BIOL 2200 Exam 1 Questions With Complete Solutions
a change that must occur for a new species to arise Correct
Answers At least one gene, affecting one reproductive barrier,
must change.
According to the Hardy-Weinberg theorem, the frequencies of
alleles in a population will remain constant if __________ is the
only process acting on the gene pool. Correct Answers Random
sexual reproduction does not change the frequency of alleles in
the gene pool.
Adaptive radiation Correct Answers occurs within a single
lineage. major diversification events: -change in enviro (o2
level, temp) -availability of new habitat -new innovation in
morphology(limbs, eyes) -new species interactions (predators)
common on islands bc new habitat and little competition: anole
lizards adapt to ecomorph
After a drought in 1977, researchers hypothesized that on the
Galapagos Island Daphne Major, medium ground finches with
large, deep beaks survived better than those with smaller beaks
because they could more easily crack and eat the tough Tribulus
cistoides fruits. A tourist company sets up reliable feeding
stations with a variety of bird seeds (different types and sizes) so
that tourists can get a better look at the finches. Which of the
following events is now most likely to occur to finch beaks on
this island? Correct Answers increased variation in beak size
and shape over time
,allopatric speciation- Correct Answers gene flow is interrupted
when a population is divided into geographically isolated
subpopulations-reduced mating b/t diff pops and reduced gene
flow. sub pops get new adaptations--> NEW SPECIES
ex river changes course and divides pop and animals cannot
cross. separated gene pools may diverge. mutations, natl
selection, and genetic drift can alter allele freq.
reproductive isolation increases as geographic distance increases
allopolyploidy- fast speciation Correct Answers have many
copies of SIMILAR alleles bc SIMILAR species
2 DIFF SPECIES interbreed and make hybrid. infertile hybrid
can later become fertile if theres an error that caused
nondisjunction (nondisjuction). fertile polyploid=allopolyploid.
can mate w each other but not w parent, new species forms.
diploid chromosome number= sum of parent diploids. only
tetraploids can reproduce
parent 1 2 chromosomes, parent 2 3 chromosomes.... then have 5
chromosomes but they can't pair so you need to double later on
it life... then can self fertilize
altering gene number or position Correct Answers
Chromosomal mutations that delete, disrupt, or rearrange many
loci are typically harmful
gene duplication w/o severe effects can persist over many
generations.
, An adaptation is Correct Answers a trait that gives an organism
a reproductive advantage in the current environment
EXP:
Evolutionary adaptations are inherited characteristics that
enhance an organism's ability to survive and reproduce in a
particular environment.
Archean Eon 3.85- 2.5 BYA Correct Answers FIRST LIFE ON
EARTH. prokaryotes were first. photosynthetic prokaryotes
(cyanobacteria, stromatolites) produce o2, saturate water and
atmosphere
assortative mating vs disassortative Correct Answers preference
for similar genotypes/phenotypes vs preference for different
autopolyploidy- FASTEST speciation Correct Answers double
original diploid number
Autopolyploidy has been shown to produce nearly instantaneous
speciation in plants.
individuals with more than 2 sets chromosomes from same
parents (SAME SPECIES) make reproductive isolation in just
one generation
can double ploidy number by meiosis error and then reproduce
to new species. they form diploid gametes and can only mate
with other tetraploids now.
a change that must occur for a new species to arise Correct
Answers At least one gene, affecting one reproductive barrier,
must change.
According to the Hardy-Weinberg theorem, the frequencies of
alleles in a population will remain constant if __________ is the
only process acting on the gene pool. Correct Answers Random
sexual reproduction does not change the frequency of alleles in
the gene pool.
Adaptive radiation Correct Answers occurs within a single
lineage. major diversification events: -change in enviro (o2
level, temp) -availability of new habitat -new innovation in
morphology(limbs, eyes) -new species interactions (predators)
common on islands bc new habitat and little competition: anole
lizards adapt to ecomorph
After a drought in 1977, researchers hypothesized that on the
Galapagos Island Daphne Major, medium ground finches with
large, deep beaks survived better than those with smaller beaks
because they could more easily crack and eat the tough Tribulus
cistoides fruits. A tourist company sets up reliable feeding
stations with a variety of bird seeds (different types and sizes) so
that tourists can get a better look at the finches. Which of the
following events is now most likely to occur to finch beaks on
this island? Correct Answers increased variation in beak size
and shape over time
,allopatric speciation- Correct Answers gene flow is interrupted
when a population is divided into geographically isolated
subpopulations-reduced mating b/t diff pops and reduced gene
flow. sub pops get new adaptations--> NEW SPECIES
ex river changes course and divides pop and animals cannot
cross. separated gene pools may diverge. mutations, natl
selection, and genetic drift can alter allele freq.
reproductive isolation increases as geographic distance increases
allopolyploidy- fast speciation Correct Answers have many
copies of SIMILAR alleles bc SIMILAR species
2 DIFF SPECIES interbreed and make hybrid. infertile hybrid
can later become fertile if theres an error that caused
nondisjunction (nondisjuction). fertile polyploid=allopolyploid.
can mate w each other but not w parent, new species forms.
diploid chromosome number= sum of parent diploids. only
tetraploids can reproduce
parent 1 2 chromosomes, parent 2 3 chromosomes.... then have 5
chromosomes but they can't pair so you need to double later on
it life... then can self fertilize
altering gene number or position Correct Answers
Chromosomal mutations that delete, disrupt, or rearrange many
loci are typically harmful
gene duplication w/o severe effects can persist over many
generations.
, An adaptation is Correct Answers a trait that gives an organism
a reproductive advantage in the current environment
EXP:
Evolutionary adaptations are inherited characteristics that
enhance an organism's ability to survive and reproduce in a
particular environment.
Archean Eon 3.85- 2.5 BYA Correct Answers FIRST LIFE ON
EARTH. prokaryotes were first. photosynthetic prokaryotes
(cyanobacteria, stromatolites) produce o2, saturate water and
atmosphere
assortative mating vs disassortative Correct Answers preference
for similar genotypes/phenotypes vs preference for different
autopolyploidy- FASTEST speciation Correct Answers double
original diploid number
Autopolyploidy has been shown to produce nearly instantaneous
speciation in plants.
individuals with more than 2 sets chromosomes from same
parents (SAME SPECIES) make reproductive isolation in just
one generation
can double ploidy number by meiosis error and then reproduce
to new species. they form diploid gametes and can only mate
with other tetraploids now.
