ANP 650 Midterm Review Exam 2026
Questions and Answers Graded A+
If someone has aortic stenosis, what heart sound do you expect to hear? - Correct
answer-Systolic murmur
Where can you best hear a systolic murmur? - Correct answer-Aortic area (2nd
intercostal space)
What happens in the heart during S1? - Correct answer-Closing of mitral and
tricuspid valve
What happens during S2 - Correct answer-closing of aortic and pulmonic valve
What happens if valves are not closing at the same time? - Correct answer-Unequal
pressure = pulmonary HTN
What medication has a high risk for hypoglycemia - Correct answer-Sulphonylurea
(Glipizide)
What diabetic medication has a high cardiac risk and causes swelling? - Correct
answer-TZD (ACTOS - pioglitazone)
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, Most common 1st line of treatment for DM because of low cost - Correct answer-
Metformin (Biguanides)
What type of patients should avoid biguanides? - Correct answer-Impaired renal
function- leads to acidosis
What medications are a high risk for hypoglycemia - Correct answer-sulphonylurea
and insulin
How can you diagnose DM - Correct answer-o 2 readings of HgbA1C (> 6.5)
o Fasting BS (>125)
o Random BS (>200)
Complications of DM - Correct answer-- End organ damage
- Ophthalmic issues
- Renal failure
- Stroke
What can cause secondary DM? - Correct answer-- Steroids
- Pregnancy
- Hyper- endocrine disorders (cortisol, androgen, thyroid)
Risks secondary to a-fib - Correct answer-Stroke and TIA
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
Questions and Answers Graded A+
If someone has aortic stenosis, what heart sound do you expect to hear? - Correct
answer-Systolic murmur
Where can you best hear a systolic murmur? - Correct answer-Aortic area (2nd
intercostal space)
What happens in the heart during S1? - Correct answer-Closing of mitral and
tricuspid valve
What happens during S2 - Correct answer-closing of aortic and pulmonic valve
What happens if valves are not closing at the same time? - Correct answer-Unequal
pressure = pulmonary HTN
What medication has a high risk for hypoglycemia - Correct answer-Sulphonylurea
(Glipizide)
What diabetic medication has a high cardiac risk and causes swelling? - Correct
answer-TZD (ACTOS - pioglitazone)
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
, Most common 1st line of treatment for DM because of low cost - Correct answer-
Metformin (Biguanides)
What type of patients should avoid biguanides? - Correct answer-Impaired renal
function- leads to acidosis
What medications are a high risk for hypoglycemia - Correct answer-sulphonylurea
and insulin
How can you diagnose DM - Correct answer-o 2 readings of HgbA1C (> 6.5)
o Fasting BS (>125)
o Random BS (>200)
Complications of DM - Correct answer-- End organ damage
- Ophthalmic issues
- Renal failure
- Stroke
What can cause secondary DM? - Correct answer-- Steroids
- Pregnancy
- Hyper- endocrine disorders (cortisol, androgen, thyroid)
Risks secondary to a-fib - Correct answer-Stroke and TIA
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
