Nursing Fundamentals and Clinical Skills Exam
Questions and Correct Answer
1. Korotkoff sounds correct answer: First and last sounds you hear during manual BP. These
indicate the systolic and diastolic readings.
2. Airborne infections correct answer: measles, varicella, tuberculosis
3. Droplet infections correct answer: Diphtheria, rubella, influenza, pertussis, mumps,
mycoplasmal/ meningococcal pneu- monia, scarlet fever, and sepsis
4. Contact infections correct answer: Major wound infections, respiratory infections (eg; RSV),
enteric infections- C. Ditt; skin infections- herpes, impetigo, pediculous, and scabies; eye infections-
conjunctivitis
5. Dose calculation correct
answer: Ordered/ available X
amount on hand (tab/ml)
6. Conversions correct answer: 2.2 lb = 1 kg ; 1 tbsp - 15 ml ; 1 tsp = 5 ml
7. 10 Rights correct answer: Drug, Dose, Client, Route, Time, Frequency, Documentation,
Reason, Refuse, Client Education, Evaluation
8. Tracheostomy Care correct answer: - provide trach care every 8 hours
-suction to remove secretions (when necessary)
-sterile procedure
9. Chest tubes correct answer: - inserted into thoracic cavity
-collects abnormal air, fluid, and/or blood from the pleural space or mediastinum
-returns negative pressure to intrapleural space
-requires collaboration with an RN; within PN's legal scope of practice- is permitted through the agency
policies
10. Oxygen therapy correct answer: - low flow devices correct answer: nasal cannula
(flow rate 1-6 L/min), simple face mask (emergency situations 40-60% O2 concentration - CO2
retention), partial rebreather (40-70% O2 concentration & minimum flow rate of 10 L/min), non-
rebreather (60-80% O2 concentration & flow rate 10-15 L/min)
-high flow devices correct answer: Venturi masks ( O2 concentration 24-60% & flow rate of 2-12 L/min;
delivers precise O2 concen- trations mainly for COPD clients)
1/
57
,11. Flow rate calculation correct answer: Ml (total solution of bag) X gtt (drip)
/ time (minutes)
= flow rate
Eg; 100 ml X 15 gtt
/ 60 min
= 25 gtt/min
2/
57
,12. Post-op correct answer: monitor/ assess correct answer: Respiratory status,
circulatory status, neurological status, wounds, care of drains/ tubes, fluid and electrolyte needs,
care for clients with regional anesthesia, musculoskeletal-skeletal, GI, renal
13. Post-op correct answer: exercises correct answer: Deep breathing, use of incentive
spirometer, controlled coughing, physio (if needed)
14. The practical nurse knows that it is important to take accurate
BP measure- ments because many of her clients are on
antihypertensive medications. Which of the following statements is
correct about measurement of BP?
1. All older adults have an auscultatory gap
2. Normal pulse pressure, or the difference between systolic and
diastolic pressures, is 50-60 mm Hg
3. Orthostatic hypotension is measured by recording blood pressure
and pulse with client sitting
4. An auscultatory gap can cause underestimation of systolic BP or
overestima- tion of diastolic BP correct answer: Correct correct answer:
4
1. All older adults have an auscultatory gap
-is more common with older clients with hypertension, but it does not always occur in these populations
2. Normal pulse pressure, or the ditterence between systolic and diastolic pressures, is 50-60 mm Hg
-normal pulse pressure is 40 mm Hg
3. Orthostatic hypotension is measured by recording blood pressure and pulse with client sitting
-orthostatic hypertension is measured by recording BP and pulse with the client in three positions correct
answer: supine, sitting, and standing
4. An auscultatory gap can cause underestimation of systolic BP or overestimation of diastolic
-Correct correct answer: the nurse might make the mistake of recording the last sound at the beginning
of the auscultatory gap as systolic BP
15. Mrs. Lucas, 88 years old, has been febrile for several days
3/
57
, due to a severe kidney infection. The physician asks the nurse to
check a core temperature for the next set of vitals. Which of the
following temperature sites can the nurse use to check a core
temperature?
