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TNCC FINAL EXAM LATEST 2026 ACTUAL EXAM WITH COMPLETE
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (100% VERIFIED
ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+| ||PROFESSOR VERIFIED||
||BRANDNEW!!!||
What are the early signs and symptoms of increased ICP? -
ANSWER-- Headache
- N/V
- Amnesia regarding events around the injury
- Altered LOC
- Restlessness, drowsiness, changes in speech, or loss of
judgement
What is indicated by unilaterally fixed and dilated pupils? -
ANSWER-Oculomotor nerve compression from increased ICP &
Heniation syndrome
What is indicated by bilaterally fixed and pinpoint pupils? -
ANSWER-Injury at the pons or Opioid use
What is indicated by moderately dilated pupil with sluggish
response? - ANSWER-Early sign of herniation syndrome
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What are the late observable signs of symptoms of increased
ICP? - ANSWER-- Dilated, nonreactive pupil
- Unresponsiveness to verbal or painful stimuli
- Abnormal motor posturing patterns
- Widening pulse pressure (Cushing response)
- Changes in RR and pattern (Cushing response)
- Bradycardia (Cushing response)
What is Cushing's phenomenon or Cushing's Reflex? - ANSWER-
Triad of progressive HTN, bradycardia and diminished respiratory
effort.
What are the two types of herniation that occurs with ICP? -
ANSWER-1. Uncal herniation
2. Central or transtentorial herniation
Why does herniation occur? What are the symptoms? -
ANSWER-Because of uncontrolled increases in ICP.
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S/E's
- Unilateral or bilateral pupillary dilation
- AsyDimmetric pupillary reactivity
- Abnormal motor posturing
- Other evidence of neurologic deterioration
Define uncal herniation. - ANSWER-The uncus (medial aspect of
the temporal lobe) is displaced over the tentorium into the
posterior fossa. This herniation is the more common of the two
types of herniation syndromes.
Define central or transtentorial herniation. - ANSWER-A
downward movement of the cerebral hemispheres with herniation
of the diencephalon and midbrain through the elongated gap of
the tentorium.
Disruptions of the bony structures of the skull can result in what? -
ANSWER-Displaced or nondisplaced fx's causing CSF leakage
b/c of lac to the dura mater, creating a passage for CSF.
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CSF leaks through the nose (rhinorrhea) or the ears (otorrhea). A
potential entrance for invading bacteria.
Also: meningitis or encephalitis or brain abscess
Define Minor Head Trauma. - ANSWER-GCS 13-15
Define Moderate Head Trauma - ANSWER-Postresuscitative
state with GCS 9-13.
Define Severe Head Trauma. - ANSWER-Postresuscitative state
with GCS score of 8 or less.
Intubation is recommended
What is a concussion and its signs and symptoms? - ANSWER-A
temporary change in neurologic function that may occur as a
result of minor head trauma.
S/S:
TNCC FINAL EXAM LATEST 2026 ACTUAL EXAM WITH COMPLETE
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (100% VERIFIED
ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+| ||PROFESSOR VERIFIED||
||BRANDNEW!!!||
What are the early signs and symptoms of increased ICP? -
ANSWER-- Headache
- N/V
- Amnesia regarding events around the injury
- Altered LOC
- Restlessness, drowsiness, changes in speech, or loss of
judgement
What is indicated by unilaterally fixed and dilated pupils? -
ANSWER-Oculomotor nerve compression from increased ICP &
Heniation syndrome
What is indicated by bilaterally fixed and pinpoint pupils? -
ANSWER-Injury at the pons or Opioid use
What is indicated by moderately dilated pupil with sluggish
response? - ANSWER-Early sign of herniation syndrome
,2|Page
What are the late observable signs of symptoms of increased
ICP? - ANSWER-- Dilated, nonreactive pupil
- Unresponsiveness to verbal or painful stimuli
- Abnormal motor posturing patterns
- Widening pulse pressure (Cushing response)
- Changes in RR and pattern (Cushing response)
- Bradycardia (Cushing response)
What is Cushing's phenomenon or Cushing's Reflex? - ANSWER-
Triad of progressive HTN, bradycardia and diminished respiratory
effort.
What are the two types of herniation that occurs with ICP? -
ANSWER-1. Uncal herniation
2. Central or transtentorial herniation
Why does herniation occur? What are the symptoms? -
ANSWER-Because of uncontrolled increases in ICP.
,3|Page
S/E's
- Unilateral or bilateral pupillary dilation
- AsyDimmetric pupillary reactivity
- Abnormal motor posturing
- Other evidence of neurologic deterioration
Define uncal herniation. - ANSWER-The uncus (medial aspect of
the temporal lobe) is displaced over the tentorium into the
posterior fossa. This herniation is the more common of the two
types of herniation syndromes.
Define central or transtentorial herniation. - ANSWER-A
downward movement of the cerebral hemispheres with herniation
of the diencephalon and midbrain through the elongated gap of
the tentorium.
Disruptions of the bony structures of the skull can result in what? -
ANSWER-Displaced or nondisplaced fx's causing CSF leakage
b/c of lac to the dura mater, creating a passage for CSF.
, 4|Page
CSF leaks through the nose (rhinorrhea) or the ears (otorrhea). A
potential entrance for invading bacteria.
Also: meningitis or encephalitis or brain abscess
Define Minor Head Trauma. - ANSWER-GCS 13-15
Define Moderate Head Trauma - ANSWER-Postresuscitative
state with GCS 9-13.
Define Severe Head Trauma. - ANSWER-Postresuscitative state
with GCS score of 8 or less.
Intubation is recommended
What is a concussion and its signs and symptoms? - ANSWER-A
temporary change in neurologic function that may occur as a
result of minor head trauma.
S/S:
