Exam Coverage;
Patient Assessment System (PAS) - Scene
size-up, primary survey, and secondary
survey
Medical Emergencies - Recognition and
management of medical conditions
(diabetic emergencies, seizures, cardiac
issues)
Trauma Emergencies - Fractures,
dislocations, head, neck, and spinal injuries
Airway and Breathing - Rescue breathing,
oxygen administration, and airway adjuncts
Circulation and Shock Management -
Recognition, monitoring, and treatment
Environmental Emergencies - Hypothermia,
,frostbite, hyperthermia, and heat-related
injuries
Patient Packaging and Transport - Lifts,
carries, toboggan management, and terrain
considerations
Splinting and Immobilization - Upper and
lower extremities, spine boards, and
improvised devices
Bleeding Control and Bandaging - Direct
pressure, tourniquet use, and wound
management
Medications - Oxygen, epinephrine auto-
injector, aspirin, and patient-assisted
medications
Vital Signs Monitoring - Pulse, respiration,
blood pressure, and level of consciousness
Scenario-Based Decision Making - Applying
skills in realistic patient care situations
Documentation and Communication -
,Documentation and Communication
Reporting injuries, using radios, and patient
hand-off
Legal and Ethical Considerations - Duty to
act, consent, and patient confidentiality
Scene Safety and Hazard Recognition -
Avalanche awareness, slope hazards, and
environmental safety
, The first emergency responder A. Winter emergency care
textbook created exclusively for
ski patrollers was titled:
a. Winter Emergency Care.
b. Outdoor Emergency Care.
c. Ski Safety and First Aid.
d. Safety on the Snow.
Who created and founded the Minnie Dole
National Ski Patrol
To maintain OEC certification, Complete a refresher course that covers
you must: one-third of the curriculum every year.