2026-2026 HESI Pharmacology V1
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Terms in this set (100)
A nurse is caring for a client with 3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin)
hyperparathyroidism and notes that
the client's serum calcium level is 13 Rationale:
mg/dL. Which medication should The normal serum calcium level is 8.6 to 10.0
the nurse prepare to administer as mg/dL. This client is experiencing hypercalcemia.
prescribed to the client?1. Calcium Calcium gluconate and calcium chloride are
chloride medications used for the treatment of tetany,
2. Calcium gluconate which occurs as a result of acute hypocalcemia.
3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin) In hypercalcemia, large doses of vitamin D need
4. Large doses of vitamin D to be avoided. Calcitonin, a thyroid hormone,
decreases the plasma calcium level by inhibiting
bone resorption and lowering the serum calcium
concentration.
Oral iron supplements are 4. Orange juice
prescribed for a 6-year-old child
with iron deficiency anemia. The Rationale:
nurse instructs the mother to Vitamin C increases the absorption of iron by the
administer the iron with which best body. The mother should be instructed to
food item? administer the medication with a citrus fruit or a
1. Milk juice that is high in vitamin C. Milk may affect
2. Water absorption of the iron. Water will not assist in
3. Apple juice absorption. Orange juice contains a greater
4. Orange juice amount of vitamin C than apple juice.
,Salicylic acid is prescribed for a 1. Tinnitus
client with a diagnosis of psoriasis.
The nurse monitors the client, Rationale:
knowing that which of the following Salicylic acid is absorbed readily through the
would indicate the presence of skin, and systemic toxicity (salicylism) can result.
systemic toxicity from this Symptoms include tinnitus, dizziness, hyperpnea,
medication? and psychological disturbances. Constipation
1. Tinnitus and diarrhea are not associated with salicylism.
2. Diarrhea
3. Constipation
4. Decreased Respirations
The camp nurse asks the children 4. At least 30 minutes before exposure to the sun
preparing to swim in the lake if they
have applied sunscreen. The nurse Rationale:
reminds the children that chemical Sunscreens are most effective when applied at
sunscreens are most effective when least 30 minutes before exposure to the sun so
applied: that they can penetrate the skin. All sunscreens
1. Immediately before swimming should be reapplied after swimming or sweating
2. 15 minutes before exposure to
the sun
3. Immediately before exposure to
the sun
4. At least 30 minutes before
exposure to the sun
,Mafenide acetate (Sulfamylon) is 3. Informing the client that this is normal
prescribed for the client with a burn
injury. When applying the Rationale:
medication, the client complains of Mafenide acetate is bacteriostatic for gram-
local discomfort and burning. negative and gram-positive organisms and is
Which of the following is the most used to treat burns to reduce bacteria present in
appropriate nursing action? avascular tissues. The client should be informed
1. Notifying the registered nurse that the medication will cause local discomfort
2. Discontinuing the medication and burning and that this is a normal reaction;
3. Informing the client that this is therefore options 1, 2, and 4 are incorrect
normal
4. Applying a thinner film than
prescribed to the burn site
The burn client is receiving 1.Hyperventilation
treatments of topical mafenide
acetate (Sulfamylon) to the site of Rationale:
injury. The nurse monitors the client, Mafenide acetate is a carbonic anhydrase
knowing that which of the following inhibitor and can suppress renal excretion of acid,
indicates that a systemic effect has thereby causing acidosis. Clients receiving this
occurred?1.Hyperventilation treatment should be monitored for signs of an
2.Elevated blood pressure acid-base imbalance (hyperventilation). If this
3.Local pain at the burn site occurs, the medication should be discontinued
4.Local rash at the burn site for 1 to 2 days. Options 3 and 4 describe local
rather than syeffects. An elevated blood pressure
may be expected from the pain that occurs with a
burn injury.
