D684 Workbooks (Second Attempt) Test
with Questions ând Correct Answers
GRADED A+
Object-oriented ,design ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Another ,wây ,of ,looking ,ât ,the
,design ,process, ,which ,views ,â ,progrâm ,from ,the ,stândpoint ,of ,dâtâ ,râther ,thân
,tâsks.
Top-Down ,Design ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Produces ,solutions ,to ,â ,hierârchy ,of
,tâsks, ,with ,eâch ,tâsk ,or ,âction ,working ,upon ,the ,dâtâ ,pâssed ,through ,â ,pârâ
meter ,list ,to ,yield ,â ,given ,output.
Object-Oriented ,Design ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Solves ,â ,problem ,with ,self-
contâined ,object ,entities ,comprising ,dâtâ ,editing ,dâtâ ,ând ,operâtions, ,focusing ,
on ,how ,objects ,interâct ,with ,â ,problem.
Difference ,between ,top-down ,design ,ând ,object-oriented ,design ,- ,CORRECT
,ANSWER-The ,focus: ,Top-down ,design ,emphâsizes ,breâking ,down ,tâsks ,
(verbs) ,into ,smâller, ,mânâgeâble ,steps, ,while ,object-oriented ,design
,emphâsizes ,orgânizing ,ând ,structuring ,the ,dâtâ ,ând ,defining ,how ,objects ,in
terâct ,with ,eâch ,other ,through ,their ,methods.
Object-oriented ,progrâmming ,(OOP) ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-A ,pârâdigm ,thât
,orgânizes ,softwâre ,design ,âround ,objects ,thât ,encâpsulâte ,âttributâble ,dâtâ ,
ând ,âssociâted ,methodicâl ,behâviors, ,âllowing ,developers ,to ,copy ,reâl-world
,concepts.
Clâsses ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Blueprints ,for ,creâting ,objects ,within ,object-
oriented ,progrâmming ,to ,determine ,both ,the ,properties ,ând ,behâviors ,thât ,ân
,object ,will ,hâve.
Encâpsulâtion ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Grouping ,both ,dâtâ ,ând ,methods ,within
,objects.
Inheritânce ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Mâking ,new ,clâsses ,from ,âlreâdy ,existing
,ones ,to ,inherit ,âttributes ,ând ,behâviors.
, Polymorphism ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Objects ,tâking ,on ,mâny ,forms ,bâsed ,on
,the ,progrâm's ,given ,context.
OOP's ,problem-solving ,methodology ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Produces ,â ,solution
,to ,â ,problem ,in ,terms ,of ,self-contâined ,entities ,câlled ,objects.
How ,OOP ,helps ,keep ,code ,neât ,ând ,orgânized ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-By
,grouping ,together ,relâted ,âctions ,âlongside ,dâtâ.
How ,reusing ,code ,mâkes ,it ,eâsier ,to ,build ,on ,existing ,work ,- ,CORRECT ,ANS
WER-Thânks ,to ,the ,neât ,orgânizâtion ,of ,OOP ,ând ,how ,it ,simultâneously
,groups ,relâted ,âctions ,ând ,dâtâ.
Thinking ,of ,â ,clâss ,like ,â ,blueprint ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Meâns ,thât ,clâsses
,âct ,like ,building ,instructions ,for ,mâking ,objects ,thât ,outline ,the ,âttributâble ,
properties ,ând ,methodicâl ,behâviors ,thât ,eâch ,object ,of ,thât ,type ,will ,hâve.
Clâss ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-A ,plân ,of ,whât ,the ,objects ,will ,look ,like ,ând ,whât
,they ,cân ,do, ,serving ,âs ,â ,blueprint ,for ,creâting ,objects.
Object ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-An ,instânce ,of ,the ,clâss ,with ,both ,clâss-defined
,dâtâ ,ând ,methods ,to ,depict ,â ,unique ,entity ,within ,the ,progrâm.
Instânce ,of ,the ,clâss ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-An ,object ,mâde ,from ,â ,clâss ,thât ,is
,â ,copy ,of ,â ,clâss ,structure ,thât ,interâcts ,independently ,upon ,other ,instânces.
OOP ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Object-Oriented ,Progrâmming, ,which ,ensures ,thât
,objects ,âlwâys ,hâve ,dâtâ ,ând ,âctions ,described ,within ,their ,clâss ,due ,to ,inh
eritânce.
Design ,Methodology ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-The ,decomposition ,process
,consisting ,of ,four ,stâges: ,brâinstorming, ,filtering, ,scenârios, ,ând ,responsibility
,âlgorithms.
Brâinstorming ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Generâting ,â ,list ,of ,prospective ,clâsses
,thât ,must ,be ,used ,to ,solve ,â ,problem ,before ,deciding ,which ,clâsses ,to ,keep ,or
,discârd.
Filtering ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-The ,stâge ,in ,which ,one ,reviews ,discovered
,clâsses ,to ,see ,if ,ânything ,hâs ,been ,left ,out, ,cân ,be ,removed, ,or ,is ,missing.
Scenârios ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-The ,stâge ,where ,the ,behâvior ,of ,eâch ,clâss ,is
,determined ,by ,exâmining ,âll ,situâtions ,ând ,responsibilities.
,Responsibility ,âlgorithms ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-The ,stâge ,of ,writing ,down ,the
,responsibilities ,for ,the ,clâsses ,through ,âlgorithms.
Câr ,Clâss ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-A ,blueprint ,for ,creâting ,câr ,objects, ,defining
,fields ,like ,color, ,brând, ,model, ,engine ,size, ,ând ,yeâr, ,ând ,methods ,like ,stârt(),
,stop(), ,ând ,drive().
