Essentials of Lifespan Development Final (Santrock)
1. Freud's second stage Anal stage- Child's pleasure focuses on the anus 1 1/2 to 3 years.
2. proximodistal pattern Developmental sequence in which growth starts at the center of
the body and moves toward the extremities.
3. Memory A central feature of cognitive development, pertaining to all situations
in which an individual retains information over time.
4. sucking reflex A newborn's built-in reaction to automatically suck an object placed
in its mouth.
5. development The pattern of change that begins at conception and continues through
the life span. Involves growth, although it also includes decline brought on
by aging and dying.
6. normative age-graded influ- Influences that are similar for individuals in a particular age group.
ences Examples are puberty, menopause, retirement.
7. normative history-graded in- Influences that are common to people of a particular generation because of
fluences historical circumstances.
8. non-normative life events Unusual occurrences that have a major impact on the lives of in-
dividual people. (Ex. Death of a parent when a child, pregnancy
in early adolescence)
9. Chronological age is the number of years that have elapsed since birth
10. Biological age Is a person's age in terms of biological age in terms of the biological
health. involves knowing the functional capacities of a person's vital
organs.
11. Psychological age an individual's adaptive capacities compared with those of other
individuals of the same chronological age
, Essentials of Lifespan Development Final (Santrock)
12. Social Age connectedness with others and the social roles individuals adopt
13. nature-nurture issue the controversy over the relative contributions of biology and
experience
14. stability-change issue the degree to which early traits and characteristics persist
through life or change
15. Continuity and discontinuity focuses on whether the changes people undergo over the life
span are gradual or abrupt
16. psychoanalytic theory Theories that describe development as primarily unconscious
and heavily colored by emotion. (i.e. Frued)
17. Frued's Theory Theorized that patients problems were the result of experiences
early in life. Focus of pleasure and sexual impulses shift from he
mouth to the anus and eventually to the genitals.
18. Oral Stage Infant's pleasure center's on the mouth
19. Phallic Stage Child's pleasure focuses on the genitals
20. Latency Stage child represses sexual interest and develops social and intellec- tual skills
(6 years to puberty)
21. Genital Stage a time of sexual reawakening; source of sexual pleasure be- comes
someone outside the family (puberty onward)
22. Trust v. Mistrust Erikson's first stage
23. Autonomy v. Shame and Erikson's 2nd stage
Doubt
24. Initiative v. Guilt Erikson's 3rd stage
1. Freud's second stage Anal stage- Child's pleasure focuses on the anus 1 1/2 to 3 years.
2. proximodistal pattern Developmental sequence in which growth starts at the center of
the body and moves toward the extremities.
3. Memory A central feature of cognitive development, pertaining to all situations
in which an individual retains information over time.
4. sucking reflex A newborn's built-in reaction to automatically suck an object placed
in its mouth.
5. development The pattern of change that begins at conception and continues through
the life span. Involves growth, although it also includes decline brought on
by aging and dying.
6. normative age-graded influ- Influences that are similar for individuals in a particular age group.
ences Examples are puberty, menopause, retirement.
7. normative history-graded in- Influences that are common to people of a particular generation because of
fluences historical circumstances.
8. non-normative life events Unusual occurrences that have a major impact on the lives of in-
dividual people. (Ex. Death of a parent when a child, pregnancy
in early adolescence)
9. Chronological age is the number of years that have elapsed since birth
10. Biological age Is a person's age in terms of biological age in terms of the biological
health. involves knowing the functional capacities of a person's vital
organs.
11. Psychological age an individual's adaptive capacities compared with those of other
individuals of the same chronological age
, Essentials of Lifespan Development Final (Santrock)
12. Social Age connectedness with others and the social roles individuals adopt
13. nature-nurture issue the controversy over the relative contributions of biology and
experience
14. stability-change issue the degree to which early traits and characteristics persist
through life or change
15. Continuity and discontinuity focuses on whether the changes people undergo over the life
span are gradual or abrupt
16. psychoanalytic theory Theories that describe development as primarily unconscious
and heavily colored by emotion. (i.e. Frued)
17. Frued's Theory Theorized that patients problems were the result of experiences
early in life. Focus of pleasure and sexual impulses shift from he
mouth to the anus and eventually to the genitals.
18. Oral Stage Infant's pleasure center's on the mouth
19. Phallic Stage Child's pleasure focuses on the genitals
20. Latency Stage child represses sexual interest and develops social and intellec- tual skills
(6 years to puberty)
21. Genital Stage a time of sexual reawakening; source of sexual pleasure be- comes
someone outside the family (puberty onward)
22. Trust v. Mistrust Erikson's first stage
23. Autonomy v. Shame and Erikson's 2nd stage
Doubt
24. Initiative v. Guilt Erikson's 3rd stage