Isotretinoin is prescribed for a client 2. Triglyceride level
with severe acne. Before the
administration of this medication, Rationale:
the nurse anticipates that which Isotretinoin can elevate triglyceride levels. Blood
laboratory test will be prescribed? triglyceride levels should be measured before
1. Platelet count treatment and periodically thereafter until the
2. Triglyceride level effect on the triglycerides has been evaluated.
3. Complete blood count Options 1, 3, and 4 do not need to be monitored
4. White blood cell count specifically during this treatment.
, A client with severe acne is seen in 1. Vitamin A
the clinic and the health care
provider (HCP) prescribes Rationale:
isotretinoin. The nurse reviews the Isotretinoin is a metabolite of vitamin A and can
client's medication record and produce generalized intensification of
would contact the (HCP) if the isotretinoin toxicity. Because of the potential for
client is taking which medication? increased toxicity, vitamin A supplements should
1. Vitamin A be discontinued before isotretinoin therapy.
2. Digoxin (Lanoxin) Options 2, 3, and 4 are not contraindicated with
3. Furosemide (Lasix) the use of isotretinoin
4. Phenytoin (Dilantin)
The nurse is applying a topical 2. Axilla
corticosteroid to a client with
eczema. The nurse would monitor Rationale:
for the potential for increased Topical corticosteroids can be absorbed into the
systemic absorption of the systemic circulation. Absorption is higher from
medication if the medication were regions where the skin is especially permeable
being applied to which of the (scalp, axilla, face, eyelids, neck, perineum,
following body areas? genitalia), and lower from regions in which
1. Back permeability is poor (back, palms, soles).
2. Axilla
3. Soles of the feet
4. Palms of the hands
The clinic nurse is performing an 1. Acne
admission assessment on a client.
The nurse notes that the client is Rationale:
taking azelaic acid (Azelex). Azelaic acid is a topical medication used to treat
Because of the medication mild to moderate acne. The acid appears to work
prescription, the nurse would by suppressing the growth of Propionibacterium
suspect that the client is being acnes and decreasing the proliferation of
treated for: keratinocytes. Options 2, 3, and 4 are incorrect.
1. Acne
2. Eczema
3. Hair loss
4. Herpes simplex
Save
Terms in this set (100)
A nurse is caring for a client with 3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin)
hyperparathyroidism and notes that
the client's serum calcium level is 13 Rationale:
mg/dL. Which medication should The normal serum calcium level is 8.6 to 10.0
the nurse prepare to administer as mg/dL. This client is experiencing hypercalcemia.
prescribed to the client?1. Calcium Calcium gluconate and calcium chloride are
chloride medications used for the treatment of tetany,
2. Calcium gluconate which occurs as a result of acute hypocalcemia.
3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin) In hypercalcemia, large doses of vitamin D need
4. Large doses of vitamin D to be avoided. Calcitonin, a thyroid hormone,
decreases the plasma calcium level by inhibiting
bone resorption and lowering the serum calcium
concentration.
Oral iron supplements are 4. Orange juice
prescribed for a 6-year-old child
with iron deficiency anemia. The Rationale:
nurse instructs the mother to Vitamin C increases the absorption of iron by the
administer the iron with which best body. The mother should be instructed to
food item? administer the medication with a citrus fruit or a
1. Milk juice that is high in vitamin C. Milk may affect
2. Water absorption of the iron. Water will not assist in
3. Apple juice absorption. Orange juice contains a greater
4. Orange juice amount of vitamin C than apple juice.
,Salicylic acid is prescribed for a 1. Tinnitus
client with a diagnosis of psoriasis.
