Comprehensive Pharmacologic, Nutritional, and Pathophysiologic Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Aplastic, Megaloblastic, Sideroblastic, and Iron-Deficiency Anemias with High-Yield Clinical Correlations, Laboratory Markers, and Therapeutic Interventions for Boar

Comprehensive Pharmacologic, Nutritional, and Pathophysiologic Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Aplastic, Megaloblastic, Sideroblastic, and Iron-Deficiency Anemias with High-Yield Clinical Correlations, Laboratory Markers, and Therapeutic Interventions for Board Examination Mastery Questions Verified and Complete with A+ Graded Rationales Latest Updated 2026 what drug can cause aplastic anemia? Especially in combo with which drug Symptoms you may see: azathiopine (think azathioPURINE) - especially in combo with allopurinol (xanthine oxidase inhibitor) Symptoms: - RBC fatigue, malaise, pallor What do proton pump inhibitors do to iron absorption? (HY) PPI causes Fe deficiency DECREASE IT microcytic hypochromic anemia (long term use) - they disrupt the gradient and decrease their activity causing an ↑ in pH (less H+) by decreasing amount of acid Drug: OMEPRAZOLE omeprazole proton pump inhibitor - DECREASES iron absorption = iron deficiency anemia What can we give to help with iron deficient anemia? iron supplementation vitamin C (ascorbic acid) What is Vitamin C's impact on iron absorption? INCREASES IT - Vit. C (ascorbic acid) helps reduce Fe3+ to Fe2+ what reverses iron overload? deferoxamine Used to reduce Fe when transfusions are used to treat thalassemias What two vitamin deficiencies cause megaloblastic anemia? What peripheral smear cells will be present ↓ B12 ↓ B9 (folate) ***segmented neutrophils will be present What drug decreases B12? (HY) What will the deficiency cause? metformin (megaloblastic anemia) ***will have paresthesia (numb/tingles) ***will have segmented neutrophils ***will have elevated MMA ** neuropathy A PT presents with paresthesia and has segmented neutrophils. What drug are they taking for their type II diabetes?