1. Rectal
4/
57
Questions and Correct Answer
1. Korotkoff sounds correct answer: First and last sounds you hear during manual BP. These
indicate the systolic and diastolic readings.
2. Airborne infections correct answer: measles, varicella, tuberculosis
3. Droplet infections correct answer: Diphtheria, rubella, influenza, pertussis, mumps,
mycoplasmal/ meningococcal pneu- monia, scarlet fever, and sepsis
4. Contact infections correct answer: Major wound infections, respiratory infections (eg; RSV),
enteric infections- C. Ditt; skin infections- herpes, impetigo, pediculous, and scabies; eye infections-
conjunctivitis
5. Dose calculation correct
answer: Ordered/ available X
amount on hand (tab/ml)
6. Conversions correct answer: 2.2 lb = 1 kg ; 1 tbsp - 15 ml ; 1 tsp = 5 ml
7. 10 Rights correct answer: Drug, Dose, Client, Route, Time, Frequency, Documentation,
Reason, Refuse, Client Education, Evaluation
8. Tracheostomy Care correct answer: - provide trach care every 8 hours
-suction to remove secretions (when necessary)
-sterile procedure
9. Chest tubes correct answer: - inserted into thoracic cavity
-collects abnormal air, fluid, and/or blood from the pleural space or mediastinum
-returns negative pressure to intrapleural space
-requires collaboration with an RN; within PN's legal scope of practice- is permitted through the agency
policies
10. Oxygen therapy correct answer: - low flow devices correct answer: nasal cannula
(flow rate 1-6 L/min), simple face mask (emergency situations 40-60% O2 concentration - CO2
retention), partial rebreather (40-70% O2 concentration & minimum flow rate of 10 L/min), non-
rebreather (60-80% O2 concentration & flow rate 10-15 L/min)
-high flow devices correct answer: Venturi masks ( O2 concentration 24-60% & flow rate of 2-12 L/min;
delivers precise O2 concen- trations mainly for COPD clients)
1/
57
,11. Flow rate calculation correct answer: Ml (total solution of bag) X gtt (drip)
/ time (minutes)
= flow rate
Eg; 100 ml X 15 gtt
/ 60 min
= 25 gtt/min
2/
57
,12. Post-op correct answer: monitor/ assess correct answer: Respiratory status,
circulatory status, neurological status, wounds, care of drains/ tubes, fluid and electrolyte needs,
care for clients with regional anesthesia, musculoskeletal-skeletal, GI, renal
13. Post-op correct answer: exercises correct answer: Deep breathing, use of incentive
spirometer, controlled coughing, physio (if needed)
14. The practical nurse knows that it is important to take accurate
BP measure- ments because many of her clients are on
antihypertensive medications. Which of the following statements is
correct about measurement of BP?
1. All older adults have an auscultatory gap
2. Normal pulse pressure, or the difference between systolic and
diastolic pressures, is 50-60 mm Hg
3. Orthostatic hypotension is measured by recording blood pressure
and pulse with client sitting
4. An auscultatory gap can cause underestimation of systolic BP or
overestima- tion of diastolic BP correct answer: Correct correct answer:
4
1. All older adults have an auscultatory gap
-is more common with older clients with hypertension, but it does not always occur in these populations
2. Normal pulse pressure, or the ditterence between systolic and diastolic pressures, is 50-60 mm Hg
-normal pulse pressure is 40 mm Hg
3. Orthostatic hypotension is measured by recording blood pressure and pulse with client sitting
-orthostatic hypertension is measured by recording BP and pulse with the client in three positions correct
answer: supine, sitting, and standing
4. An auscultatory gap can cause underestimation of systolic BP or overestimation of diastolic
-Correct correct answer: the nurse might make the mistake of recording the last sound at the beginning
of the auscultatory gap as systolic BP
15. Mrs. Lucas, 88 years old, has been febrile for several days
3/
57
, due to a severe kidney infection. The physician asks the nurse to
check a core temperature for the next set of vitals. Which of the
following temperature sites can the nurse use to check a core
temperature?
1. Rectal
4/
57
