CNA Chapter 1 & 2 Review Questions and Answers

CNA Chapter 1 & 2 Review Questions and Answers Acute care 24-hour skilled care for short-term illnesses or injuries: generally given in hospitals and ambulatory surgical centers. Activities of daily living (ADLs) Personal daily care tasks, including bathing, skin, nail, and hair care, walking, eating and drinking, mouth care, dressing, transferring, and toileting. Adult day services Care for people who need some assistance or supervision during certain hours, but who do not live in the facility where care is given. Assisted living Residences for people who do not need skilled, 24-hour care, but do require some help with daily care. Care team The group of people with different kinds of education and experience who provide resident care. Chronic Long-term or long-lasting. ex. Cancer, diabetes, alzheimers, etc. Acute Short-lasting or resolves quickly. ex. Flu Cite In a long-term care facility, to find a problem through a survey. Delegation Transferring responsibility to a person for a specific task. (CNA's do NOT do this) Chain of command The order of authority in a facility. Procedure A method, or way, of doing something. Policy A course of action to be followed. Joint commission A not-for-profit organization that evaluates and accredits different types of healthcare facilities. Rehabilitation A program of care to restore or improve function after illness or injury. Resident A person living in a long-term care facility Sandwich generation People responsible for the care of both their children and aging relatives. Skilled care Medically necessary care given by skilled nurse or therapist. Dependant Needs help with all. Independant Needs supervision and assistance. Empathetic Understanding another's feelings and putting yourself in their shoes. Accountable Answerable for one's actions Assistive devices Equipment that helps a person who is ill or disabled perform ADLs. (Adaptive devices) Dementia The loss of mental abilities, such as thinking, remembering, reasoning, and communicating. Medicaid A medical assistance program for people with low incomes as well as for people with disabilities. (Pays for NH care, certain amount $ per month) What will medicare pay for? Medicare will pay for care that it deems medically necessary. Medicare A federal health insurance program for people 65+, are disabled, or are ill and can't work (Pays for skilled care) What does long-term care assist with? Assists people with ongoing chronic medical conditions, and is usually given for an extended period of time. What are LTC facilities? Other common names for LTC facilities are nursing homes, skilled nursing facilities, rehab centers, or extended care facilities. Home health care Takes place in person's home...they are similar to NA's but may also clean the home, shop for groceries, do laundry, and cook. Subacute care It's used for people who need less care than for an acute illness, but a higher level of care than for a chronic illness. Outpatient care For people who have had treatments, procedures, or surgeries but don't need an overnight stay. Hospice care For people who have approximately six months or less to live. What can't NA's do? Nursing assistants are not allowed to insert and remove tubes, give tube feedings, or change sterile dressings, or give medication. Patient and understanding While working with people who are ill or disabled you should remain patient and calm. Honest and trustworthy Employers should count on truthful observations and documentation while keeping residences' information confidential. Conscientious Doing your best and staying alert, observant, accurate, and responsible. Enthusiastic Having a positive attitude, encouraging, showing interest in others, including their situations and problems. Courteous and respectful Being kind, polite, and considerate while respecting others' beliefs, even if they are different from your own. Dependable and responsible Being at work on time and avoiding too many absences while always following policies and procedures. Humble and open to growth People who are willing to admit when they have made a mistake and can accept their limitations while holding themselves accountable. Tolerant Not judging others and keeping opinions to themselves. Unprejudiced Giving quality care regardless of age, gender, sexual orientation, religion, race, ethnicity, or condition. Liability Being held responsible for harming someone else. Holistic Considering a whole system, such as a whole person, and not dividing the system into parts. Five rights of delegation 1. The right task 2. The right circumstance 3. The right person 4. The right direction/communication 5. The right supervision/evaluation Chain of command order for CNA's Owner/administrator Director of nurse (DON) Charge nurse CNA Why do people stay in a LTC? They are normally there because of a physical or mental disability and stay the longest. How many hours of inservice are required annually? 