MGT 101 EXAM 3 VERIFIED ACCURATE STUDY GUIDE
Organizing - Answers -The process by which managers establish the structure of
working relationships among employees and organizational structure to achieve
organizational goals
Organizational Design - Answers -The process by which managers make specific
organizing and design choices that result in a particular kind of organizational structure.
Organizational Structure - Answers -a formal system of task and reporting relationships
that coordinates and motivates organizational members so they work together to
achieve organizational goals
What determines Organizational Structure - Answers -Environment - stable
environment with low uncertainly generally have more formal rules and mechanistic
structures (structure based on centralization and departmentalization - run as
bureaucracy - vertical structure). Unstable environments with more uncertainly generally
require more organic structures (decentralized and cross functional teams - flat
structure)
Bureaucracy - Answers -A formal system of organization and administration designed
to ensure efficiency and effectiveness
What determines organizational structure cont. - Answers -Strategy - Differentiation
strategy calls for flexible snd organic structure, while cost leadership straight pairs well
with a formal or mechanist structure.
Technology - more complex tech requires more flexible schedules due to uncertainly,
while routine tech works with more formal schedule.
Human Resources - the more the workforce, and the greater the use of teams, the more
likely a flexible, decentralized structure is used
Size - smaller org are loosely structured and organic, while larger org are more
mechanistic and bureaucratic
Job Design - Answers -The process by which managers decide how to divide tasks into
specific jobs, a configuration of tasks and reporting relationships that create division if
labor
job simplification (efficiency) - Answers -the process of reducing the number of tasks a
worker performs
Fredrick W. Taylor - Answers -Father of scientific management. He conducted
systematic studies of work task and processes to improve worker, efficiency, and
productivity, based on a narrow division of labor..
, Taylor's four principles - Answers -Observe, codify these new methods of work into
written rules and standard operating procedures, carefully select and train, develop
performance metrics and bonus systems
job enlargement (horizontal loading) - Answers -Increasing the number of different
tasks, in a given job by changing the division of labor. Tasks are added horizontally or at
the same level of difficulty
job rotation - Answers -A technique that moves or rotates employees between two or
more jobs in a planned manner in order to expose them to a different experience and a
wider variety of skills
job enrichment (vertical loading) - Answers -Increasing the degree of responsibility, a
worker has over a job. Added tasks of a higher order and responsibility and skill
Job Design: Ergonomics - Answers -The scientific discipline concerned with the
understanding of interaction among humans and other elements of a system (machines,
work stations) and the profession that applies theory, principles, data, and methods to
design in order to optimize human in the well being an overall system performance
functional structure - Answers -An organizational structure that groups employees
according to the tasks they perform such as human resources, marketing accounting,
finance
divisional structure - Answers -A organizational structure, composed of separate
business units that groups employees by products, services, geography, and by other
market/customs
product structure - Answers -Each product line or business is handled by a self-
contained (autonomous division) headed by a division manager
Geographic Structure - Answers -Each region of a country or area of the world is
served by a self-contained division
Global Product Structure - Answers -Each product division, not the country or regional
managers, takes responsibility for deciding where to manufacture its products and how
to market them in foreign countries
Market/Customer Structure - Answers -The structure in which each kind of customer is
served by self-contained division also called customer structure
matrix structure - Answers -An organizational structure that simultaneously groups
people and resources by function and by product.
Organizing - Answers -The process by which managers establish the structure of
working relationships among employees and organizational structure to achieve
organizational goals
Organizational Design - Answers -The process by which managers make specific
organizing and design choices that result in a particular kind of organizational structure.
Organizational Structure - Answers -a formal system of task and reporting relationships
that coordinates and motivates organizational members so they work together to
achieve organizational goals
What determines Organizational Structure - Answers -Environment - stable
environment with low uncertainly generally have more formal rules and mechanistic
structures (structure based on centralization and departmentalization - run as
bureaucracy - vertical structure). Unstable environments with more uncertainly generally
require more organic structures (decentralized and cross functional teams - flat
structure)
Bureaucracy - Answers -A formal system of organization and administration designed
to ensure efficiency and effectiveness
What determines organizational structure cont. - Answers -Strategy - Differentiation
strategy calls for flexible snd organic structure, while cost leadership straight pairs well
with a formal or mechanist structure.
Technology - more complex tech requires more flexible schedules due to uncertainly,
while routine tech works with more formal schedule.
Human Resources - the more the workforce, and the greater the use of teams, the more
likely a flexible, decentralized structure is used
Size - smaller org are loosely structured and organic, while larger org are more
mechanistic and bureaucratic
Job Design - Answers -The process by which managers decide how to divide tasks into
specific jobs, a configuration of tasks and reporting relationships that create division if
labor
job simplification (efficiency) - Answers -the process of reducing the number of tasks a
worker performs
Fredrick W. Taylor - Answers -Father of scientific management. He conducted
systematic studies of work task and processes to improve worker, efficiency, and
productivity, based on a narrow division of labor..
, Taylor's four principles - Answers -Observe, codify these new methods of work into
written rules and standard operating procedures, carefully select and train, develop
performance metrics and bonus systems
job enlargement (horizontal loading) - Answers -Increasing the number of different
tasks, in a given job by changing the division of labor. Tasks are added horizontally or at
the same level of difficulty
job rotation - Answers -A technique that moves or rotates employees between two or
more jobs in a planned manner in order to expose them to a different experience and a
wider variety of skills
job enrichment (vertical loading) - Answers -Increasing the degree of responsibility, a
worker has over a job. Added tasks of a higher order and responsibility and skill
Job Design: Ergonomics - Answers -The scientific discipline concerned with the
understanding of interaction among humans and other elements of a system (machines,
work stations) and the profession that applies theory, principles, data, and methods to
design in order to optimize human in the well being an overall system performance
functional structure - Answers -An organizational structure that groups employees
according to the tasks they perform such as human resources, marketing accounting,
finance
divisional structure - Answers -A organizational structure, composed of separate
business units that groups employees by products, services, geography, and by other
market/customs
product structure - Answers -Each product line or business is handled by a self-
contained (autonomous division) headed by a division manager
Geographic Structure - Answers -Each region of a country or area of the world is
served by a self-contained division
Global Product Structure - Answers -Each product division, not the country or regional
managers, takes responsibility for deciding where to manufacture its products and how
to market them in foreign countries
Market/Customer Structure - Answers -The structure in which each kind of customer is
served by self-contained division also called customer structure
matrix structure - Answers -An organizational structure that simultaneously groups
people and resources by function and by product.
