Evolve Pharmacology HESI Exam
2023–2025 | Updated Version
Questions | Verified Answers &
Detailed Rationales| Brand new!!
A client who has been taking phenazopyridine (Pyridium) for symptoms of
urethritis and cystitis comes to the clinic because her urine is reddish-orange.
Which question should the practical nurse ask to determine if the medication
has been effective?
A) How much water have you been drinking each day?
B) Does the urine color stain your toilet bowl or undergarments?
C) Have you had any relief from urinary pain, burning, or urgency?
D) Did your urine appear cloudy or have a foul odor on voiding?
CORRECT ANSWER-C) Have you had any relief from urinary pain, burning, or
urgency?
Feedback:
RATIONALE: Phenazopyridine, an over-the-counter urinary analgesic, acts on the
mucosa of the urinary tract to relieve urinary pain, burning, itching, or urgency (C)
associated with urethritis and cystitis. Although determining if the client is forcing
fluids (A), experiencing staining from Pyridium's side effect (B), or having signs of a
urinary infection (D) are worthwhile assessments, the therapeutic response of
Pyridium is related to urinary discomforts only.
,A male client who has been receiving an antineoplastic drug has developed
thrombocytopenia. What instructions should the practical nurse (PN) reinforce?
A) Use suppository form of drugs.
B) Avoid large public gatherings.
C) Rise slowly when standing up.
D) Shave with an electric razor.
CORRECT ANSWER D) Shave with an electric razor.
Feedback:
RATIONALE: Thrombocytopenia is a common side effect of bone marrow
depression caused by several antineoplastic agents. The client is experiencing a
low platelet count and should use an electric razor (D) to reduce his risk of
bleeding. (A, B, and C) are not indicated for a client who needs to implement
thrombocytopenia precautions.
The practical nurse (PN) is caring for a client who has been taking prednisone
(Deltasone) daily for a year. Which adverse effect should the PN document in the
client's record?
A) Photosensitvity.
B) Weight gain.
C) Loss of hair.
D) Pale skin color.
CORRECT ANSWER -B) Weight gain.
Feedback:
RATIONALE: Long term use of prednisone causes fluid retention and redistribution
of fat deposition. Weight gain (B) and moon face reflect adverse effects of long-
term prednisone use and should be documented. (A, C, and D) do not occur with
treatment using prednisone.
,A female client with recurring headaches tells the practical nurse (PN) that she
has been taking at least 4 grams of acetaminophen a day. Which laboratory
studies should the PN review for this client?
A) Creatinine clearance.
B) Hepatic enzymes.
C) Coagulation values.
D) Arterial blood gases.
CORRECT ANSWER -B) Hepatic enzymes.
Feedback:
RATIONALE: Liver toxicity can occur when doses of acetaminophen exceed 4
grams a day, resulting in an elevation in hepatic enzyme values (B). (A, C, and D)
do not reveal findings related to acetaminophen toxicity.
A client receives a prescription for an oral opioid analgesic for post-operative
pain. Which adverse effect should the practical nurse (PN) monitor for with the
client?
A) Constipation.
B) Photosensitivity.
C) Decreased heart rate.
D) Frequent urination.
CORRECT ANSWER -A) Constipation.
Feedback:
RATIONALE: Opioid analgesics slow peristalsis, which leads to constipation (A), a
common side effect of opiates. (B, C, and D) are not associated with opioid
analgesics.
Which action should the practical nurse implement when administering a buccal
medication?
A) Encourage the client to swallow.
B) Administer water with medication.
, C) Ensure the medication is positioned under the tongue.
D) Place the medication between the upper molar teeth and cheek.
CORRECT ANSWER -D) Place the medication between the upper molar teeth and
cheek.
Feedback:
RATIONALE: Buccal medications are placed between the upper molar teeth and
the cheek (D) for absorption by the capillaries of the oral mucosa. The client
should be cautioned against swallowing, not (A). Buccal medications are not
administered with water (B). (C) describes sublingual administration.
What assessment is most important for the practical nurse (PN) to obtain prior
to initiating medication therapy with phenelzine (Nardil) for a client with
depression?
A) Activity level.
B) Mood and affect.
C) Understanding of diet modification.
D) The client's support system.
CORRECT ANSWER -C) Understanding of diet modification.
Feedback:
RATIONALE: To prevent a potentially lethal hypertensive crisis, a tyramine-free
diet should be maintained during antidepressant therapy with Nardil, a
monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI). It is most important to determine if the
client understands diet modification (C) before Nardil is initiated to prevent
consumption of foods that interact with Nardil. Although a client's activity level
(A) and mood and affect (B) should be monitored during antidepressant therapy, it
is most important that the client understand diet modifications. The client's
support system (D) and network of family and friends is important, but the client
should understand the responsibility of dietary compliance with the medication
regimen.
