Medical-Surgical Nursing Exam 16:
Cardiovascular Nursing (60 Items) Exam
2026 Questions and Answers Graded A+
1. Which of the following arteries primarily feeds the anterior wall of the heart?
a. Circumflex artery
b. Internal mammary artery
c. Left anterior descending artery
d. Right coronary artery - Correct answer-c. Left anterior descending artery
The left anterior descending artery is the primary source of blood for the anterior
wall of the heart. The circumflex artery supplies the lateral wall, the internal
mammary artery supplies the mammary, and the right coronary artery supplies the
inferior wall of the heart.
2. When do coronary arteries primarily receive blood flow?
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,a. During inspiration
b. During diastole
c. During expiration
d. During systole - Correct answer-b. During diastole
Although the coronary arteries may receive a minute portion of blood during
systole, most of the blood flow to coronary arteries is supplied during diastole.
Breathing patterns are irrelevant to blood flow
3. Which of the following illnesses is the leading cause of death in the US?
a. Cancer
b. Coronary artery disease
c. Liver failure
d. Renal failure - Correct answer-b. Coronary artery disease
Coronary artery disease accounts for over 50% of all deaths in the US. Cancer
accounts for approximately 20%. Liver failure and renal failure account for less
than 10% of all deaths in the US.
4. Which of the following conditions most commonly results in CAD?
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,a. Atherosclerosis
b. DM
c. MI
d. Renal failure - Correct answer-a. Atherosclerosis
Atherosclerosis, or plaque formation, is the leading cause of CAD. DM is a risk
factor for CAD but isn't the most common cause. Renal failure doesn't cause CAD,
but the two conditions are related. Myocardial infarction is commonly a result of
CAD.
5. Atherosclerosis impedes coronary blood flow by which of the following
mechanisms?
a. Plaques obstruct the vein
b. Plaques obstruct the artery
c. Blood clots form outside the vessel wall
d. Hardened vessels dilate to allow the blood to flow through - Correct answer-b.
Plaques obstruct the artery
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, Arteries, not veins, supply the coronary arteries with oxygen and other nutrients.
Atherosclerosis is a direct result of plaque formation in the artery. Hardened
vessels can't dilate properly and, therefore, constrict blood flow.
6. Which of the following risk factors for coronary artery disease cannot be
corrected?
a. Cigarette smoking
b. DM
c. Heredity
d. HPN - Correct answer-c. Heredity
Because "heredity" refers to our genetic makeup, it can't be changed. Cigarette
smoking cessation is a lifestyle change that involves behavior modification.
Diabetes mellitus is a risk factor that can be controlled with diet, exercise, and
medication. Altering one's diet, exercise, and medication can correct hypertension.
7. Exceeding which of the following serum cholesterol levels significantly
increases the risk of coronary artery disease?
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Cardiovascular Nursing (60 Items) Exam
2026 Questions and Answers Graded A+
1. Which of the following arteries primarily feeds the anterior wall of the heart?
a. Circumflex artery
b. Internal mammary artery
c. Left anterior descending artery
d. Right coronary artery - Correct answer-c. Left anterior descending artery
The left anterior descending artery is the primary source of blood for the anterior
wall of the heart. The circumflex artery supplies the lateral wall, the internal
mammary artery supplies the mammary, and the right coronary artery supplies the
inferior wall of the heart.
2. When do coronary arteries primarily receive blood flow?
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,a. During inspiration
b. During diastole
c. During expiration
d. During systole - Correct answer-b. During diastole
Although the coronary arteries may receive a minute portion of blood during
systole, most of the blood flow to coronary arteries is supplied during diastole.
Breathing patterns are irrelevant to blood flow
3. Which of the following illnesses is the leading cause of death in the US?
a. Cancer
b. Coronary artery disease
c. Liver failure
d. Renal failure - Correct answer-b. Coronary artery disease
Coronary artery disease accounts for over 50% of all deaths in the US. Cancer
accounts for approximately 20%. Liver failure and renal failure account for less
than 10% of all deaths in the US.
4. Which of the following conditions most commonly results in CAD?
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,a. Atherosclerosis
b. DM
c. MI
d. Renal failure - Correct answer-a. Atherosclerosis
Atherosclerosis, or plaque formation, is the leading cause of CAD. DM is a risk
factor for CAD but isn't the most common cause. Renal failure doesn't cause CAD,
but the two conditions are related. Myocardial infarction is commonly a result of
CAD.
5. Atherosclerosis impedes coronary blood flow by which of the following
mechanisms?
a. Plaques obstruct the vein
b. Plaques obstruct the artery
c. Blood clots form outside the vessel wall
d. Hardened vessels dilate to allow the blood to flow through - Correct answer-b.
Plaques obstruct the artery
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, Arteries, not veins, supply the coronary arteries with oxygen and other nutrients.
Atherosclerosis is a direct result of plaque formation in the artery. Hardened
vessels can't dilate properly and, therefore, constrict blood flow.
6. Which of the following risk factors for coronary artery disease cannot be
corrected?
a. Cigarette smoking
b. DM
c. Heredity
d. HPN - Correct answer-c. Heredity
Because "heredity" refers to our genetic makeup, it can't be changed. Cigarette
smoking cessation is a lifestyle change that involves behavior modification.
Diabetes mellitus is a risk factor that can be controlled with diet, exercise, and
medication. Altering one's diet, exercise, and medication can correct hypertension.
7. Exceeding which of the following serum cholesterol levels significantly
increases the risk of coronary artery disease?
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