The nurse monitors the client, Rationale:
knowing that which of the following Salicylic acid is absorbed readily through the
would indicate the presence of skin, and systemic toxicity (salicylism) can result.
systemic toxicity from this Symptoms include tinnitus, dizziness, hyperpnea,
medication? and psychological disturbances. Constipation
1. Tinnitus and diarrhea are not associated with salicylism.
2. Diarrhea
3. Constipation
4. Decreased Respirations
The camp nurse asks the children 4. At least 30 minutes before exposure to the sun
preparing to swim in the lake if they
have applied sunscreen. The nurse Rationale:
reminds the children that chemical Sunscreens are most effective when applied at
sunscreens are most effective when least 30 minutes before exposure to the sun so
applied: that they can penetrate the skin. All sunscreens
1. Immediately before swimming should be reapplied after swimming or sweating
2. 15 minutes before exposure to
the sun
3. Immediately before exposure to
the sun
4. At least 30 minutes before
exposure to the sun
,Mafenide acetate (Sulfamylon) is 3. Informing the client that this is normal
prescribed for the client with a burn
injury. When applying the Rationale:
medication, the client complains of Mafenide acetate is bacteriostatic for gram-
local discomfort and burning. negative and gram-positive organisms and is
Which of the following is the most used to treat burns to reduce bacteria present in
appropriate nursing action? avascular tissues. The client should be informed
1. Notifying the registered nurse that the medication will cause local discomfort
2. Discontinuing the medication and burning and that this is a normal reaction;
3. Informing the client that this is therefore options 1, 2, and 4 are incorrect
normal
4. Applying a thinner film than
prescribed to the burn site
The burn client is receiving 1.Hyperventilation
treatments of topical mafenide
acetate (Sulfamylon) to the site of Rationale:
injury. The nurse monitors the client, Mafenide acetate is a carbonic anhydrase
knowing that which of the following inhibitor and can suppress renal excretion of acid,
indicates that a systemic effect has thereby causing acidosis. Clients receiving this
occurred?1.Hyperventilation treatment should be monitored for signs of an
2.Elevated blood pressure acid-base imbalance (hyperventilation). If this
3.Local pain at the burn site occurs, the medication should be discontinued
4.Local rash at the burn site for 1 to 2 days. Options 3 and 4 describe local
rather than syeffects. An elevated blood pressure
may be expected from the pain that occurs with a
burn injury.
Isotretinoin is prescribed for a client 2. Triglyceride level
with severe acne. Before the
administration of this medication, Rationale:
the nurse anticipates that which Isotretinoin can elevate triglyceride levels. Blood
laboratory test will be prescribed? triglyceride levels should be measured before
1. Platelet count treatment and periodically thereafter until the
2. Triglyceride level effect on the triglycerides has been evaluated.
3. Complete blood count Options 1, 3, and 4 do not need to be monitored
4. White blood cell count specifically during this treatment.
, A client with severe acne is seen in 1. Vitamin A
the clinic and the health care
provider (HCP) prescribes Rationale:
isotretinoin. The nurse reviews the Isotretinoin is a metabolite of vitamin A and can
client's medication record and produce generalized intensification of
would contact the (HCP) if the isotretinoin toxicity. Because of the potential for
client is taking which medication? increased toxicity, vitamin A supplements should
1. Vitamin A be discontinued before isotretinoin therapy.
2. Digoxin (Lanoxin) Options 2, 3, and 4 are not contraindicated with
3. Furosemide (Lasix) the use of isotretinoin
4. Phenytoin (Dilantin)
The nurse is applying a topical 2. Axilla
corticosteroid to a client with
eczema. The nurse would monitor Rationale:
for the potential for increased Topical corticosteroids can be absorbed into the
systemic absorption of the systemic circulation. Absorption is higher from
medication if the medication were regions where the skin is especially permeable
being applied to which of the (scalp, axilla, face, eyelids, neck, perineum,
following body areas? genitalia), and lower from regions in which
1. Back permeability is poor (back, palms, soles).
2. Axilla
3. Soles of the feet
4. Palms of the hands
The clinic nurse is performing an 1. Acne
admission assessment on a client.
The nurse notes that the client is Rationale:
taking azelaic acid (Azelex). Azelaic acid is a topical medication used to treat
Because of the medication mild to moderate acne. The acid appears to work
prescription, the nurse would by suppressing the growth of Propionibacterium
suspect that the client is being acnes and decreasing the proliferation of
treated for: keratinocytes. Options 2, 3, and 4 are incorrect.
1. Acne
2. Eczema
3. Hair loss
4. Herpes simplex
