Bio 2100 Exam 1 review (UVA) Questions With Complete
Solutions
Prokaryotic cell
No nucleus
No membrane-bound organelles
Cell Wall
Animal Cells
Mitochondria
Intermediate filaments (provide structure with lack of cell wall)
Plant cell
Cell wall
Large, central vacuole
Mitochondria
Chloroplasts - allow photosynthesis
All cells
Ribosomes
Cytoplasm
Cell Membrane
Lipid definition
Any of a group of large, biological molecules that mix poorly, if
at all, with water
Amphipathic
the ability to be both hydrophobic and hydrophilic
, Importance of cell membrane
Regulates what enters/leaves cells, provide protection, keep
everything together, fluidity etc. so that cells can move fluidly
while staying together
Phospholipid structure
Glycerol with two fatty acid tails and one phosphate group
attached
Effect on membrane lipid tail structure
Kinky tails increases fluidity and permeability by increasing
spacing
Cis bond
on the same side
Trans bonds
two peices of the molecule on opposite sides
Role of cholesterol in animal cell membranse
Fills in gaps, makes membrane less permeable, influences
fluidity as dependent on the temperature.
Permeability of molecules
Easiest to permeate
Small nonpolar
Small uncharged polar
Large uncharged polar
Ions
Hardest to permeate
Solutions
Prokaryotic cell
No nucleus
No membrane-bound organelles
Cell Wall
Animal Cells
Mitochondria
Intermediate filaments (provide structure with lack of cell wall)
Plant cell
Cell wall
Large, central vacuole
Mitochondria
Chloroplasts - allow photosynthesis
All cells
Ribosomes
Cytoplasm
Cell Membrane
Lipid definition
Any of a group of large, biological molecules that mix poorly, if
at all, with water
Amphipathic
the ability to be both hydrophobic and hydrophilic
, Importance of cell membrane
Regulates what enters/leaves cells, provide protection, keep
everything together, fluidity etc. so that cells can move fluidly
while staying together
Phospholipid structure
Glycerol with two fatty acid tails and one phosphate group
attached
Effect on membrane lipid tail structure
Kinky tails increases fluidity and permeability by increasing
spacing
Cis bond
on the same side
Trans bonds
two peices of the molecule on opposite sides
Role of cholesterol in animal cell membranse
Fills in gaps, makes membrane less permeable, influences
fluidity as dependent on the temperature.
Permeability of molecules
Easiest to permeate
Small nonpolar
Small uncharged polar
Large uncharged polar
Ions
Hardest to permeate
