BIOD 331 | NURS 231 Pathophysiology
MODULE 3 EXAM
Actual Questions and Verified
Answers
100% Guarantee Pass
Portage Learning, Geneva College
Inside you will get:
Updated Module 3 Exam
True & False Questions
Multiple Choice Questions and Answers
, Expert-Verified Explanations
1. What are the primary cells involved in the adaptive immune
response?
A. Eosinophils
B. Neutrophils
C. Lymphocytes
D. Macrophages
Correct Answer: C. Lymphocytes
Verified Explanation:
Lymphocytes, which include B cells, T cells, and natural killer cells, are
central to the adaptive immune response. B lymphocytes mediate humoral
immunity through the production of antibodies, while T lymphocytes mediate
cellular immunity by directly attacking infected or altered cells and
orchestrating immune responses.
---
2. T lymphocytes produce what type of immunity?
A. Humoral
B. Innate
C. Cell-mediated
D. Passive
Correct Answer: C. Cell-mediated
Verified Explanation:
, T lymphocytes are the principal effectors of cell-mediated immunity—a
branch of the adaptive immune response. Through various subsets (e.g.,
CD4+ helper T cells and CD8+ cytotoxic T cells), they directly attack
infected, malignant, or foreign cells and modulate the functions of other
immune cells, rather than producing antibodies.
3. Explain the challenges of diagnosing autoimmune disorders.
There are over 80 identified, many with overlapping presentations. Many
manifestations are nonspecific and are seen in other non-autoimmune
diseases. Blood testing isn't perfect either, as some tests are more generic
and can be elevated in the presence of other diseases.
Verified Explanation:
The diagnosis of autoimmune disorders presents significant challenges due
to both the diversity and non-specificity of clinical presentations. With more
than 80 known autoimmune conditions, many share similar signs and
symptoms—such as fatigue, joint pain, or rashes—that can also occur in a
wide range of non-autoimmune diseases, thus making differential diagnosis
difficult. Furthermore, laboratory assessments, including autoantibody panels
(e.g., ANA, RF, anti-dsDNA), may yield positive results in individuals without
any clinical disease or may be nonspecifically elevated in infectious or
inflammatory conditions. Therefore, clinicians must interpret laboratory
results in conjunction with comprehensive clinical evaluation and patient
history, underscoring the inherent complexity in establishing definitive
diagnoses for autoimmune diseases.
---
4. Which type of immunity is characterized by the development of a
specific response to an antigen?
MODULE 3 EXAM
Actual Questions and Verified
Answers
100% Guarantee Pass
Portage Learning, Geneva College
Inside you will get:
Updated Module 3 Exam
True & False Questions
Multiple Choice Questions and Answers
, Expert-Verified Explanations
1. What are the primary cells involved in the adaptive immune
response?
A. Eosinophils
B. Neutrophils
C. Lymphocytes
D. Macrophages
Correct Answer: C. Lymphocytes
Verified Explanation:
Lymphocytes, which include B cells, T cells, and natural killer cells, are
central to the adaptive immune response. B lymphocytes mediate humoral
immunity through the production of antibodies, while T lymphocytes mediate
cellular immunity by directly attacking infected or altered cells and
orchestrating immune responses.
---
2. T lymphocytes produce what type of immunity?
A. Humoral
B. Innate
C. Cell-mediated
D. Passive
Correct Answer: C. Cell-mediated
Verified Explanation:
, T lymphocytes are the principal effectors of cell-mediated immunity—a
branch of the adaptive immune response. Through various subsets (e.g.,
CD4+ helper T cells and CD8+ cytotoxic T cells), they directly attack
infected, malignant, or foreign cells and modulate the functions of other
immune cells, rather than producing antibodies.
3. Explain the challenges of diagnosing autoimmune disorders.
There are over 80 identified, many with overlapping presentations. Many
manifestations are nonspecific and are seen in other non-autoimmune
diseases. Blood testing isn't perfect either, as some tests are more generic
and can be elevated in the presence of other diseases.
Verified Explanation:
The diagnosis of autoimmune disorders presents significant challenges due
to both the diversity and non-specificity of clinical presentations. With more
than 80 known autoimmune conditions, many share similar signs and
symptoms—such as fatigue, joint pain, or rashes—that can also occur in a
wide range of non-autoimmune diseases, thus making differential diagnosis
difficult. Furthermore, laboratory assessments, including autoantibody panels
(e.g., ANA, RF, anti-dsDNA), may yield positive results in individuals without
any clinical disease or may be nonspecifically elevated in infectious or
inflammatory conditions. Therefore, clinicians must interpret laboratory
results in conjunction with comprehensive clinical evaluation and patient
history, underscoring the inherent complexity in establishing definitive
diagnoses for autoimmune diseases.
---
4. Which type of immunity is characterized by the development of a
specific response to an antigen?
