NUR 1020C Exam 1 Study Guide
(Term 1) 2026 Exam Questions
and Answers | 100% Solved
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔The nurse's understanding
of these factors helps with formulating nursing diagnoses that address the
patient's needs and values. Needs at the lower levels of the pyramid-
shaped hierarchy must be met before needs at higher levels are
addressed.
,Florence Nightingale (1860) - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Concept of the environment
emphasized prevention and clean air, water, and housing.
- Her nursing theoretical work discussed environmental adaptation with
appropriate noise levels, hygiene, light, comfort, socialization, hope,
nutrition, and conservation of patient energy.
Which two nurses emerged during the civil war? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Dorthea
Dix and Clara Barton.
Dorthea Dix - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Head of the U.S. Sanitary Commission, which
was a forerunner of the Army Nurse Corps.
Clara Barton - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Established the Red Cross.
Linda Richards - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔America's first trained nurse, graduating
from Boston's Women's Hospital in 1873.
Lena Higbee - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Superintendent of the U.S. Navy Nurse
Corps, was awarded the Navy Cross in 1918.
Hildegard Peplau (1952) - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Focused on the roles played by
the nurse and the interpersonal process between a nurse and a patient.
, - The interpersonal process occurs in overlapping phases: (1) orientation;
(2) working, consisting of two subphases—identification and exploitation;
and (3) resolution.
Virginia Henderson (1966) - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Had 14 components, based on
Maslow's hierarchy of human needs from the physiologic, psychological,
sociocultural, spiritual, and developmental domains.
- She described the nurse's role as substitutive (doing for the person),
supplementary (helping the person), or complementary (working with the
person), with the ultimate goal of independence for the patient.
Martha Rogers (1970) - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Stated that human beings and their
environments are interacting in continuous motion as infinite energy fields.
- The model includes four dimensions: energy fields, openness, patterns
and organizations, and dimensionality.
Sister Callista Roy's (1970) - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Adaptation Model is based on
the human being as an adaptive open system.
- The person adapts by meeting physiologic-physical needs, developing a
positive self-concept-group identity, performing social role functions, and
balancing dependence and independence.
3
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2026. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
(Term 1) 2026 Exam Questions
and Answers | 100% Solved
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔The nurse's understanding
of these factors helps with formulating nursing diagnoses that address the
patient's needs and values. Needs at the lower levels of the pyramid-
shaped hierarchy must be met before needs at higher levels are
addressed.
,Florence Nightingale (1860) - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Concept of the environment
emphasized prevention and clean air, water, and housing.
- Her nursing theoretical work discussed environmental adaptation with
appropriate noise levels, hygiene, light, comfort, socialization, hope,
nutrition, and conservation of patient energy.
Which two nurses emerged during the civil war? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Dorthea
Dix and Clara Barton.
Dorthea Dix - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Head of the U.S. Sanitary Commission, which
was a forerunner of the Army Nurse Corps.
Clara Barton - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Established the Red Cross.
Linda Richards - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔America's first trained nurse, graduating
from Boston's Women's Hospital in 1873.
Lena Higbee - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Superintendent of the U.S. Navy Nurse
Corps, was awarded the Navy Cross in 1918.
Hildegard Peplau (1952) - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Focused on the roles played by
the nurse and the interpersonal process between a nurse and a patient.
, - The interpersonal process occurs in overlapping phases: (1) orientation;
(2) working, consisting of two subphases—identification and exploitation;
and (3) resolution.
Virginia Henderson (1966) - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Had 14 components, based on
Maslow's hierarchy of human needs from the physiologic, psychological,
sociocultural, spiritual, and developmental domains.
- She described the nurse's role as substitutive (doing for the person),
supplementary (helping the person), or complementary (working with the
person), with the ultimate goal of independence for the patient.
Martha Rogers (1970) - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Stated that human beings and their
environments are interacting in continuous motion as infinite energy fields.
- The model includes four dimensions: energy fields, openness, patterns
and organizations, and dimensionality.
Sister Callista Roy's (1970) - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Adaptation Model is based on
the human being as an adaptive open system.
- The person adapts by meeting physiologic-physical needs, developing a
positive self-concept-group identity, performing social role functions, and
balancing dependence and independence.
3
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2026. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