2023–2025 | Updated Version
Questions | Verified Answers &
Detailed Rationales| Brand new!!
A client who has been taking phenazopyridine (Pyridium) for symptoms of
urethritis and cystitis comes to the clinic because her urine is reddish-orange.
Which question should the practical nurse ask to determine if the medication
has been effective?
A) How much water have you been drinking each day?
B) Does the urine color stain your toilet bowl or undergarments?
C) Have you had any relief from urinary pain, burning, or urgency?
D) Did your urine appear cloudy or have a foul odor on voiding?
CORRECT ANSWER-C) Have you had any relief from urinary pain, burning, or
urgency?
Feedback:
RATIONALE: Phenazopyridine, an over-the-counter urinary analgesic, acts on the
mucosa of the urinary tract to relieve urinary pain, burning, itching, or urgency (C)
associated with urethritis and cystitis. Although determining if the client is forcing
fluids (A), experiencing staining from Pyridium's side effect (B), or having signs of a
urinary infection (D) are worthwhile assessments, the therapeutic response of
Pyridium is related to urinary discomforts only.
,A male client who has been receiving an antineoplastic drug has developed
thrombocytopenia. What instructions should the practical nurse (PN) reinforce?
A) Use suppository form of drugs.
B) Avoid large public gatherings.
C) Rise slowly when standing up.
D) Shave with an electric razor.
CORRECT ANSWER D) Shave with an electric razor.
Feedback:
RATIONALE: Thrombocytopenia is a common side effect of bone marrow
depression caused by several antineoplastic agents. The client is experiencing a
low platelet count and should use an electric razor (D) to reduce his risk of
bleeding. (A, B, and C) are not indicated for a client who needs to implement
thrombocytopenia precautions.
The practical nurse (PN) is caring for a client who has been taking prednisone
(Deltasone) daily for a year. Which adverse effect should the PN document in the
client's record?
A) Photosensitvity.
B) Weight gain.
C) Loss of hair.
D) Pale skin color.
CORRECT ANSWER -B) Weight gain.
Feedback:
RATIONALE: Long term use of prednisone causes fluid retention and redistribution
of fat deposition. Weight gain (B) and moon face reflect adverse effects of long-
term prednisone use and should be documented. (A, C, and D) do not occur with
treatment using prednisone.
,A female client with recurring headaches tells the practical nurse (PN) that she
has been taking at least 4 grams of acetaminophen a day. Which laboratory
studies should the PN review for this client?
A) Creatinine clearance.
B) Hepatic enzymes.
C) Coagulation values.
D) Arterial blood gases.
CORRECT ANSWER -B) Hepatic enzymes.
Feedback:
RATIONALE: Liver toxicity can occur when doses of acetaminophen exceed 4
grams a day, resulting in an elevation in hepatic enzyme values (B). (A, C, and D)
do not reveal findings related to acetaminophen toxicity.
A client receives a prescription for an oral opioid analgesic for post-operative
pain. Which adverse effect should the practical nurse (PN) monitor for with the
client?
A) Constipation.
B) Photosensitivity.
C) Decreased heart rate.
D) Frequent urination.
CORRECT ANSWER -A) Constipation.
Feedback:
RATIONALE: Opioid analgesics slow peristalsis, which leads to constipation (A), a
common side effect of opiates. (B, C, and D) are not associated with opioid
analgesics.
Which action should the practical nurse implement when administering a buccal
medication?
A) Encourage the client to swallow.
B) Administer water with medication.
, C) Ensure the medication is positioned under the tongue.
D) Place the medication between the upper molar teeth and cheek.
CORRECT ANSWER -D) Place the medication between the upper molar teeth and
cheek.
Feedback:
RATIONALE: Buccal medications are placed between the upper molar teeth and
the cheek (D) for absorption by the capillaries of the oral mucosa. The client
should be cautioned against swallowing, not (A). Buccal medications are not
administered with water (B). (C) describes sublingual administration.
What assessment is most important for the practical nurse (PN) to obtain prior
to initiating medication therapy with phenelzine (Nardil) for a client with
depression?
A) Activity level.
B) Mood and affect.
C) Understanding of diet modification.
D) The client's support system.
CORRECT ANSWER -C) Understanding of diet modification.
Feedback:
RATIONALE: To prevent a potentially lethal hypertensive crisis, a tyramine-free
diet should be maintained during antidepressant therapy with Nardil, a
monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI). It is most important to determine if the
client understands diet modification (C) before Nardil is initiated to prevent
consumption of foods that interact with Nardil. Although a client's activity level
(A) and mood and affect (B) should be monitored during antidepressant therapy, it
is most important that the client understand diet modifications. The client's
support system (D) and network of family and friends is important, but the client
should understand the responsibility of dietary compliance with the medication
regimen.
