface areas.
⩥ Type 1 hypersensitivity example Answer: seasonal rhinitis