12 hours How do you maintain your CNA? You must work at least an 8 hour shift every 3 years. Abuse Purposeful mistreatment that causes physical, mental, emotional, or financial pain of injury to a person. Active neglect Purposeful failure to provide needed care, resulting in physical, mental, or emotional harm to a person. Advance directives Legal documents that allow people to decide what kind of medical care they wish to have in the event they are unable to make those decisions themselves. Assault A threat to harm a person, resulting in the person feeling fearful that he or she will be harmed. Battery The intentional touching of a person without his or her consent. Civil law Private law; law between individuals. Ex. 2 people Criminal law Public law; law related to committing a crime against the community. Ex. OJ Simpson Defamation Any statement (written or oral) that is not true and injures a person's reputation. DNR (Do-not-resuscitate) An order that tells medical professionals not to perform CPR in the event of cardiac or respiratory arrest. Domestic violence Physical, sexual, or emotional abuse by spouses, intimate partners, or family members. Durable power of attorney for health care A legal document that appoints someone to make the medical decisions for a person in the event he or she becomes unable to do so. Ethics The knowledge of right and wrong; standards of conduct. False imprisonment Unlawful restraint that affects a person's freedom of movement; includes both the threat of being physically restrained and actually being physically restrained. Financial abuse Improper or illegal use of a person's money, possessions, property, or other assets. HIPAA (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act) A federal law that sets standards for protecting the privacy of patients' health information. Libel Defamation in written form. Living will A document that states the medical care a person wants, or does not want, in case he or she becomes unable to make those decisions. Mandated reporters People who are required to report suspected or observed abuse or neglect due to their regular contact with vulnerable populations, such as the elderly in long-term care facilities. NATCEP (Nurse Aide Training and Competency Evaluation Program) Part of the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (OBRA) that sets minimum requirements for training and testing nursing assistants. Negligence Actions, or the failure to act or provide proper care for a person, resulting in unintended injury. OBRA (Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act) Law passed by the federal government that includes minimum standards for nursing assistant training, staffing requirements, resident assessments instructions, and information on rights for residents. Passed in 1987 and has been updated several times. Ombudsman A legal advocate for residents in long-term care facilities. Passive Neglect The unintentional failure to provide needed care, resulting in physical, mental, or emotional harm to the person. Physical abuse Any treatment, intentional or unintentional, that causes harm or injury to a person's body. Protected Health Information (PHI) Information that can be used to identify a persona and relates to his or her past, present, or future physical or mental condition, including any health care the patient has had, or payment for that health care. Psychological abuse Emotional harm caused by threatening, frightening, isolating, intimidating, humiliating, or insulting a person. Sexual abuse The forcing of unwanted sexual acts or behavior on a person. Sexual harassment Any unwelcome sexual advance or behavior that creates an intimidating hostile, or offensive, working environment. Slander Defamation in oral form. Substance abuse The repeated used of legal or illegal drugs, cigarettes, or alcohol in a way that is harmful to oneself or others. Verbal abuse The use of language that threatens, embarrasses, or insults a person. Workplace violence Verbal, physical, or sexual abuse of staff by other staff members, residents, or visitors. Why was OBRA passed? In response to reports of poor care and abuse in long-term care facilities. NATCEP requires what? At least 75 hours of training Quality of life The right to the best care and dignity, choice, and independence. Ex. Feeding tubes Services and activities to maintain a high level of wellness The right to be as healthy as possible. Ex. Being fed, bathed daily, etc. The right to be fully informed about rights and services Residents knowing the legal rights, along with the facility's rules and regulations. Ex. Explaining a procedure and making sure resident understands before proceeding. The right to participate in their own care The right to participate in planning their treatment, care, and discharge. Ex. Refusing medication The right to make independent choices Can make choices about their doctors, care, and treatments. Ex. Choosing their favorite outfit The right to privacy and confidentiality The right to speak privately with anyone, privacy during care, and confidentiality regarding every aspect of their life. Ex. Closing door/curtains before bathing or toileting.