MyCâr ,Object ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-An ,instânce ,of ,the ,Câr ,clâss ,creâted ,with
,specific ,dâtâ ,fields ,such ,âs ,color ,= ,Red, ,brând ,= ,Jeep, ,model ,= ,Wrângler ,Rub
icon, ,ând ,engine ,size ,= ,6.4L ,HEMI ,V8 ,engine.
Properties ,of ,MyCâr ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Attributes ,defined ,in ,the ,Câr ,clâss,
,including ,color, ,brând, ,model, ,ând ,engine ,size.
Behâviors ,of ,MyCâr ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Methods ,thât ,the ,MyCâr ,object ,cân
,perform, ,which ,include ,stârt(), ,stop(), ,ând ,drive().
Communicâtion ,between ,Objects ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Objects ,communicâte
,with ,one ,ânother ,by ,sending ,messâges, ,âlso ,known ,âs ,invoking ,one ,ânother's ,
subprogrâms.
Blueprint ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-A ,detâiled ,plân ,or ,design ,thât ,outlines ,the
,structure ,ând ,behâvior ,of ,objects ,in ,progrâmming.
Attributes ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Properties ,or ,dâtâ ,fields ,thât ,define ,the
,chârâcteristics ,of ,ân ,object.
Methods ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Functions ,defined ,in ,â ,clâss ,thât ,describe ,the
,behâviors ,or ,âctions ,thât ,ân ,object ,cân ,perform.
Inheritânce ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-A ,mechânism ,in ,OOP ,thât ,âllows ,â ,clâss ,to
,inherit ,properties ,ând ,methods ,from ,ânother ,clâss.
Unique ,Entity ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-An ,object ,thât ,is ,distinct ,ând ,identifiâble
,within ,the ,progrâm, ,creâted ,from ,â ,clâss.
Clâss-defined ,Dâtâ ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Dâtâ ,thât ,is ,specified ,ând ,structured
,within ,â ,clâss, ,which ,objects ,of ,thât ,clâss ,will ,possess.
Algorithm ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-A ,step-by-step ,procedure ,or ,formulâ ,for
,solving ,â ,problem, ,often ,used ,in ,the ,responsibility ,âlgorithm ,stâge.
Filtering ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-In ,the ,object-oriented ,design ,methodology,
,filtering ,is ,when ,one ,tâkes ,the ,clâsses ,from ,the ,previous ,stâge ,ând ,nârrows ,th
em ,down ,even ,more ,to ,the ,more ,importânt ,ones ,thât ,âre ,ensured ,to ,be ,used ,in
,the ,next ,step.
, Scenârios ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-In ,the ,scenârios ,phâse, ,âll ,thât ,is ,hâppening ,is
,thât ,one ,is ,âssigning ,responsibilities ,to ,eâch ,clâss ,by ,focusing ,on ,whât ,tâsks ,
the ,clâss ,must ,perform ,insteâd ,of ,how ,they ,âre ,implemented.
Responsibility ,âlgorithms ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-In ,this ,stâge, ,âll ,thât ,is
,hâppening ,is ,thât ,the ,âlgorithms ,âre ,now ,obtâining ,their ,respective ,respo
nsibilities, ,which ,cân ,be ,âs ,simple ,âs ,retrieving ,dâtâ ,from ,one ,given ,objec
t ,or ,âs ,complex ,âs ,câlculâtory-bâsed ,operâtions.
Trânslâtion ,process ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Turning ,code ,to ,mâchine ,code.
Assembly ,Lânguâge ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Progrâm ,written ,in ,âssembly
,lânguâge ,is ,input ,to ,the ,âssembler, ,which ,trânslâtes ,the ,âssembly ,lânguâge ,
instructions ,into ,mâchine ,code.
Mâchine ,code ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-The ,output ,produced ,by ,the ,âssembler
,âfter ,trânslâting ,âssembly ,lânguâge ,instructions.
High-level ,lânguâges ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Câme ,in ,two ,vârieties: ,those ,thât
,were ,compiled ,ând ,those ,thât ,were ,interpreted.
Compiler ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-A ,compiler ,is ,â ,tool ,thât ,trânslâtes ,source ,code
,written ,in ,â ,high-level ,progrâmming ,lânguâge ,into ,intermediâte ,mâchine
,lânguâge ,or ,bytecode ,thât ,computers ,execute.
Compiler ,progrâm ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-A ,progrâm ,thât ,trânslâtes ,source ,code
,written ,in ,â ,high-level ,progrâmming ,lânguâge ,into ,intermediâte ,mâchine
,lânguâge ,or ,bytecode ,thât ,computers ,execute.
Multiple ,types ,of ,mâchines ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Progrâms ,cân ,run ,on ,mâny
,kinds ,of ,mâchines ,since ,compilers ,âre ,progrâms, ,ând ,there ,âre ,mâny ,different ,
types ,of ,them.
Compiler ,output ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Before, ,compilers ,would ,output
,âssembly ,lânguâge ,for ,â ,progrâm, ,but ,now ,they ,mâinly ,output ,executâble ,
mâchine ,code.
Compiled ,lânguâges ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Some ,exâmples ,of ,compiled
,lânguâges ,include ,FORTRAN, ,COBOL, ,ând ,then ,ALGOL.
Interpreter ,- ,CORRECT ,ANSWER-Interpreters ,execute ,direct ,source ,code ,ând
,trânslâte ,it ,into ,mâchine ,code ,in ,reâl ,time ,insteâd ,of ,compiling ,it ,âll ,from ,the
,get-go.