A & P II Exam 4 Questions With Complete Solutions
ADH Correct Answers A hormone from the posterior pituitary
that causes the kidneys to reabsorb water by inserting aquaporin
channels, lowering urine volume and conserving body water.
Aldosterone target Correct Answers Acts on principal cells of
the distal convoluted tubule and cortical collecting duct in the
kidney.
Aldosterone's action on Na and K Correct Answers Aldosterone
increases sodium reabsorption and potassium secretion in the
kidney's distal nephron, helping regulate fluid volume and
electrolyte balance.
ANP Correct Answers A hormone released by the atria of the
heart when stretched; promotes sodium and water excretion by
the kidneys to lower blood pressure and volume.
Bile salts Correct Answers Made from cholesterol; emulsify
fats for digestion and absorption.
Bilirubin Correct Answers Bile pigment from hemoglobin
breakdown; gives feces brown color (via urobilinogen).
Calcium absorption from diet Correct Answers Requires
vitamin D (calcitriol) to enhance absorption in small intestine.
Calories per gram of carbs/protein Correct Answers 4 kcal/g
Calories per gram of fat Correct Answers 9 kcal/g
, Cane sugar digested by what enzyme Correct Answers Sucrase
(breaks sucrose into glucose + fructose).
Definition of a base Correct Answers A substance that binds
hydrogen ions (H⁺). Strong bases bind freely and raise pH
markedly, while weak bases bind slightly and buffer pH
changes.
Dietary sources of cholesterol Correct Answers Animal
products
-Egg yolks, cream, shellfish, organ meats
ECF Cation Correct Answers The main positively charged ion
in extracellular fluid is sodium (Na⁺).
Edema Correct Answers Abnormal accumulation of fluid in
interstitial spaces, often causing swelling and impaired function
of affected tissues or organs.
Effects of excess Vitamin A Correct Answers Toxicity →
nausea, headache, bone pain, liver damage, birth defects.
End product of glycolysis Correct Answers 2 pyruvate acids
and 2 ATP's
Essential amino acids Correct Answers 9 amino acids the body
cannot make; must be obtained from diet. Histidine, isoleucine,
leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine,
tryptophan, valine
ADH Correct Answers A hormone from the posterior pituitary
that causes the kidneys to reabsorb water by inserting aquaporin
channels, lowering urine volume and conserving body water.
Aldosterone target Correct Answers Acts on principal cells of
the distal convoluted tubule and cortical collecting duct in the
kidney.
Aldosterone's action on Na and K Correct Answers Aldosterone
increases sodium reabsorption and potassium secretion in the
kidney's distal nephron, helping regulate fluid volume and
electrolyte balance.
ANP Correct Answers A hormone released by the atria of the
heart when stretched; promotes sodium and water excretion by
the kidneys to lower blood pressure and volume.
Bile salts Correct Answers Made from cholesterol; emulsify
fats for digestion and absorption.
Bilirubin Correct Answers Bile pigment from hemoglobin
breakdown; gives feces brown color (via urobilinogen).
Calcium absorption from diet Correct Answers Requires
vitamin D (calcitriol) to enhance absorption in small intestine.
Calories per gram of carbs/protein Correct Answers 4 kcal/g
Calories per gram of fat Correct Answers 9 kcal/g
, Cane sugar digested by what enzyme Correct Answers Sucrase
(breaks sucrose into glucose + fructose).
Definition of a base Correct Answers A substance that binds
hydrogen ions (H⁺). Strong bases bind freely and raise pH
markedly, while weak bases bind slightly and buffer pH
changes.
Dietary sources of cholesterol Correct Answers Animal
products
-Egg yolks, cream, shellfish, organ meats
ECF Cation Correct Answers The main positively charged ion
in extracellular fluid is sodium (Na⁺).
Edema Correct Answers Abnormal accumulation of fluid in
interstitial spaces, often causing swelling and impaired function
of affected tissues or organs.
Effects of excess Vitamin A Correct Answers Toxicity →
nausea, headache, bone pain, liver damage, birth defects.
End product of glycolysis Correct Answers 2 pyruvate acids
and 2 ATP's
Essential amino acids Correct Answers 9 amino acids the body
cannot make; must be obtained from diet. Histidine, isoleucine,
leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine,
tryptophan, valine
