ARDMS OBGYN Exam with accurate detailed solutions || || || || || ||
perimetrium - ✔✔outer serosal layer of the uterus
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myometrium - ✔✔muscular middle layer of the uterus
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endometrium - ✔✔inner mucous layer of the uterus; || || || || || || || ||
Has a basil layer and functional layer
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Measurements are obtained in AP dimension on SAG plane || || || || || || || ||
newborn uterus - ✔✔2/3 cervix, 1/3 body
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Pediatric uterus - ✔✔1/2 cervix and 1/2 body and fundus
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postmenopausal uterus - ✔✔1/3 cervix and 2/3 body and fundus || || || || || || || || ||
anteverted - ✔✔90 degree angle, forward placed
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Retroverted - ✔✔Tilting backward of uterus
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retroflexed - ✔✔Bending backward of uterus, uterus may become stuck
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anteflexed - ✔✔Bending forward of the uterus at the body
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ovarian cortex - ✔✔Functional layer
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,ovarian medulla - ✔✔Contains blood vessels and connective tissue
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premenopausal ovary - ✔✔3.5x2.0x1.5cm mean volume <9.8cm^3
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postmenopausal ovary - ✔✔2.0x1.0x0.5cm mean volume <5.8cm^3 || || || || || ||
ovarian hilum - ✔✔Area where ovarian vessels and nerves enter and exit the ovary
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Interstitial/intramural - ✔✔Located nearest to the Cornu (uterine wall) || || || || || || || ||
Isthmus - ✔✔Medial portion closest to uterus
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ampulla - ✔✔Longest portion, where fertilization occurs
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infundibulum - ✔✔Trumpet shaped end - closest to ovary after fimbriae
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Fimbriae - ✔✔Finger like projections
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Space of Retzius - ✔✔Aka retropubic or prevesical space; a distractor located between pubic
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bone and the anterior urinary bladder wall
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vesicouterine recess (pouch) - ✔✔Aka anterior cul de sac; may have fluid or bowel
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rectouterine pouch - ✔✔Aka posterior cul de sac or punch of Douglas; first place fluid will
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
collect
, Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) - ✔✔Follicle grows, estrogen increases || || || || || || ||
lutinizing hormone (LH) - ✔✔Spikes w ovulation and either decreases or turns theca cells
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to create progesterone instead of estrogen
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follicular phase - ✔✔Days 1-14; stimulated by FSH
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Ovulation - ✔✔Day 14; surge of LH caused by rupture of follicular membrane
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Luteal Phase - ✔✔Days 15-28; crater left by expulsion of ovum and becomes corpus luteum
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Menstrual phase - ✔✔Days 1-5; desquamation and sloughing of superficial layer of the
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endometrium. ||
Thickened, echogenic prior to start, max AP 2mm
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Proliferation phase - ✔✔Days 6-14; stimulated by estrogen secreted by developing follicles,
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ends at ovulation. Hyperechoic (early phase), tri-layered endo (late phase) "three line sign"
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Secretory phase - ✔✔Days 15-28; begins at ovulation, preparing for possible implantation.
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Homogeneously Hyperechoic with posterior acoustic enhancement, max AP 14-16mm || || || || || || || ||
Factors of infertility - ✔✔Anovulation and abnormal ovulation, tubal and transport factors,
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endometriosis, uterine factors, PCOS, cervical factors, etc || || || || || ||
Clomiphene citrate (clomid, serophene) - ✔✔Oral med used for women w infrequent or
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
long menstrual cycles
|| ||
perimetrium - ✔✔outer serosal layer of the uterus
|| || || || || || ||
myometrium - ✔✔muscular middle layer of the uterus
|| || || || || || ||
endometrium - ✔✔inner mucous layer of the uterus; || || || || || || || ||
Has a basil layer and functional layer
|| || || || || || ||
Measurements are obtained in AP dimension on SAG plane || || || || || || || ||
newborn uterus - ✔✔2/3 cervix, 1/3 body
|| || || || || ||
Pediatric uterus - ✔✔1/2 cervix and 1/2 body and fundus
|| || || || || || || || ||
postmenopausal uterus - ✔✔1/3 cervix and 2/3 body and fundus || || || || || || || || ||
anteverted - ✔✔90 degree angle, forward placed
|| || || || || ||
Retroverted - ✔✔Tilting backward of uterus
|| || || || ||
retroflexed - ✔✔Bending backward of uterus, uterus may become stuck
|| || || || || || || || ||
anteflexed - ✔✔Bending forward of the uterus at the body
|| || || || || || || || ||
ovarian cortex - ✔✔Functional layer
|| || || ||
,ovarian medulla - ✔✔Contains blood vessels and connective tissue
|| || || || || || || ||
premenopausal ovary - ✔✔3.5x2.0x1.5cm mean volume <9.8cm^3
|| || || || || ||
postmenopausal ovary - ✔✔2.0x1.0x0.5cm mean volume <5.8cm^3 || || || || || ||
ovarian hilum - ✔✔Area where ovarian vessels and nerves enter and exit the ovary
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
Interstitial/intramural - ✔✔Located nearest to the Cornu (uterine wall) || || || || || || || ||
Isthmus - ✔✔Medial portion closest to uterus
|| || || || || ||
ampulla - ✔✔Longest portion, where fertilization occurs
|| || || || || ||
infundibulum - ✔✔Trumpet shaped end - closest to ovary after fimbriae
|| || || || || || || || || ||
Fimbriae - ✔✔Finger like projections
|| || || ||
Space of Retzius - ✔✔Aka retropubic or prevesical space; a distractor located between pubic
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
bone and the anterior urinary bladder wall
|| || || || || || ||
vesicouterine recess (pouch) - ✔✔Aka anterior cul de sac; may have fluid or bowel
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
rectouterine pouch - ✔✔Aka posterior cul de sac or punch of Douglas; first place fluid will
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
collect
, Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) - ✔✔Follicle grows, estrogen increases || || || || || || ||
lutinizing hormone (LH) - ✔✔Spikes w ovulation and either decreases or turns theca cells
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
to create progesterone instead of estrogen
|| || || || ||
follicular phase - ✔✔Days 1-14; stimulated by FSH
|| || || || || || ||
Ovulation - ✔✔Day 14; surge of LH caused by rupture of follicular membrane
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
Luteal Phase - ✔✔Days 15-28; crater left by expulsion of ovum and becomes corpus luteum
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
Menstrual phase - ✔✔Days 1-5; desquamation and sloughing of superficial layer of the
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
endometrium. ||
Thickened, echogenic prior to start, max AP 2mm
|| || || || || || ||
Proliferation phase - ✔✔Days 6-14; stimulated by estrogen secreted by developing follicles,
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
ends at ovulation. Hyperechoic (early phase), tri-layered endo (late phase) "three line sign"
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
Secretory phase - ✔✔Days 15-28; begins at ovulation, preparing for possible implantation.
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
Homogeneously Hyperechoic with posterior acoustic enhancement, max AP 14-16mm || || || || || || || ||
Factors of infertility - ✔✔Anovulation and abnormal ovulation, tubal and transport factors,
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
endometriosis, uterine factors, PCOS, cervical factors, etc || || || || || ||
Clomiphene citrate (clomid, serophene) - ✔✔Oral med used for women w infrequent or
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
long menstrual cycles
|| ||
