Chapter 14: Heart Test Bank—Nursing
Exam Questions and Answers Graded A+
Which two heart chambers are most anterior in the chest?
a.
Both atria
b.
Both ventricles
c.
The right atrium and ventricle
d.
The left atrium and ventricle - Correct answer-ANS: C
The most anterior surface of the heart is formed by the right ventricle. The heart is
turned ventrally on its axis, putting its right side more forward. The left atrium is
above the left ventricle, forming the most posterior aspect of the heart.
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,The condition in which a patient's heart is rotated or displaced to the right or is
situated as a mirror image of the expected position is called:
a.
amyloidosis.
b.
coarctation.
c.
dextrocardia.
d.
situs inversus. - Correct answer-ANS: C
Dextrocardia occurs when the heart is displaced or rotated to the right or is a
complete mirror image of the expected finding. Amyloidosis is a metabolic
disorder marked by amyloid deposits in organs and tissues. Coarctation is the
compression of the walls of a vessel, such as an aortic coarctation. Situs inversus
occurs when the heart and stomach are displaced to the right and the liver is
located to the left.
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,Heart position can vary depending on body habitus. In a short stocky individual,
you would expect the heart to be located:
a.
more to the right and hanging more vertically.
b.
more to the left and lying more horizontally.
c.
riding higher in the chest and pushed anteriorly.
d.
hanging lower in the chest and riding more vertically. - Correct answer-ANS: B
The position of the heart varies depending on body build, configuration of the
chest, and level of the diaphragm. A tall slender person's heart tends to hang
vertically and is positioned centrally. A stocky short person's heart tends to lie more
to the left and more horizontally.
Which cardiac structure is responsible for the heart's pumping action?
a.
Pericardium
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, b.
Epicardium
c.
Myocardium
d.
Endocardium - Correct answer-ANS: C
The myocardium is the thick muscular middle layer responsible for the pumping
action of the heart. The pericardium is the tough, double-walled, fibrous sac that
protects the heart. The epicardium is the thin outermost muscle layer that covers
the heart and extends onto the great vessels. The endocardium is the innermost
layer that lines the chambers of the heart and covers heart valves.
Contraction of the ventricles causes:
a.
closure of the atrioventricular valves.
b.
closure of the pulmonic and aortic valves.
c.
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 4
Exam Questions and Answers Graded A+
Which two heart chambers are most anterior in the chest?
a.
Both atria
b.
Both ventricles
c.
The right atrium and ventricle
d.
The left atrium and ventricle - Correct answer-ANS: C
The most anterior surface of the heart is formed by the right ventricle. The heart is
turned ventrally on its axis, putting its right side more forward. The left atrium is
above the left ventricle, forming the most posterior aspect of the heart.
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
,The condition in which a patient's heart is rotated or displaced to the right or is
situated as a mirror image of the expected position is called:
a.
amyloidosis.
b.
coarctation.
c.
dextrocardia.
d.
situs inversus. - Correct answer-ANS: C
Dextrocardia occurs when the heart is displaced or rotated to the right or is a
complete mirror image of the expected finding. Amyloidosis is a metabolic
disorder marked by amyloid deposits in organs and tissues. Coarctation is the
compression of the walls of a vessel, such as an aortic coarctation. Situs inversus
occurs when the heart and stomach are displaced to the right and the liver is
located to the left.
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
,Heart position can vary depending on body habitus. In a short stocky individual,
you would expect the heart to be located:
a.
more to the right and hanging more vertically.
b.
more to the left and lying more horizontally.
c.
riding higher in the chest and pushed anteriorly.
d.
hanging lower in the chest and riding more vertically. - Correct answer-ANS: B
The position of the heart varies depending on body build, configuration of the
chest, and level of the diaphragm. A tall slender person's heart tends to hang
vertically and is positioned centrally. A stocky short person's heart tends to lie more
to the left and more horizontally.
Which cardiac structure is responsible for the heart's pumping action?
a.
Pericardium
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
, b.
Epicardium
c.
Myocardium
d.
Endocardium - Correct answer-ANS: C
The myocardium is the thick muscular middle layer responsible for the pumping
action of the heart. The pericardium is the tough, double-walled, fibrous sac that
protects the heart. The epicardium is the thin outermost muscle layer that covers
the heart and extends onto the great vessels. The endocardium is the innermost
layer that lines the chambers of the heart and covers heart valves.
Contraction of the ventricles causes:
a.
closure of the atrioventricular valves.
b.
closure of the pulmonic and aortic valves.
c.
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 4
