NTR 555 Final Exam Questions & Verified Answers | Latest Update 2026/2027 | Graded A+ | 100% Pass.

NTR 555 Final Exam Questions & Verified Answers | Latest Update 2026/2027 | Graded A+ | 100% Pass. doubly labeled water-correct-answer-look at carbon dioxide production inject with H2O, hydrogens labeled with diterium, Oxygen- O 18 detect these in mass spec as pyruvate -- citrate in TCA, gives off CO2, hydration- water adds into reaction o 18 in expired CO2 over time, O 18 decrease due to normal excretion H2 is just water, extra is the carbon dioxide see how much CO 2 produced energy expenditure label hydrogen and oxygen water equilibrates lose oxygen quicker since equilibrates with carbon dioxide do washout curve Factors that Influence RMR-correct-answer-increase with weight increase with fat free mas increase with fat mass down with age increase male vs female genetics- families similar ethnicity- AA decrease by 10% trained vs. non trained body temperature 2 | Page dieting and starvation feasting and over eating increase menstrual cycle; growth and pregnancy as well as hormones trained vs. untrained indiv-correct-answer-increases also EPOCincreases after workout for trained high intensity- more after body composition overview- what are the different types?-correct-answer-body composition can be analyzed at the 1) atomic level-- O, C, H (organic); calcium, sodium other minerals etc 2) molecular-- water, lipid, protein 3) cellular-- fluid- water, in ECF, cell mass, extracellular solid 4) tissue system-- muscle, bone, fat whole level of body composition why does it matter?-correct-answer-size-- stature and mass vs. shape (fat to height) --endomorph (short, fat) 3 | Page -- mesomorph (middle) -- ectomorph (tall and thin) dimension -limb extension, armspan ***all of these factors affect your ability in different areas sleep metabolic rate changes during menstrual cycle-correct-answer-higdrop in late follicular, increase in early/ late luteal diet and exercise effects on RMR-correct-answer-high flux- 90 min x 75% of VO2 max, intake to balance low flux= 3 days of rest, intake to main energy balance body weight doesn't change more active- have higher RMR negative balanceHF exercise with rest diet (higher than rest, but not as high as food) positive balance- no exercise, at rest, but getting high calories, lower RMR than negative how many calories does make a difference Body weight IMPACTS performance-correct-answer-did study that showed that speed is lost with weight gain however, this is confounded by other factors, since weight increases with age, as well as weight is lost when constantly exercising when training hard- put weight belt on- went slower also lose weight- but maintain appetite not sure why this energy flux occurs 4 | Page effect of exercise and body weight on Total Energy Expenditure-correctanswersmall changes add up into the total energy expenditure we have an innate physiological balance if the the threshold of physical is increased, energy intake also increasing ("regulated zone"), where it is easier to maintain energy balance if you drop to below the threshold, the "unregulated zone", you still eat to maintain body mass, however people @ these low levels that to be very conscious of food since their energy expenditure is low Underweight issues-correct-answer-illness and injury increase starvation and diet kidney function eating disorder bone loss & amennorhea UW 5% men and 12% body fat women fat is necessary for survival! How to measure fat free mass (ie saturated with water) isotope dilutiondeuterated water-correct-answer-fat has no water while fat free mass is saturated with water label with O18 and H2 can see the distribution in water 5 | Page and concentration- lose oxygen with equilibrates with CO2 and H2 will equilibrate in tissue